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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Wheat MATE Genes Reveals Their Roles in Aluminium Tolerance.

ABSTRACT: The Multidrug and toxin efflux (MATE) gene family plays crucial roles in plant growth and development and response to adverse stresses. This work investigated the structural and evolutionary characteristics, expression profiling and potential functions involved in aluminium (Al) tolerance from a genome-wide level. In total, 211 wheat MATE genes were identified, which were classified into four subfamilies and unevenly distributed on chromosomes. Duplication analysis showed that fragments and tandem repeats played the main roles in the amplification of TaMATEs, and Type II functional disproportionation had a leading role in the differentiation of TaMATEs. TaMATEs had abundant Al resistance and environmental stress-related elements, and generally had a high expression level in roots and leaves and in response to Al stress. The 3D structure prediction by AlphaFold and molecular docking showed that six TaMATE proteins localised in the plasmalemma could combine with citrate via amino acids in the citrate exuding motif and other sites, and then transport citrate to soil to form citrate aluminium. Meanwhile, citrate aluminium formed in root cells might be transported to leaves by TaMATEs to deposit in vacuoles, thereby alleviating Al toxicity.

SUBMITTER: Duan W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9030646 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Wheat MATE Genes Reveals Their Roles in Aluminium Tolerance.

Duan Wenjing W Lu Fengkun F Cui Yue Y Zhang Junwei J Du Xuan X Hu Yingkao Y Yan Yueming Y

International journal of molecular sciences 20220416 8

The Multidrug and toxin efflux (MATE) gene family plays crucial roles in plant growth and development and response to adverse stresses. This work investigated the structural and evolutionary characteristics, expression profiling and potential functions involved in aluminium (Al) tolerance from a genome-wide level. In total, 211 wheat MATE genes were identified, which were classified into four subfamilies and unevenly distributed on chromosomes. Duplication analysis showed that frag ...[more]

PMID: 35457236

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Project description:Background and aimAluminium (Al(3+)) inhibits root growth of sensitive plant species and is a key factor that limits durum wheat (Triticum turgidum) production on acid soils. The aim of this study was to enhance the Al(3+) tolerance of an elite durum cultivar by introgression of a chromosomal fragment from hexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum) that possesses an Al(3+) tolerance gene.MethodsA 4D(4B) substitution line of durum wheat 'Langdon' was backcrossed to 'Jandaroi', a current semi-dwarf Australian durum. In the second backcross, using 'Jandaroi' as the recurrent parent, a seedling was identified where TaALMT1 on chromosome 4D was recombined with the Rht-B1b locus on chromosome 4B to yield an Al(3+)-tolerant seedling with a semi-dwarf habit. This seedling was used in a third backcross to generate homozygous sister lines with contrasting Al(3+) tolerances. The backcrossed lines were characterized and compared with selected cultivars of hexaploid wheat for their Al(3+) and Na(+) tolerances in hydroponic culture as well as in short-term experiments to assess their growth on acid soil.Key resultsAnalysis of sister lines derived from the third backcross showed that the 4D chromosomal fragment substantially enhanced Al(3+) tolerance. The ability to exclude Na(+) from leaves was also enhanced, indicating that the chromosomal fragment possessed the Kna1 salt tolerance locus. Although Al(3+) tolerance of seminal roots was enhanced in acid soil, the development of fine roots was not as robust as found in Al(3+)-tolerant lines of hexaploid wheat. Analysis of plant characteristics in the absence of Al(3+) toxicity showed that the introgressed fragment did not affect total grain yield but reduced the weight of individual grains.ConclusionsThe results show that it is possible to increase substantially the Al(3+) tolerance of an elite durum wheat cultivar by introgression of a 4D chromosomal fragment. Further improvements are possible, such as introducing additional genes to enhance the Al(3+) tolerance of fine roots and by eliminating the locus on the chromosomal fragment responsible for smaller grain weights.

Project description:Polyamines (PAs) play a critical role in growth and developmental processes and stress responses in plants. Polyamine oxidase (PAO) is a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)-dependent enzyme that plays a major role in PA catabolism. Here, for the first time, PAO genes in maize were screened for the whole genome-wide and nine ZmPAO genes were identified in this study, named as ZmPAO1-9. Based on structural characteristics and a comparison of phylogenetic relationships of PAO gene families from seven representative species, all nine PAO proteins in maize were categorized into three distinct subfamilies. Further, chromosome location and schematic structure revealed an unevenly distribution on chromosomes and evolutionarily conserved structure features of ZmPAO genes in maize, respectively. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis demonstrated that ZmPAO genes showed differential expression patterns at diverse developmental stages of maize, suggesting that these genes may play functional developmental roles in multiple tissues. Further, through qRT-PCR validation, these genes were confirmed to be responsive to heat, drought and salinity stress treatments in three various tissues, indicating their potential roles in abiotic stress responses. Eventually, to verify the biological function of ZmPAO genes, the transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing ZmPAO6 gene were constructed as a typical representative to explore functional roles in plants. The results demonstrated that overexpression of ZmPAO6 can confer enhanced heat tolerance through mediating polyamine catabolism in transgenic Arabidopsis, which might result in reduced H2O2 and MDA accumulation and alleviated chlorophyll degradation under heat stress treatment, indicating that ZmPAO6 may play a crucial role in enhancing heat tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis through the involvement in various physiological processes. Further, the expression analysis of related genes of antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) demonstrated that ZmPAO6 can enhance heat resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis through modulating heat-induced H2O2 accumulation in polyamine catabolism. Taken together, our results are the first to report the ZmPAO6 gene response to heat stress in plants and will serve to present an important theoretical basis for further unraveling the function and regulatory mechanism of ZmPAO genes in growth, development and adaptation to abiotic stresses in maize.

Dataset Information

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Wheat MATE Genes Reveals Their Roles in Aluminium Tolerance.

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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Wheat <i>MATE</i> Genes Reveals Their Roles in Aluminium Tolerance.

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