Dataset Information

Multivariate decomposition analysis of sex differences in functional difficulty among older adults based on Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

This study investigates the gender disparities in difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and explores its contributing factors among older adults in India.

Design

A cross-sectional study was conducted using country representative survey data.

Setting and participants

The present study uses the data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018. Participants included 15 098 male and 16 366 female older adults aged 60 years and above in India.

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Difficulty in ADL and IADL were the outcome variables. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were carried out to present the preliminary results. Multivariate decomposition analysis was used to identify the contributions of covariates that explain the group differences to average predictions.

Results

There was a significant gender differential in difficulty in ADL (difference: 4.6%; p value<0.001) and IADL (difference: 17.3%; p value<0.001). The multivariate analysis also shows significant gender inequality in difficulty in ADL (coefficient: 0.046; p value<0.001) and IADL (coefficient: 0.051; p value<0.001). The majority of the gender gap in difficulty in ADL was accounted by the male-female difference in levels of work status (18%), formal education (15% contribution), marital status (13%), physical activity (9%), health status (8%) and chronic morbidity prevalence (5%), respectively. Equivalently, the major contributors to the gender gap in difficulty in IADL were the level of formal education (28% contribution), marital status (10%), alcohol consumption (9%), health status (4% contribution) and chronic morbidity prevalence (2% contribution).

Conclusion

Due to the rapidly increasing ageing population, early detection and prevention of disability or preservation of daily functioning for older adults and women in particular should be the highest priority for physicians and health decision-makers.

SUBMITTER: Srivastava S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9058763 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Multivariate decomposition analysis of sex differences in functional difficulty among older adults based on Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018.

Srivastava Shobhit S Muhammad T T Paul Ronak R Thomas Arya Rachel AR

BMJ open 20220429 4

<h4>Objectives</h4>This study investigates the gender disparities in difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and explores its contributing factors among older adults in India.<h4>Design</h4>A cross-sectional study was conducted using country representative survey data.<h4>Setting and participants</h4>The present study uses the data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018. Participants included 15 098 male and 16 366 female ...[more]

PMID: 35487710

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Project description:BackgroundThe present study tries to provide a comprehensive estimate of gender differences in the years of life lost due to CVD across the major states of India during 2017-18.MethodsThe information on the CVD related data were collected from medical certification of causes of death (MCCD reports, 2018). Apart from this, information from census of India (2001, 2011), SRS (2018) were also used to estimate YLL. To understand the variation in YLL due to CVD at the state level, nine sets of covariates were chosen: share of elderly population, percentage of urban population, literacy rate, health expenditure, social sector expenditure, labour force participation, HDI Score and co-existence of other NCDs such as diabetes, & obesity. The absolute number of YLL and YLL rates were calculated. Further, Pearson's correlation had been calculated and to understand the effect of explanatory variables on YLL due to CVD, multiple linear regression analysis had been applied.ResultsMen have a higher burden of premature mortality in terms of Years of life lost (YLL) due to CVD than women in India, with pronounced differences at adult ages of 50-54 years and over. The age pattern of YLL rate suggests that the age group 85 + makes the highest contribution to the overall YLL rate due to CVD. YLL rate showed a J-shaped relationship with age, starting high at ages below 1 years, dropping to their lowest among children aged 1-4 years, and rising again to highest levels at 85 + years among both men and women. In all the states except Bihar men had higher estimated YLL due to CVD for all ages than women. Among men the YLL due to CVD was higher in Tamil Nadu followed by Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. On the other hand, the YLL due to CVD among men was lowest in Jharkhand followed by Assam. Similarly, among women the YLL due to CVD was highest in Tamil Nadu followed by Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. While, the YLL due to CVD among women was lowest in Jharkhand. Irrespective of gender, all factors except state health expenditure were positively linked with YLL due to CVD, i.e., as state health expenditure increases, the years of life lost (YLL) due to CVDs falls. Among all the covariates, the proportion of a state's elderly population emerges as the most significant predictor variable for YLL for CVDs (r = 0.42 for men and r = 0.50 for women).ConclusionYLL due to cardiovascular disease varies among men and women across the states of India. The state-specific findings of gender differences in years of life lost due to CVD may be used to improve policies and programmes in India.

Dataset Information

Multivariate decomposition analysis of sex differences in functional difficulty among older adults based on Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018.

Objectives

Design

Setting and participants

Primary and secondary outcome measures

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Multivariate decomposition analysis of sex differences in functional difficulty among older adults based on Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017-2018.

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