Dataset Information

Larrea divaricata: anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of on macrophages and low density lipoproteins.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) contributes to inflammation and oxidative stress through the activation of macrophages under hyperglycemia contributing to the development of diabetes mellitus and to atherosclerosis. Plants are a source of effective and innocuous antioxidants. Larrea divaricata Cav. (Zygophyllaceae) is used in Argentina folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties.

Methods

The aim of this work was to study the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the aqueous extract (AE) of L. divaricata on macrophages under glucose stimulation and on human LDL and HDL particles under free radical generators.

Results

AE reduced the lipid peroxidation (17%), nitric oxide (NO) (47-50%), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (32%) and free radicals (50%) induced by glucose on macrophages. Also prevented HDL nitration (28%), thus preserving its function and structure and inhibited LDL oxidation. The effect on the nitrosative stress was mainly driven by nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA).

Conclusions

These results suggest a potential usefulness of AE as an adjuvant phytotherapy in patients with diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis.

SUBMITTER: Peralta I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8941816 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Larrea divaricata: anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of on macrophages and low density lipoproteins.

Peralta Ignacio I Marrassini Carla C Saint Martin Malen M Cogoi Laura L Alonso María Rosario MR Gugliucci Alejandro A Anesini Claudia C

BMC complementary medicine and therapies 20220323 1

<h4>Background</h4>The oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) contributes to inflammation and oxidative stress through the activation of macrophages under hyperglycemia contributing to the development of diabetes mellitus and to atherosclerosis. Plants are a source of effective and innocuous antioxidants. Larrea divaricata Cav. (Zygophyllaceae) is used in Argentina folk medicine for its anti-inflammatory properties.<h4>Methods</h4>The aim of this work was to study the antioxidant and anti-inf ...[more]

PMID: 35321702

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:HDL (high-density lipoprotein) infusion reduces atherosclerosis in animal models and is being evaluated as a treatment in humans. Studies have shown either anti- or proinflammatory effects of HDL in macrophages, and there is no consensus on the underlying mechanisms. Here, we interrogate the effects of HDL on inflammatory gene expression in macrophages. Approach and Results: We cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages, treated them with reconstituted HDL or HDL isolated from APOA1Tg;Ldlr-/- mice, and challenged them with lipopolysaccharide. Transcriptional profiling showed that HDL exerts a broad anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide-induced genes and proinflammatory effect in a subset of genes enriched for chemokines. Cholesterol removal by POPC (1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine) liposomes or β-methylcyclodextrin mimicked both pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of HDL, whereas cholesterol loading by POPC/cholesterol-liposomes or acetylated LDL (low-density lipoprotein) before HDL attenuated these effects, indicating that these responses are mediated by cholesterol efflux. While early anti-inflammatory effects reflect reduced TLR (Toll-like receptor) 4 levels, late anti-inflammatory effects are due to reduced IFN (interferon) receptor signaling. Proinflammatory effects occur late and represent a modified endoplasmic reticulum stress response, mediated by IRE1a (inositol-requiring enzyme 1a)/ASK1 (apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1)/p38 MAPK (p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling, that occurs under conditions of extreme cholesterol depletion. To investigate the effects of HDL on inflammatory gene expression in myeloid cells in atherosclerotic lesions, we injected reconstituted HDL into Apoe-/- or Ldlr-/- mice fed a Western-type diet. Reconstituted HDL infusions produced anti-inflammatory effects in lesion macrophages without any evidence of proinflammatory effects. CONCLUSIONS:Reconstituted HDL infusions in hypercholesterolemic atherosclerotic mice produced anti-inflammatory effects in lesion macrophages suggesting a beneficial therapeutic effect of HDL in vivo.

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Dataset Information

Larrea divaricata: anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of on macrophages and low density lipoproteins.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Larrea divaricata: anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of on macrophages and low density lipoproteins.

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