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Survey of CDC-recognized community pharmacies providing the National Diabetes Prevention Program and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on program delivery.

ABSTRACT: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) established the National Diabetes Prevention Program (NDPP) to prevent type 2 diabetes using an evidence-based lifestyle intervention program provided by community- and health care-based organizations, including community pharmacies. This study aimed to characterize CDC-recognized community pharmacies offering NDPP and determine the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on program delivery. A list of CDC-recognized community pharmacies offering NDPP was obtained from the CDC Registry of Recognized Programs on September 19, 2020. A 23-question cross-sectional survey was created to obtain information about program inception, delivery, recruitment, enrollment, program evaluation, reimbursement, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Each pharmacy was contacted via telephone using a standardized script and invited to complete the survey over the phone or online. A follow-up e-mail was then sent approximately 2 weeks later to pharmacies that had not responded. A total of 73 community pharmacies were identified in the CDC registry. Of the 64 eligible community pharmacies, 42% (n = 27) completed the survey. Most community pharmacies offering NDPP were in the Southeastern (41%) and Midwestern (22%) regions of the United States. A majority were independent pharmacies (78%) and had "pending" CDC recognition status (74%). Program delivery primarily occurred in the pharmacy (48%) or in a hybrid model (26%). Most programs were not submitting reimbursement claims (74%) and did not charge participants (82%). Nearly two-thirds of pharmacies (63%) strongly agreed that COVID-19 had significantly affected their programs, yet most (67%) continued to offer NDPP during the pandemic. To our knowledge, this is the first characterization of CDC-recognized community pharmacies providing NDPP. Best practices for implementing NDPP at community pharmacies warrant further exploration and models to ensure long-term sustainability. COVID-19 affected most community pharmacies providing NDPP, but the majority continued to offer NDPP during the pandemic.

SUBMITTER: Spence R

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8968123 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:OBJECTIVES:This study investigated pharmacists' and pharmacy assistants' current practices and perspectives with regard to oral healthcare provision across Australian community pharmacies. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. A questionnaire for each pharmacist and pharmacy assistant cohort was developed and administered by online or postal means. Pearson's ?2 test was used to examine relationships between categorical variables. PARTICIPANTS:Pharmacists and pharmacy assistants working within 2100 randomly selected Australian community pharmacies. RESULTS:The overall response rate was 58.5% (644/1100) for the pharmacist cohort and 28% (280/1000) for the pharmacy assistant cohort. This represents pharmacy staff responses from 803 community pharmacies across Australia (approximately 14.6%, 803/5500 of community pharmacies nationally). Overall, the majority of pharmacists (80.2%; 516/644) and pharmacy assistants (83.6%; 234/280) reported providing oral health advice/consultations to health consumers up to five times each week. More than half of community pharmacists and pharmacy assistants were involved in identifying signs and symptoms for oral health problems; and the majority believed health consumers were receptive to receiving oral health advice. Additionally, more than 80% of pharmacists and 60% of pharmacy assistants viewed extended oral healthcare roles positively and supported integrating them within their workplace; extended roles include provision of prevention, early intervention and referral to oral healthcare services. The most commonly reported barriers to enhance pharmacy staff involvement in oral healthcare within Australian community pharmacies include lack of knowledge, ongoing training and resources to assist practice. CONCLUSION:This study highlights that Australian pharmacists have an important role in oral health and provides evidence supporting the need for growing partnerships/collaborations between pharmacy and dental healthcare professionals and organisations to develop, implement and evaluate evidence-based resources, interventions and services to deliver improved and responsive oral healthcare within Australian communities.

Project description:OBJECTIVES:Behavioral health (BH) disorders affect 65% to 90% of nursing home (NH) residents. Access to BH services in NHs has been generally considered inadequate, but the empirical evidence is sparse. We examined the availability of BH services and identified facility-level factors associated with the difficulty of providing BH services in NHs. DESIGN:A national random sample of 3996 NHs was identified. Two structured surveys with questions about BH service availability, quality, satisfaction, staffing, staff education, turnover, and service barriers were mailed to administrators and directors of nursing in each NH between July and December 2017. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS:Completed surveys were obtained from 1079 NHs (27% response rate). Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regressions were employed. MEASUREMENTS:Four outcome measures were based on five-point Likert scales: (1) adequacy of BH staff education; (2) ability to meet resident BH service needs; (3) adequacy of coordination/collaboration between NH/community providers; and (4) availability of necessary facility infrastructure. RESULTS:BH service needs were unmet in one third of NHs; almost half lacked appropriate staff BH education. Over 30% reported having inadequate coordination of care between NH and community providers, and 26.2% had inadequate infrastructure for residents' referrals/transport. Staff BH education was less problematic in NHs with Alzheimer disease units (odds ratio [OR] = 0.6; P < .05), lower registered nurse (RN) turnover (OR = 0.7; P < .05), and more psychiatrically trained RNs (OR = 0.5; P < .001) and social workers (OR = 0.6; P < .05). Lower RN turnover (OR = 0.7; P < .05) and more psychiatrically trained RNs (OR = 0.6; P < .05) were associated with fewer NHs reporting being unable to meet BH service needs. Having more psychiatrically trained RNs (OR = 0.6; P < .05) was associated with fewer NHs reporting inadequate coordination with community providers. CONCLUSION:Inadequate BH education and psychiatric training among NH staff were associated with subpar provision of BH services in this care setting. New initiatives that increase access to BH providers and services and improve staff education are urgently needed in NHs. J Am Geriatr Soc 67:1713-1717, 2019.

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Survey of CDC-recognized community pharmacies providing the National Diabetes Prevention Program and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on program delivery.

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