Dataset Information

Limited Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Acyclic Oxygenated Volatile Chemical Products.

ABSTRACT: Volatile chemical products (VCPs) have recently been identified as potentially important unconventional sources of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), in part due to the mitigation of conventional emissions such as vehicle exhaust. Here, we report measurements of SOA production in an oxidation flow reactor from a series of common VCPs containing oxygenated functional groups and at least one oxygen within the molecular backbone. These include two oxygenated aromatic species (phenoxyethanol and 1-phenoxy-2-propanol), two esters (butyl butyrate and butyl acetate), and four glycol ethers (carbitol, methyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, and hexyl carbitol). We measured gas- and particle-phase products with a suite of mass spectrometers and particle-sizing instruments. Only the aromatic VCPs produce SOA with substantial yields. For the acyclic VCPs, ether and ester functionality promotes fragmentation and hinders autoxidation, whereas aromatic rings drive SOA formation in spite of the presence of ether groups. Therefore, our results suggest that a potential strategy to reduce urban SOA from VCPs would be to reformulate consumer products to include less oxygenated aromatic compounds.

SUBMITTER: Humes MB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9022650 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Limited Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Acyclic Oxygenated Volatile Chemical Products.

Humes Mackenzie B MB Wang Mingyi M Kim Sunhye S Machesky Jo E JE Gentner Drew R DR Robinson Allen L AL Donahue Neil M NM Presto Albert A AA

Environmental science & technology 20220408 8

Volatile chemical products (VCPs) have recently been identified as potentially important unconventional sources of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), in part due to the mitigation of conventional emissions such as vehicle exhaust. Here, we report measurements of SOA production in an oxidation flow reactor from a series of common VCPs containing oxygenated functional groups and at least one oxygen within the molecular backbone. These include two oxygenated aromatic species (phenoxyethanol and 1-phe ...[more]

PMID: 35394777

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Project description:Volatile chemical products (VCPs) are an increasingly important source of anthropogenic reactive organic carbon (ROC) emissions. Among these sources are everyday items, such as personal care products, general cleaners, architectural coatings, pesticides, adhesives, and printing inks. Here, we develop VCPy, a new framework to model organic emissions from VCPs throughout the United States, including spatial allocation to regional and local scales. Evaporation of a species from a VCP mixture in the VCPy framework is a function of the compound-specific physiochemical properties that govern volatilization and the timescale relevant for product evaporation. We introduce two terms to describe these processes: evaporation timescale and use timescale. Using this framework, predicted national per capita organic emissions from VCPs are 9.5 kg per person per year (6.4 kg C per person per year) for 2016, which translates to 3.05 Tg (2.06 Tg C), making VCPs a dominant source of anthropogenic organic emissions in the United States. Uncertainty associated with this framework and sensitivity to select parameters were characterized through Monte Carlo analysis, resulting in a 95 % confidence interval of national VCP emissions for 2016 of 2.61-3.53 Tg (1.76-2.38 Tg C). This nationwide total is broadly consistent with the U.S. EPA's 2017 National Emission Inventory (NEI); however, county-level and categorical estimates can differ substantially from NEI values. VCPy predicts higher VCP emissions than the NEI for approximately half of all counties, with 5 % of all counties having greater than 55 % higher emissions. Categorically, application of the VCPy framework yields higher emissions for personal care products (150 %) and paints and coatings (25 %) when compared to the NEI, whereas pesticides (-54 %) and printing inks (-13 %) feature lower emissions. An observational evaluation indicates emissions of key species from VCPs are reproduced with high fidelity using the VCPy framework (normalized mean bias of -13 % with r =0.95). Sector-wide, the effective secondary organic aerosol yield and maximum incremental reactivity of VCPs are 5.3 % by mass and 1.58 gO3 g-1, respectively, indicating VCPs are an important, and likely to date underrepresented, source of secondary pollution in urban environments.

Dataset Information

Limited Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Acyclic Oxygenated Volatile Chemical Products.

Publications

Limited Secondary Organic Aerosol Production from Acyclic Oxygenated Volatile Chemical Products.

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