Dataset Information

Pre-existing diabetic retinopathy as a prognostic factor for COVID-19 outcomes amongst people with diabetes: A systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Aims

Certain patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have high risk for complications from COVID-19. We aimed to test the hypothesis that pre-existing diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular disease, is a prognostic indicator for poor COVID-19 outcome in this heterogeneous population.

Methods

Seven databases (including MEDLINE) and grey literature were searched, identifying eligible studies using predetermined selection criteria. The Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was used for quality assessment, followed by narrative synthesis of included studies.

Results

Eight cohort studies were identified. Three showed significant positive associations between DR and poor COVID-19 outcomes. The highest quality study, McGurnaghan, found increased risk of the combined outcome fatal or critical care unit (CCU)-treated COVID-19 with referable-grade DR (OR 1.672, 95% CI 1.38-2.03). Indirectly, four studies reported positive associations with microvascular disease and poorer prognosis. Variability between studies limited comparability.

Conclusions

The current literature suggests an independent association between DR and poorer COVID-19 prognosis in patients with DM after controlling for key variables such as age. The use of standardised methodology in future studies would establish the predictive value of DR with greater confidence. Researchers should consider comparing the predictive value of DR and its severity, to other microvascular complications of DM.

SUBMITTER: Boden I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC8982479 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Pre-existing diabetic retinopathy as a prognostic factor for COVID-19 outcomes amongst people with diabetes: A systematic review.

Boden Isabel I Bernabeu Miguel O MO Dhillon Baljean B Dorward David A DA MacCormick Ian I Megaw Roly R Tochel Claire C

Diabetes research and clinical practice 20220405

<h4>Aims</h4>Certain patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have high risk for complications from COVID-19. We aimed to test the hypothesis that pre-existing diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular disease, is a prognostic indicator for poor COVID-19 outcome in this heterogeneous population.<h4>Methods</h4>Seven databases (including MEDLINE) and grey literature were searched, identifying eligible studies using predetermined selection criteria. The Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was u ...[more]

PMID: 35395248

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Project description:BackgroundThe proportion of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) has grown with increasing number of diabetes mellitus patients in the world. It is among the major causes of blindness worldwide. The main objective of this study was to identify contributing risk factors of DR among people with type II diabetes mellitus.MethodA sample of 191 people with type II diabetes mellitus was selected from the Black Lion Specialized Hospital diabetic unit from 1 March 2018 to 1 April 2018. A multivariate stochastic regression imputation technique was applied to impute the missing values. The response variable, DR is a categorical variable with two outcomes. Based on the relationship derived from the exploratory analysis, the odds of having DR were not necessarily linearly related to the continuous predictors for this sample of patients. Therefore, a semiparametric model was proposed to identify the risk factors of DR.ResultFrom the sample of 191 people with type II diabetes mellitus, 98 (51.3%) of them had DR. The results of semiparametric regression model revealed that being male, hypertension, insulin treatment, and frequency of clinical visits had a significant linear relationships with the odds of having DR. In addition, the log- odds of having DR has a significant nonlinear relation with the interaction of age by gender (for female patients), duration of diabetes, interaction of cholesterol level by gender (for female patients), haemoglobin A1c, and interaction of haemoglobin A1c by fasting blood glucose with degrees of freedom [Formula: see text], respectively. The interaction of age by gender and cholesterol level by gender appear non significant for male patients. The result from the interaction of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by fasting blood glucose (FBG) showed that the risk of DR is high when the level of HbA1c and FBG were simultaneously high.ConclusionClinical variables related to people with type II diabetes mellitus were strong predictive factors of DR. Hence, health professionals should be cautious about the possible nonlinear effects of clinical variables, interaction of clinical variables, and interaction of clinical variables with sociodemographic variables on the log odds of having DR. Furthermore, to improve intervention strategies similar studies should be conducted across the country.

Dataset Information

Pre-existing diabetic retinopathy as a prognostic factor for COVID-19 outcomes amongst people with diabetes: A systematic review.

Aims

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Pre-existing diabetic retinopathy as a prognostic factor for COVID-19 outcomes amongst people with diabetes: A systematic review.

Similar Datasets

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