Dataset Information

Association of Perceived Job Insecurity With Subsequent Memory Function and Decline Among Adults 55 Years or Older in England and the US, 2006 to 2016.

ABSTRACT:

Importance

Intensified global economic competition and recent financial crises, including those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, have contributed to uncertainty about job security. However, little is known about the association of perceived job insecurity with memory function and decline among older adults.

Objectives

To investigate the association between perceived job insecurity and subsequent memory function and rate of memory decline among older adults in the US and England.

Design, setting, and participants

This 10-year prospective population-based cohort study used data from the US Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) collected from 2006 to 2016. Participants included 9538 adults 55 years or older. Data were analyzed from August 1 to 31, 2021.

Exposures

Perceived job insecurity (yes vs no) at baseline.

Main outcomes and measures

Episodic memory z scores at baseline and rate of decline during the follow-up.

Results

Among the 9538 study participants, the mean (SD) age at baseline was 60.97 (6.06) years, and 4981 (52.22%) were women. A total of 2320 participants (24.32%) reported job insecurity at baseline (1088 of 3949 [27.55%] in England and 1232 of 5589 [22.04%] in the US). Perceived job insecurity after 55 years of age was associated with lower baseline memory z scores in the fully adjusted model (β = -0.04 [95% CI, -0.08 to -0.01]) but not with rate of memory decline (β = 0.01 [95% CI, -0.01 to 0.01]). The association appeared to be stronger in the US than in England (job insecurity × US, β = -0.05 [95% CI, -0.11 to 0.02]), but the estimate was imprecise, potentially owing to low statistical power.

Conclusions and relevance

The findings of this cohort study suggest that exposure to job insecurity in middle to late life was associated with worse memory function among older adults in the US and England. This association may vary across socioeconomic and social welfare contexts, although future studies with large samples from diverse socioeconomic settings are warranted.

SUBMITTER: Yu X

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9008497 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Association of Perceived Job Insecurity With Subsequent Memory Function and Decline Among Adults 55 Years or Older in England and the US, 2006 to 2016.

Yu Xuexin X Langa Kenneth M KM Cho Tsai-Chin TC Kobayashi Lindsay C LC

JAMA network open 20220401 4

<h4>Importance</h4>Intensified global economic competition and recent financial crises, including those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, have contributed to uncertainty about job security. However, little is known about the association of perceived job insecurity with memory function and decline among older adults.<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the association between perceived job insecurity and subsequent memory function and rate of memory decline among older adults in the US and Engl ...[more]

PMID: 35416992

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Project description:OBJECTIVE:To assess trends in 30-day emergency readmission rates across England over one decade. DESIGN:Retrospective study design. SETTING:150 non-specialist hospital trusts in England. PARTICIPANTS:23 069 134 patients above 18 years of age who were readmitted following an initial admission (n=62 584 297) between April 2006 and February 2016. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES:We examined emergency admissions that occurred within 30 days of discharge from hospital ('emergency readmissions') as a measure of healthcare quality. Presented are overall readmission rates, and disaggregated by the nature of the indexed admission, including whether it was elective or emergency, and by clinical health condition recorded. All rates were risk-adjusted for patient age, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, comorbidities and length of stay. RESULTS:The average risk-adjusted, 30-day readmission rate increased from 6.56% in 2006/2007 to 6.76% (P<0.01) in 2012/2013, followed by a small decrease to 6.64% (P<0.01) in 2015/2016. Emergency readmissions for patients discharged following elective procedures decreased by 0.13% (P<0.05), whereas those following emergency admission increased by 1.27% (P<0.001). Readmission rates for hip or knee replacements decreased (-1.29%; P<0.001); for acute myocardial infarction (-0.04%; P<0.49), stroke (+0.62%; P<0.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (+0.41%; P<0.05) and heart failure (+0.15%; P<0.05) remained stable; and for pneumonia (+2.72%; P<0.001), diabetes (+7.09%; P<0.001), cholecystectomy (+1.86%; P<0.001) and hysterectomy (+2.54%; P<0.001) increased. CONCLUSIONS:Overall, emergency readmission rates in England remained relatively stable across the observation period, with trends of slight increases contained post 2012/2013. However, there were large variations in trends across clinical areas, with some experiencing marked increases in readmission rates. This highlights the need to better understand variations in outcomes across clinical subgroups to allow for targeted interventions that will ensure highest standards of care provided for all patients.

Dataset Information

Association of Perceived Job Insecurity With Subsequent Memory Function and Decline Among Adults 55 Years or Older in England and the US, 2006 to 2016.

Importance

Objectives

Design, setting, and participants

Exposures

Main outcomes and measures

Results

Conclusions and relevance

Publications

Association of Perceived Job Insecurity With Subsequent Memory Function and Decline Among Adults 55 Years or Older in England and the US, 2006 to 2016.

Similar Datasets

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