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Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Mobile Left Ventricular Thrombi.

ABSTRACT: The majority of acute coronary syndromes are caused by coronary artery thrombotic occlusions secondary to atherosclerotic plaque erosion or rupture. Coronary embolism is an important yet forgotten underlying cause of acute coronary syndrome. We present a case of a young patient who presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction suspected to be secondary to coronary embolization originating from a left ventricular thrombus.

SUBMITTER: Del Rio-Pertuz G

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8891841 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Mobile Left Ventricular Thrombi.

Del Rio-Pertuz Gaspar G Morataya Cristina C Iskandir Marina M Argueta-Sosa Erwin E

Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports 20220101

The majority of acute coronary syndromes are caused by coronary artery thrombotic occlusions secondary to atherosclerotic plaque erosion or rupture. Coronary embolism is an important yet forgotten underlying cause of acute coronary syndrome. We present a case of a young patient who presented with ST elevation myocardial infarction suspected to be secondary to coronary embolization originating from a left ventricular thrombus. ...[more]

PMID: 35225697

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Project description:BackgroundHeart failure after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We recently reported that activation of a transvalvular axial-flow pump in the left ventricle and delaying myocardial reperfusion, known as primary unloading, limits infarct size after AMI. The mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective benefit of primary unloading and whether the acute decrease in infarct size results in a durable reduction in LV scar and improves cardiac function remain unknown.ObjectivesThis study tested the importance of LV unloading before reperfusion, explored cardioprotective mechanisms, and determined the late-term impact of primary unloading on myocardial function.MethodsAdult male swine were subjected to primary reperfusion or primary unloading after 90 min of percutaneous left anterior descending artery occlusion.ResultsCompared with primary reperfusion, 30 min of LV unloading was necessary and sufficient before reperfusion to limit infarct size 28 days after AMI. Compared with primary reperfusion, primary unloading increased expression of genes associated with cellular respiration and mitochondrial integrity within the infarct zone. Primary unloading for 30 min further reduced activity levels of proteases known to degrade the cardioprotective cytokine, stromal-derived factor (SDF)-1α, thereby increasing SDF-1α signaling via reperfusion injury salvage kinases, which limits apoptosis within the infarct zone. Inhibiting SDF-1α activity attenuated the cardioprotective effect of primary unloading. Twenty-eight days after AMI, primary unloading reduced LV scar size, improved cardiac function, and limited expression of biomarkers associated with heart failure and maladaptive remodeling.ConclusionsThe authors report for the first time that first mechanically reducing LV work before coronary reperfusion with a transvalvular pump is necessary and sufficient to reduce infarct size and to activate a cardioprotective program that includes enhanced SDF-1α activity. Primary unloading further improved LV scar size and cardiac function 28 days after AMI.

Dataset Information

Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Mobile Left Ventricular Thrombi.

Publications

Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated With a Mobile Left Ventricular Thrombi.

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