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Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reveals Limited Infectious Virus Shedding and Restricted Tissue Distribution.


ABSTRACT:

Background

The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus.

Methods

We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varying stages of vaccination, including 6 fully vaccinated individuals.

Results

The durations of both infectious virus shedding and symptoms were significantly reduced in vaccinated individuals compared with unvaccinated individuals. We also observed that breakthrough infections are associated with strong tissue compartmentalization and are only detectable in saliva in some cases.

Conclusions

Vaccination shortens the duration of time of high transmission potential, minimizes symptom duration, and may restrict tissue dissemination.

SUBMITTER: Ke R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9047214 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Longitudinal Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Breakthrough Infections Reveals Limited Infectious Virus Shedding and Restricted Tissue Distribution.

Ke Ruian R   Martinez Pamela P PP   Smith Rebecca L RL   Gibson Laura L LL   Achenbach Chad J CJ   McFall Sally S   Qi Chao C   Jacob Joshua J   Dembele Etienne E   Bundy Camille C   Simons Lacy M LM   Ozer Egon A EA   Hultquist Judd F JF   Lorenzo-Redondo Ramon R   Opdycke Anita K AK   Hawkins Claudia C   Murphy Robert L RL   Mirza Agha A   Conte Madison M   Gallagher Nicholas N   Luo Chun Huai CH   Jarrett Junko J   Conte Abigail A   Zhou Ruifeng R   Farjo Mireille M   Rendon Gloria G   Fields Christopher J CJ   Wang Leyi L   Fredrickson Richard R   Baughman Melinda E ME   Chiu Karen K KK   Choi Hannah H   Scardina Kevin R KR   Owens Alyssa N AN   Broach John J   Barton Bruce B   Lazar Peter P   Robinson Matthew L ML   Mostafa Heba H HH   Manabe Yukari C YC   Pekosz Andrew A   McManus David D DD   Brooke Christopher B CB  

Open forum infectious diseases 20220413 7


<h4>Background</h4>The global effort to vaccinate people against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during an ongoing pandemic has raised questions about how vaccine breakthrough infections compare with infections in immunologically naive individuals and the potential for vaccinated individuals to transmit the virus.<h4>Methods</h4>We examined viral dynamics and infectious virus shedding through daily longitudinal sampling in 23 adults infected with SARS-CoV-2 at varyin  ...[more]

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