Smart network based portfolios.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Supplementary information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10479-022-04675-7.
SUBMITTER: Clemente GP
PROVIDER: S-EPMC8995926 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description:Medical innovation has a profound impact on public health, and it is always of social concern to encourage innovation and enhance the value in health care delivery. Based on a sample of China's listed firms in the medical industry from 2007 to 2018, this paper highlights the independent and mixed roles of informatization and high-speed rail in public medical innovation. The results show that informatization at network space and high-speed rail at physical space effectively promote the innovation of medical enterprises. In addition, "online" information technology and "offline" high-speed rail technology have a synergistic effect on medical innovation, especially in areas with a low level of innovation. The conclusion supports the positive significance of technology in the application of public health and proposes that the construction of smart society is very important to public health.
| S-EPMC7312476 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCollaborative privacy-preserving modeling across several healthcare institutions allows for the construction of more generalizable predictive models while protecting patient privacy.ObjectiveWe aim at addressing the site availability issue on a hierarchical network by designing an immutable/transparent/source-verifiable quorum mechanism.MethodsWe developed an approach to combine a hierarchical learning algorithm, a novel Proof-of-Quorum (PoQ) consensus protocol, and a design of blockchain smart contracts. We constructed QuorumChain as an example and evaluated the scenarios of site-unavailability during the initialization and/or iteration phases of the modeling process on three healthcare/genomic datasets.ResultsWhen one or more sites would become unavailable, HierarchicalChain could not function, whereas QuorumChain improved predictive correctness significantly (the full Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve, or AUC, improved from 0.068 to 0.441, all with p-values < 0.001).ConclusionBy constructing a quorum to continue the modeling process, QuorumChain possesses the capability to tackle the situation of sites being unavailable. It inherits the capability of learning on network-of-networks, improves learning continuity, and provides data/software immutability, transparency, and provenance, which can be important in expediting clinical research.
| S-EPMC9984225 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We consider the problem of portfolio selection within the classical Markowitz mean-variance framework, reformulated as a constrained least-squares regression problem. We propose to add to the objective function a penalty proportional to the sum of the absolute values of the portfolio weights. This penalty regularizes (stabilizes) the optimization problem, encourages sparse portfolios (i.e., portfolios with only few active positions), and allows accounting for transaction costs. Our approach recovers as special cases the no-short-positions portfolios, but does allow for short positions in limited number. We implement this methodology on two benchmark data sets constructed by Fama and French. Using only a modest amount of training data, we construct portfolios whose out-of-sample performance, as measured by Sharpe ratio, is consistently and significantly better than that of the naïve evenly weighted portfolio.
| S-EPMC2718382 | biostudies-literature
Project description:INTRODUCTION:Portfolio-based assessments require that learners' competence development is adequately reflected in portfolio documentation. This study explored how students select and document performance data in their portfolios and how they perceive these data to be representative for their competence development. METHODS:Students uploaded performance data in a competency-based portfolio. During one clerkship period, twelve students also recorded an audio diary in which they reflected on experiences and feedback that they perceived to be indicants of their competence development. Afterwards, these students were interviewed to explore the extent to which the performance documentation in the portfolio corresponded with what they considered illustrative evidence of their development. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS:Portfolios provide an accurate but fragmented picture of student development. Portfolio documentation was influenced by tensions between learning and assessment, student beliefs about the goal of portfolios, student performance evaluation strategies, the learning environment and portfolio structure. DISCUSSION:This study confirms the importance of taking student perceptions into account when implementing a competency-based portfolio. Students would benefit from coaching on how to select meaningful experiences and performance data for documentation in their portfolios. Flexibility in portfolio structure and requirements is essential to ensure optimal fit between students' experienced competence development and portfolio content.
| S-EPMC7283408 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We study the relationship between the performance of firms and their technological portfolios using tools borrowed from complexity science. In particular, we ask whether the accumulation of knowledge and capabilities associated with a coherent set of technologies leads firms to experience advantages in terms of productive efficiency. To this end, we analyze both the balance sheets and the patenting activity of about 70 thousand firms that have filed at least one patent over the period 2004-2013. We define a measure of corporate coherent diversification, based on the bipartite network linking companies with the technological fields in which they patent, and relate it to firm performance in terms of labor productivity. Our measure favors technological portfolios that can be decomposed into large blocks of closely related fields over portfolios with the same breadth of scope, but a more scattered diversification structure. We find that the coherent diversification of firms is quantitatively related with their economic performance and captures relevant information about their productive structure. In particular, we prove on a statistical basis that a naive definition of technological diversification can explain labor productivity only as a proxy of size and coherent diversification. This approach can be used to investigate possible synergies within firms and to recommend viable partners for mergers and acquisitions.
| S-EPMC6786614 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Investors are presented with a multitude of options and markets for pursuing higher returns, a task that often proves complex and challenging. This study examines the effectiveness of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms in optimizing investment portfolios, comparing their performance with traditional strategies and benchmarking against American and Brazilian indices. Additionally, it was explore the impact of incorporating commodity derivatives into portfolios and the associated transaction costs. The results indicate that the inclusion of derivatives can significantly enhance portfolio performance while reducing volatility, presenting an attractive opportunity for investors. RL techniques also demonstrate superior effectiveness in portfolio optimization, resulting in an average increase of 12% in returns without a commensurate increase in risk. Consequently, this research makes a substantial contribution to the field of finance. It not only sheds light on the application of RL but also provides valuable insights for academia. Furthermore, it challenges conventional notions of market efficiency and modern portfolio theory, offering practical implications. It suggests that data-driven investment management holds the potential to enhance efficiency, mitigate conflicts of interest, and reduce biased decision-making, thereby transforming the landscape of financial investment.
| S-EPMC10773882 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In smart parking environments, how to choose suitable parking facilities with various attributes to satisfy certain criteria is an important decision issue. Based on the multiple attributes decision making (MADM) theory, this study proposed a smart parking guidance algorithm by considering three representative decision factors (i.e., walk duration, parking fee, and the number of vacant parking spaces) and various preferences of drivers. In this paper, the expected number of vacant parking spaces is regarded as an important attribute to reflect the difficulty degree of finding available parking spaces, and a queueing theory-based theoretical method was proposed to estimate this expected number for candidate parking facilities with different capacities, arrival rates, and service rates. The effectiveness of the MADM-based parking guidance algorithm was investigated and compared with a blind search-based approach in comprehensive scenarios with various distributions of parking facilities, traffic intensities, and user preferences. Experimental results show that the proposed MADM-based algorithm is effective to choose suitable parking resources to satisfy users' preferences. Furthermore, it has also been observed that this newly proposed Markov Chain-based availability attribute is more effective to represent the availability of parking spaces than the arrival rate-based availability attribute proposed in existing research.
| S-EPMC5728560 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We document a link between the relational diversity of one's social portfolio-the richness and evenness of relationship types across one's social interactions-and well-being. Across four distinct samples, respondents from the United States who completed a preregistered survey (n = 578), respondents to the American Time Use Survey (n = 19,197), respondents to the World Health Organization's Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (n = 10,447), and users of a French mobile application (n = 21,644), specification curve analyses show that the positive relationship between social portfolio diversity and well-being is robust across different metrics of well-being, different categorizations of relationship types, and the inclusion of a wide range of covariates. Over and above people's total amount of social interaction and the diversity of activities they engage in, the relational diversity of their social portfolio is a unique predictor of well-being, both between individuals and within individuals over time.
| S-EPMC9618086 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In this work, an artificial intelligence network-based smart camera system prototype, which tracks social distance using a bird's-eye perspective, has been developed. "MobileNet SSD-v3", "Faster-R-CNN Inception-v2", "Faster-R-CNN ResNet-50" models have been utilized to identify people in video sequences. The final prototype based on the Faster R-CNN model is an integrated embedded system that detects social distance with the camera. The software developed using the "Nvidia Jetson Nano" development kit and Raspberry Pi camera module calculates all necessary actions in itself, detects social distance violations, makes audible and light warnings, and reports the results to the server. It is predicted that the developed smart camera prototype can be integrated into public spaces within the "sustainable smart cities," the scope that the world is on the verge of a change.
| S-EPMC9760412 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The development of conceptual models of a digital city poses numerous challenges for developers. The public sector concept model has become one of the most difficult models to use. When developing algorithms to find a solution, the multidirectional interests of businesses and public institutions are combined. This type of model reflects the most acute and urgent problems faced by megapolises with regard to combining numerous localized services provided to the community in a limited territory. The administrations of both cities and regions (the scale of the smart territories) must make decisions concerning overcoming the barriers existing between the profits of commercial structures, the negative externalities generated by their activities, and the social benefits to the population in the territory under their control. It is necessary to solve this problem to achieve the effective management of enterprises belonging to the segment of long-term participants in various business activities, interacting with the surrounding social and business environment in a complex. This study takes into account the complex structures of the economic processes characteristic of megacities. The periodicity of economic processes is also taken into account. When choosing an optimization criterion, functions reflecting the level of internalization of responsibility for external effects were considered. The authors propose a mathematical model that can be used as part of the management decision support systems software, aiming at taking into account the externalities of a wide range of national, institutional, business, and social activities.
| S-EPMC9171296 | biostudies-literature