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Factors Predicting Practices in Prevention of COVID-19 and Impacts among Population in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

ABSTRACT: Background and objectives: The pandemic of COVID-19 is a global concern requiring urgent and effective action. However, the data on prevention practices and the impact of COVID-19 among the Thai population have not been clearly described. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, perception, practices, and factors predicting practices in the prevention of COVID-19 and to study the impact of COVID-19 on people’s livelihoods. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between April and November 2020. A questionnaire eliciting demographic data and information on knowledge, attitudes, perception, prevention practices, and impact of COVID-19 was given to 500 people who lived in Chiang Mai, and 480 usable questionnaires were returned, for a response rate of 96.0%. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression. Results: Less than half of the participants had a high level of knowledge (45.4%) about COVID-19. Most of them had a high level of attitudes (95.6%), perception (72.1%), and prevention practices (90.4%). Female (β = 0.11, p = 0.006), patient status (β = 0.17, p < 0.001), knowledge (β = −0.10, p = 0.020), attitudes (β = 0.37, p < 0.001), and perception (β = 0.21, p < 0.001) about COVID-19 prevention were the predicting factors for overall prevention practices (R2 = 0.288). Most participants perceived the overall impact of COVID-19 at moderate and high levels (47.1 and 37.8%, respectively). The highest impact was an economic burden, followed by psychological, social, and physical impacts. Conclusions: Policymakers should enhance attitudes and perception about COVID-19 prevention to improve the COVID-19 prevention practices. This may help to reduce the new cases of COVID-19 and may result in reducing the impact of COVID-19 on people’s livelihoods.

SUBMITTER: Kasatpibal N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9031495 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Factors Predicting Practices in Prevention of COVID-19 and Impacts among Population in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Kasatpibal Nongyao N Oberdorfer Peninnah P Katip Wasan W Mektrirat Raktham R Wattananandkul Usanee U Thummathai Kwaunpanomporn K

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) 20220401 4

Background and objectives: The pandemic of COVID-19 is a global concern requiring urgent and effective action. However, the data on prevention practices and the impact of COVID-19 among the Thai population have not been clearly described. This study aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, perception, practices, and factors predicting practices in the prevention of COVID-19 and to study the impact of COVID-19 on people’s livelihoods. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed ...[more]

PMID: 35454344

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Project description:The COVID-19 pandemic affected the food supply chain, retailers, and consumers owing to infection awareness. This study evaluated the impacts COVID-19 on ASF retailers' businesses and consumers' livelihoods, as well as their knowledge toward the disease, attitudes, and food safety practices to prevent infections. The study includes a cross-sectional component that was conducted in urban/peri-urban (U/PU) and rural areas in Chiang Mai province. In another part of the study, a structured questionnaire was developed for animal source food (ASF) retailers and consumers, with three primary parts for data analysis: general information, COVID-19 impacts, and knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) assessment. Data corresponding to three periods of interest (before the COVID-19 outbreak, during partial lockdown, and present) were gathered and analyzed. In this study, 155 retailers and 150 consumers participated, of which the majority of the respondents were female (70.3% and 82.7%, respectively) with average ages of 47.4 and 44.9 years, respectively. The most noticeable effect of COVID-19 was a decline in income for retailers and consumers. The KAP scores of consumers in both areas were not significantly different, whereas the retailer attitudes toward COVID-19 prevention and food safety practices scored more highly in rural areas than in U/PU. During the partial lockdown, food safety practices significantly improved relative to the time preceding the outbreak, and these practices have remained constant to the present day. The results revealed that gender, age group, business type, and type of ASF retailers were associated with the KAP of the retailers, whereas gender, age group, education, number of family members, and occupation were associated with the KAP of the consumers. Our findings provide in-depth information about the effects of COVID-19 on ASF retailers and consumers, as well as their KAP regarding the outbreak and food safety, which may serve as support in developing policies for improved health and food safety.

Project description:BackgroundPeople who inject drugs (PWID) are the most exposed to hepatitis C virus (HCV). In Thailand, drug use is highly criminalized, and harm reduction services are scarce. This study estimates risky injection practices and assesses the proportion of HCV awareness and screening in the PWID population in Northern Thailand.MethodsWe used respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit PWID in Chiang Mai Province. Social and behavioural data were collected through face-to-face interviews at an addiction treatment facility. Weighted population estimates were calculated to limit biases related to the non-random sampling method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study factors associated with HCV awareness and screening.ResultsOne hundred seventy-one PWID were recruited between April 2016 and January 2017. Median age was 33 (Interquartile range: 26-40) years, 12.2% were women, and 49.4% belonged to a minority ethnic group. Among participants, 76.8% injected heroin, 20.7% methadone, and 20.7% methamphetamine. We estimate that 22.1% [95% CI: 15.7-28.6] of the population had shared needles in the last 6 months and that 32.0% [95% CI: 23.6-40.4] had shared injection material. Only 26.6% [95% CI: 17.6-35.6] had heard of HCV. Factors independently associated with knowledge of HCV included belonging to a harm reduction organization (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 5.5 [95% CI: 2.0-15.3]) and voluntary participation in a drug rehabilitation programme (aOR = 4.3 [95% CI: 1.3-13.9]), while Lahu ethnicity was negatively associated (aOR = 0.3 [95% CI: 0.1-0.9]). We estimate that 5% of the PWID population were screened for HCV; the only factor independently associated with being screened was membership of a harm reduction organization (aOR = 5.7 [95% CI: 1.6-19.9]).ConclusionOur study reveals that the PWID population is poorly informed and rarely screened for HCV, despite widespread risky injection practices. A public health approach aimed at reducing the incidence of HCV should target the PWID population and combine harm reduction measures with information and destigmatization campaigns. Civil society organizations working with PWID are a major asset for the success of such an approach, based on their current positive interventions promoting awareness of and screening for HCV.

Dataset Information

Factors Predicting Practices in Prevention of COVID-19 and Impacts among Population in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Publications

Factors Predicting Practices in Prevention of COVID-19 and Impacts among Population in Chiang Mai, Thailand.

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