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Jet stream position explains regional anomalies in European beech forest productivity and tree growth.

ABSTRACT: The mechanistic pathways connecting ocean-atmosphere variability and terrestrial productivity are well-established theoretically, but remain challenging to quantify empirically. Such quantification will greatly improve the assessment and prediction of changes in terrestrial carbon sequestration in response to dynamically induced climatic extremes. The jet stream latitude (JSL) over the North Atlantic-European domain provides a synthetic and robust physical framework that integrates climate variability not accounted for by atmospheric circulation patterns alone. Surface climate impacts of north-south summer JSL displacements are not uniform across Europe, but rather create a northwestern-southeastern dipole in forest productivity and radial-growth anomalies. Summer JSL variability over the eastern North Atlantic-European domain (5-40E) exerts the strongest impact on European beech, inducing anomalies of up to 30% in modelled gross primary productivity and 50% in radial tree growth. The net effects of JSL movements on terrestrial carbon fluxes depend on forest density, carbon stocks, and productivity imbalances across biogeographic regions.

SUBMITTER: Dorado-Linan I

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9018849 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Jet stream position explains regional anomalies in European beech forest productivity and tree growth.

Dorado-Liñán Isabel I Ayarzagüena Blanca B Babst Flurin F Xu Guobao G Gil Luis L Battipaglia Giovanna G Buras Allan A Čada Vojtěch V Camarero J Julio JJ Cavin Liam L Claessens Hugues H Drobyshev Igor I Garamszegi Balázs B Grabner Michael M Hacket-Pain Andrew A Hartl Claudia C Hevia Andrea A Janda Pavel P Jump Alistair S AS Kazimirovic Marko M Keren Srdjan S Kreyling Juergen J Land Alexander A Latte Nicolas N Levanič Tom T van der Maaten Ernst E van der Maaten-Theunissen Marieke M Martínez-Sancho Elisabet E Menzel Annette A Mikoláš Martin M Motta Renzo R Muffler Lena L Nola Paola P Panayotov Momchil M Petritan Any Mary AM Petritan Ion Catalin IC Popa Ionel I Prislan Peter P Roibu Catalin-Constantin CC Roibu Catalin-Constantin CC Rydval Miloš M Sánchez-Salguero Raul R Scharnweber Tobias T Stajić Branko B Svoboda Miroslav M Tegel Willy W Teodosiu Marius M Toromani Elvin E Trotsiuk Volodymyr V Turcu Daniel-Ond DO Weigel Robert R Wilmking Martin M Zang Christian C Zlatanov Tzvetan T Trouet Valerie V

Nature communications 20220419 1

The mechanistic pathways connecting ocean-atmosphere variability and terrestrial productivity are well-established theoretically, but remain challenging to quantify empirically. Such quantification will greatly improve the assessment and prediction of changes in terrestrial carbon sequestration in response to dynamically induced climatic extremes. The jet stream latitude (JSL) over the North Atlantic-European domain provides a synthetic and robust physical framework that integrates climate varia ...[more]

PMID: 35440102

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Project description:Forest structural complexity can mediate the light and water distribution within forest canopies, and has a direct impact on forest biodiversity and carbon storage capability. It is believed that increases in forest structural complexity can enhance tree species diversity and forest productivity, but inconsistent relationships among them have been reported. Here, we quantified forest structural complexity in three aspects (i.e., horizontal, vertical, and internal structural complexity) from unmanned aerial vehicle light detection and ranging data, and investigated their correlations with tree species diversity and forest productivity by incorporating field measurements in three forest biomes with large latitude gradients in China. Our results show that internal structural complexity had a stronger correlation (correlation coefficient = 0.85) with tree species richness than horizontal structural complexity (correlation coefficient = -0.16) and vertical structural complexity (correlation coefficient = 0.61), and it was the only forest structural complexity attribute having significant correlations with both tree species richness and tree species evenness. A strong scale effect was observed in the correlations among forest structural complexity, tree species diversity, and forest productivity. Moreover, forest internal structural complexity had a tight positive coordinated contribution with tree species diversity to forest productivity through structure equation model analysis, while horizontal and vertical structural complexity attributes have insignificant or weaker coordinated effects than internal structural complexity, which indicated that the neglect of forest internal structural complexity might partially lead to the current inconsistent observations among forest structural complexity, tree species diversity, and forest productivity. The results of this study can provide a new angle to understand the observed inconsistent correlations among forest structural complexity, tree species diversity, and forest productivity.

Project description:BackgroundThe tick Ixodes ricinus is an important vector of tick-borne diseases including Lyme borreliosis. In continental Europe, the nymphal stage of I. ricinus often has a bimodal phenology with a large spring peak and a smaller fall peak. There is consensus about the origin of the spring nymphal peak, but there are two alternative hypotheses for the fall nymphal peak. In the direct development hypothesis, larvae quest as nymphs in the fall of the same year that they obtained their larval blood meal. In the developmental diapause hypothesis, larvae overwinter in the engorged state and quest as nymphs one year after they obtained their larval blood meal. These two hypotheses make different predictions about the time lags that separate the larval blood meal and the density of questing nymphs (DON) in the spring and fall.MethodsInter-annual variation in seed production (masting) by deciduous trees is a time-lagged index for the density of vertebrate hosts (e.g., rodents) which provide blood meals for larval ticks. We used a long-term data set on the masting of the European beech tree and a 15-year study on the DON at 4 different elevation sites in western Switzerland to differentiate between the two alternative hypotheses for the origin of the fall nymphal peak.ResultsQuesting I. ricinus nymphs had a bimodal phenology at the three lower elevation sites, but a unimodal phenology at the top elevation site. At the lower elevation sites, the DON in the fall was strongly correlated with the DON in the spring of the following year. The inter-annual variation in the densities of I. ricinus nymphs in the fall and spring was best explained by a 1-year versus a 2-year time lag with the beech tree masting index. Fall nymphs had higher fat content than spring nymphs indicating that they were younger. All these observations are consistent with the direct development hypothesis for the fall peak of I. ricinus nymphs at our study site. Our study provides new insight into the complex bimodal phenology of this important disease vector.ConclusionsPublic health officials in Europe should be aware that following a strong mast year, the DON will increase 1 year later in the fall and 2 years later in the spring. Studies of I. ricinus populations with a bimodal phenology should consider that the spring and fall peak in the same calendar year represent different generations of ticks.

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Jet stream position explains regional anomalies in European beech forest productivity and tree growth.

Publications

Jet stream position explains regional anomalies in European beech forest productivity and tree growth.

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