Dataset Information

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viremia Is Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Predicts Clinical Outcomes.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA (vRNA) is detected in the bloodstream of some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is not clear whether this RNAemia reflects viremia (ie, virus particles) and how it relates to host immune responses and outcomes.

Methods

SARS-CoV-2 vRNA was quantified in plasma samples from observational cohorts of 51 COVID-19 patients including 9 outpatients, 19 hospitalized (non-intensive care unit [ICU]), and 23 ICU patients. vRNA levels were compared with cross-sectional indices of COVID-19 severity and prospective clinical outcomes. We used multiple imaging methods to visualize virions in plasma.

Results

SARS-CoV-2 vRNA was detected in plasma of 100%, 52.6%, and 11.1% of ICU, non-ICU, and outpatients, respectively. Virions were detected in plasma pellets using electron tomography and immunostaining. Plasma vRNA levels were significantly higher in ICU > non-ICU > outpatients (P < .0001); for inpatients, plasma vRNA levels were strongly associated with higher World Health Organization (WHO) score at admission (P = .01), maximum WHO score (P = .002), and discharge disposition (P = .004). A plasma vRNA level >6000 copies/mL was strongly associated with mortality (hazard ratio, 10.7). Levels of vRNA were significantly associated with several inflammatory biomarkers (P < .01) but not with plasma neutralizing antibody titers (P = .8).

Conclusions

Visualization of virus particles in plasma indicates that SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia is due, at least in part, to viremia. The levels of SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia correlate strongly with disease severity, patient outcome, and specific inflammatory biomarkers but not with neutralizing antibody titers.

SUBMITTER: Jacobs JL

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9070832 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viremia Is Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Predicts Clinical Outcomes.

Jacobs Jana L JL Bain William W Naqvi Asma A Staines Brittany B Castanha Priscila M S PMS Yang Haopu H Boltz Valerie F VF Barratt-Boyes Simon S Marques Ernesto T A ETA Mitchell Stephanie L SL Methé Barbara B Olonisakin Tolani F TF Haidar Ghady G Burke Thomas W TW Petzold Elizabeth E Denny Thomas T Woods Chris W CW McVerry Bryan J BJ Lee Janet S JS Watkins Simon C SC St Croix Claudette M CM Morris Alison A Kearney Mary F MF Ladinsky Mark S MS Bjorkman Pamela J PJ Kitsios Georgios D GD Mellors John W JW

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20220501 9

<h4>Background</h4>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral RNA (vRNA) is detected in the bloodstream of some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but it is not clear whether this RNAemia reflects viremia (ie, virus particles) and how it relates to host immune responses and outcomes.<h4>Methods</h4>SARS-CoV-2 vRNA was quantified in plasma samples from observational cohorts of 51 COVID-19 patients including 9 outpatients, 19 hospitalized (non-intensive care ...[more]

PMID: 34374761

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Project description:BackgroundThe role of diet on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is emerging. We investigated the association between usual diet before the onset of the pandemic and risk and severity of subsequent SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsWe included 42,935 participants aged 55-99 y in 2 ongoing cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Study II and Health Professionals Follow-up Study, who completed a series of COVID-19 surveys in 2020 and 2021. Using data from FFQs before COVID-19, we assessed diet quality using the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010, the alternative Mediterranean Diet (AMED) score, an Empirical Dietary Index for Hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), and an Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Pattern (EDIP). We calculated multivariable-adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and severity of COVID-19 after controlling for demographic, medical, and lifestyle factors.ResultsAmong 19,754 participants tested for SARS-CoV-2, 1941 participants reported a positive result. Of these, 1327 reported symptoms needing assistance and another 109 were hospitalized. Healthier diets, represented by higher AHEI-2010 and AMED scores and lower EDIH and EDIP scores, were associated with lower likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection (quartile 4 compared with quartile 1: OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.69, 0.92 for AHEI-2010; OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.92 for AMED; OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.57 for EDIH; and OR: 1.13; 95% CI: 0.99, 1.30 for EDIP; all P-trend ≤ 0.01). In the analysis of COVID-19 severity, participants with healthier diet had lower likelihood of severe infection and were less likely to be hospitalized owing to COVID-19. However, associations were no longer significant after controlling for BMI and pre-existing medical conditions.ConclusionsDiet may be an important modifiable risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as for severity of COVID-19. This association is partially mediated by BMI and pre-existing medical conditions.

Dataset Information

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viremia Is Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Predicts Clinical Outcomes.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Viremia Is Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Severity and Predicts Clinical Outcomes.

Similar Datasets

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