Dataset Information

First-generation BNT162b2 and AZD1222 vaccines protect from COVID-19 pneumonia during the Omicron variant emergence.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

This study aimed to identify factors predicting pneumonia in adults with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) emergence. We also evaluated, in fully vaccinated (BNT162b2 or AZD1222) individuals, if the time (<6 or ≥6 months) elapsed since the last shot was received was associated with the risk of severe illness.

Study design

A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Mexico.

Methods

Data from 409,493 were analyzed, and risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed through generalized linear models.

Results

We documented a total of 3513 COVID-19 pneumonia cases (69.5 per 100,000 person-days). In multiple analyses, a protective effect was observed in vaccinated adults (RR = 0.996, 95% CI 0.995-0.997). Male gender, increasing age, and smoking were associated with a greater risk of pneumonia. Individuals with chronic comorbidities (pulmonary obstructive disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, kidney disease, and immunosuppression) were also at higher risk. Among fully vaccinated subjects (n = 166,869), those who had received the last shot at 6 more months were at increased risk for developing pneumonia (RR = 1.002, 95% CI 1.001-1.003).

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the first-generation BNT162b2 and AZD1222 vaccines reduce the risk of COVID-19 pneumonia during the Omicron emergence. We also found that adults with longer interval from the administration of the second shot to illness onset were at increased risk of severe manifestations.

SUBMITTER: Murillo-Zamora E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9020510 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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