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Portable solid-state sensor for therapeutic monitoring of an antineoplastic drug; vinblastine in human plasma.

ABSTRACT: During cancer treatment, doses must be carefully administered and monitored to guarantee efficacy and minimize side-effects. A potentiometric sensor was developed for the direct real-time assay of a widely used antineoplastic drug (vinblastine (VB)) in plasma samples. Membrane cocktails were drop-casted over a glassy-carbon electrode coated with a lipophilic conducting polymer (polyaniline). The study investigated five cation exchangers, five plasticizers (of different polarities and dielectric constants), and four ionophores with different physicochemical characters on the sensor performance. The study substantiates a data-driven selection of the optimum membrane recipe. The latter included sodium tetraphenylborate as an ion exchanger, dioctylphthalate as a plasticizer, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as ionophore. The membrane proved a near-Nernstian slope of 37.5 mV per decade, a LOQ of 2.99 × 10^-6 M, and a stable fast response. The selectivity study proved poor responses to common physiological ions. The developed sensor was used for the determination of VB in its pure powder form, marketed formulation, and plasma samples. The fast and direct sensor response enables a wide range of applications in quality control laboratories and clinical studies.

SUBMITTER: Galal MM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9058239 | biostudies-literature | 2020 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Portable solid-state sensor for therapeutic monitoring of an antineoplastic drug; vinblastine in human plasma.

Galal Maha Mohammed MM Saad Ahmed Sayed AS

RSC advances 20201124 70

During cancer treatment, doses must be carefully administered and monitored to guarantee efficacy and minimize side-effects. A potentiometric sensor was developed for the direct real-time assay of a widely used antineoplastic drug (vinblastine (VB)) in plasma samples. Membrane cocktails were drop-casted over a glassy-carbon electrode coated with a lipophilic conducting polymer (polyaniline). The study investigated five cation exchangers, five plasticizers (of different polarities and dielectric ...[more]

PMID: 35514918

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Project description:BACKGROUND: Therapeutic drug monitoring of phenytoin by measurement of plasma concentrations is often employed to optimize clinical efficacy while avoiding adverse effects. This is most commonly accomplished by measurement of total phenytoin plasma concentrations. However, total phenytoin levels can be misleading in patients with factors such as low plasma albumin that alter the free (unbound) concentrations of phenytoin. Direct measurement of free phenytoin concentrations in plasma is more costly and time-consuming than determination of total phenytoin concentrations. An alternative to direct measurement of free phenytoin concentrations is use of the Sheiner-Tozer equation to calculate an adjusted phenytoin that corrects for the plasma albumin concentration. Innovative medical informatics tools to identify patients who would benefit from adjusted phenytoin calculations or from laboratory measurement of free phenytoin are needed to improve safety and efficacy of phenytoin pharmacotherapy. The electronic medical record for an academic medical center was searched for the time period from August 1, 1996 to November 30, 2010 for patients who had total phenytoin and free phenytoin determined on the same blood draw, and also a plasma albumin measurement within 7 days of the phenytoin measurements. The measured free phenytoin plasma concentration was used as the gold standard. RESULTS: In this study, the standard Sheiner-Tozer formula for calculating an estimated (adjusted) phenytoin level more frequently underestimates than overestimates the measured free phenytoin relative to the respective therapeutic ranges. Adjusted phenytoin concentrations provided superior classification of patients than total phenytoin measurements, particularly at low albumin concentrations. Albumin plasma concentrations up to 7 days prior to total phenytoin measurements can be used for adjusted phenytoin concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that a measured free phenytoin should be obtained where possible to guide phenytoin dosing. If this is not feasible, then an adjusted phenytoin can supplement a total phenytoin concentration, particularly for patients with low plasma albumin.

Dataset Information

Portable solid-state sensor for therapeutic monitoring of an antineoplastic drug; vinblastine in human plasma.

Publications

Portable solid-state sensor for therapeutic monitoring of an antineoplastic drug; vinblastine in human plasma.

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