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Biological Control Activity of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Burkholderia contaminans AY001 against Tomato Fusarium Wilt and Bacterial Speck Diseases.

ABSTRACT: Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is not only enhancing plant growth, but also inducing resistance against a broad range of pathogens, thus providing effective strategies to substitute chemical products. In this study, Burkholderia contaminans AY001 (AY001) is isolated based on its broad-spectrum antifungal activity. AY001 not only inhibited fungal pathogen growth in dual culture and culture filtrate assays, but also showed various PGPR traits, such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, extracellular protease production, zinc solubilization and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis activities. Indeed, AY001 treatment significantly enhanced growth of tomato plants and enhanced resistance against two distinct pathogens, F. oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Real-time qPCR analyses revealed that AY001 treatment induced jasmonic acid/ethylene-dependent defense-related gene expression, suggesting its Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR)-eliciting activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of culture filtrate of AY001 revealed production of antimicrobial compounds, including di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and pyrrolo [1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione, hexahydro-3-(phenylmethyl). Taken together, our newly isolated AY001 showed promising PGPR and ISR activities in tomato plants, suggesting its potential use as a biofertilizer and biocontrol agent.

SUBMITTER: Heo AY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9028202 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:In the last century, the banana crop and industry experienced dramatic losses due to an epidemic of Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB), caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc) race 1. An even more dramatic menace is now feared due to the spread of Foc tropical race 4. Plant genetic resistance is generally considered as the most plausible strategy for controlling effectively such a devastating disease, as occurred for the first round of FWB epidemic. Nevertheless, with at least 182 articles published since 1970, biological control represents a large body of knowledge on FWB. Remarkably, many studies deal with biological control agents (BCAs) that reached the field-testing stage and even refer to high effectiveness. Some selected BCAs have been repeatedly assayed in independent trials, suggesting their promising value. Overall under field conditions, FWB has been controlled up to 79% by using Pseudomonas spp. strains, and up to 70% by several endophytes and Trichoderma spp. strains. Lower biocontrol efficacy (42-55%) has been obtained with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Bacillus spp., and non-pathogenic Fusarium strains. Studies on Streptomyces spp. have been mostly limited to in vitro conditions so far, with very few pot-experiments, and none conducted in the field. The BCAs have been applied with diverse procedures (e.g., spore suspension, organic amendments, bioformulations, etc.) and at different stages of plant development (i.e., in vitro, nursery, at transplanting, post-transplanting), but there has been no evidence for a protocol better than another. Nonetheless, new bioformulation technologies (e.g., nanotechnology, formulation of microbial consortia and/or their metabolites, etc.) and tailor-made consortia of microbial strains should be encouraged. In conclusion, the literature offers many examples of promising BCAs, suggesting that biocontrol can greatly contribute to limit the damage caused by FWB. More efforts should be done to further validate the currently available outcomes, to deepen the knowledge on the most valuable BCAs, and to improve their efficacy by setting up effective formulations, application protocols, and integrated strategies.

Project description:The endophytic bacterium Burkholderia contaminans NZ was isolated from jute, which is an important fiber-producing plant. This bacterium exhibits significant growth promotion activity in in vivo pot experiments, and like other plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria fixes nitrogen, produces indole acetic acid (IAA), siderophore, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. B. contaminans NZ is considered to exert a promising growth inhibitory effect on Macrophomina phaseolina, a phytopathogen responsible for infecting hundreds of crops worldwide. This study aimed to identify the possibility of B. contaminans NZ as a safe biocontrol agent and assess its effectiveness in suppressing phytopathogenic fungi, especially M. phaseolina. Co-culture of M. phaseolina with B. contaminans NZ on both solid and liquid media revealed appreciable growth suppression of M. phaseolina and its chromogenic aberration in liquid culture. Genome mining of B. contaminans NZ using NaPDoS and antiSMASH revealed gene clusters that displayed 100% similarity for cytotoxic and antifungal substances, such as pyrrolnitrin. GC-MS analysis of B. contaminans NZ culture extracts revealed various bioactive compounds, including catechol; 9,10-dihydro-12'-hydroxy-2'-methyl-5'-(phenylmethyl)- ergotaman 3',6',18-trione; 2,3-dihydro-3,5- dihydroxy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one; 1-(1,6-Dioxooctadecyl)- pyrrolidine; 9-Octadecenamide; and 2- methoxy- phenol. These compounds reportedly exhibit tyrosinase inhibitory, antifungal, and antibiotic activities. Using a more targeted approach, an RP-HPLC purified fraction was analyzed by LC-MS, confirming the existence of pyrrolnitrin in the B. contaminans NZ extract. Secondary metabolites, such as catechol and ergotaman, have been predicted to inhibit melanin synthesis in M. phaseolina. Thus, B. contaminans NZ appears to inhibit phytopathogens by apparently impairing melanin synthesis and other potential biochemical pathways, exhibiting considerable fungistatic activity.

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Biological Control Activity of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Burkholderia contaminans AY001 against Tomato Fusarium Wilt and Bacterial Speck Diseases.

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