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Mechanisms of resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin among isolates of Enterococcus faecium from animals, raw meat, and hospital patients in Western Europe.

ABSTRACT: Twenty-eight quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant isolates of Enterococcus faecium from hospital patients and nonhuman sources in European countries were studied. High-level resistance (MICs, >/=32 microg/ml) was associated with the presence of vat(E) (satG) (14 isolates ¿50%) or vat(D) (satA) (6 isolates ¿21%). These genes were not detected in eight (29%) isolates with lower levels of quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance (MICs, 4 to 16 microg/ml). This suggests the presence of further mechanisms of resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin in E. faecium.

SUBMITTER: Soltani M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC89699 | biostudies-literature | 2000 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Mechanisms of resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin among isolates of Enterococcus faecium from animals, raw meat, and hospital patients in Western Europe.

Soltani M M Beighton D D Philpott-Howard J J Woodford N N

Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20000201 2

Twenty-eight quinupristin-dalfopristin-resistant isolates of Enterococcus faecium from hospital patients and nonhuman sources in European countries were studied. High-level resistance (MICs, >/=32 microg/ml) was associated with the presence of vat(E) (satG) (14 isolates ¿50%) or vat(D) (satA) (6 isolates ¿21%). These genes were not detected in eight (29%) isolates with lower levels of quinupristin-dalfopristin resistance (MICs, 4 to 16 microg/ml). This suggests the presence of further mechanisms ...[more]

PMID: 10639378

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Project description:Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a broad-spectrum antiseptic widely used in community and clinical contexts for many years that has recently acquired higher relevance in nosocomial infection control worldwide. Despite this, CHX tolerance among Enterococcus faecium bacteria, representing one of the leading agents causing nosocomial infections, has been poorly understood. This study provides new phenotypic and molecular data for better identification of CHX-tolerant E. faecium subpopulations in community and clinical contexts. The chlorhexidine MIC (MICCHX) distribution of 106 E. faecium isolates suggested the occurrence of tolerant subpopulations in diverse sources (human, animal, food, environment) and phylogenomic backgrounds (clades A1/A2/B), with predominance in clade A1. They carried a specific variant of the 2CS-CHXT operon, identified here. It encodes glucose and amino acid-polyamine-organocation family transporters, besides the DNA-binding response regulator ChtR, with a P102H mutation previously described only in CHX-tolerant clade A1 E. faecium, and the ChtS sensor. 2CS-CHXT seems to be associated with three regulons modulating diverse bacterial biological functions. Combined data from normal MIC distribution and 2CS-CHXT operon characterization support a tentative epidemiological cutoff (ECOFF) of 8?mg/liter to CHX, which is useful to detect tolerant E. faecium populations in future surveillance studies. The spread of tolerant E. faecium in diverse epidemiological backgrounds calls for the prudent use of CHX in multiple contexts.IMPORTANCE Chlorhexidine is one of the substances included in the World Health Organization's list of essential medicines, which comprises the safest and most effective medicines needed in global health systems. Although it has been widely applied as a disinfectant and antiseptic in health care (skin, hands, mouthwashes, eye drops) since the 1950s, its use in hospitals to prevent nosocomial infections has increased worldwide in recent years. Here, we provide a comprehensive study on chlorhexidine tolerance among strains of Enterococcus faecium, one of the leading nosocomial agents worldwide, and identify a novel 2CS-CHXT operon as a signature of tolerant strains occurring in diverse phylogenomic groups. Our data allowed for the proposal of a tentative epidemiological cutoff of 8?mg/liter, which is useful to detect tolerant E. faecium populations in surveillance studies in community and clinical contexts. The prediction of 2CS-CHXT regulons will also facilitate the design of future experimental studies to better uncover chlorhexidine tolerance among E. faecium bacteria.

Dataset Information

Mechanisms of resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin among isolates of Enterococcus faecium from animals, raw meat, and hospital patients in Western Europe.

Publications

Mechanisms of resistance to quinupristin-dalfopristin among isolates of Enterococcus faecium from animals, raw meat, and hospital patients in Western Europe.

Similar Datasets

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