Dataset Information

Protection of mRNA vaccines against hospitalized COVID-19 in adults over the first year following authorization in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Background

COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were authorized in the United States in December 2020. Although vaccine effectiveness (VE) against mild infection declines markedly after several months, limited understanding exists on the long-term durability of protection against COVID-19-associated hospitalization.

Methods

Case control analysis of adults (≥18 years) hospitalized at 21 hospitals in 18 states March 11 - December 15, 2021, including COVID-19 case patients and RT-PCR-negative controls. We included adults who were unvaccinated or vaccinated with two doses of a mRNA vaccine before the date of illness onset. VE over time was assessed using logistic regression comparing odds of vaccination in cases versus controls, adjusting for confounders. Models included dichotomous time (<180 vs ≥180 days since dose two) and continuous time modeled using restricted cubic splines.

Results

10,078 patients were included, 4906 cases (23% vaccinated) and 5172 controls (62% vaccinated). Median age was 60 years (IQR 46-70), 56% were non-Hispanic White, and 81% had ≥1 medical condition. Among immunocompetent adults, VE <180 days was 90% (95%CI: 88-91) vs 82% (95%CI: 79-85) at ≥180 days (p < 0.001). VE declined for Pfizer-BioNTech (88% to 79%, p < 0.001) and Moderna (93% to 87%, p < 0.001) products, for younger adults (18-64 years) [91% to 87%, p = 0.005], and for adults ≥65 years of age (87% to 78%, p < 0.001). In models using restricted cubic splines, similar changes were observed.

Conclusion

In a period largely pre-dating Omicron variant circulation, effectiveness of two mRNA doses against COVID-19-associated hospitalization was largely sustained through 9 months.

SUBMITTER: Tenforde MW

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9129194 | biostudies-literature | 2022 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Protection of Messenger RNA Vaccines Against Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Adults Over the First Year Following Authorization in the United States.

Tenforde Mark W MW Self Wesley H WH Zhu Yuwei Y Naioti Eric A EA Gaglani Manjusha M Ginde Adit A AA Jensen Kelly K Talbot H Keipp HK Casey Jonathan D JD Mohr Nicholas M NM Zepeski Anne A McNeal Tresa T Ghamande Shekhar S Gibbs Kevin W KW Files D Clark DC Hager David N DN Shehu Arber A Prekker Matthew E ME Erickson Heidi L HL Gong Michelle N MN Mohamed Amira A Johnson Nicholas J NJ Srinivasan Vasisht V Steingrub Jay S JS Peltan Ithan D ID Brown Samuel M SM Martin Emily T ET Monto Arnold S AS Khan Akram A Hough Catherine L CL Busse Laurence W LW Lohuis Caitlin Ten CT Duggal Abhijit A Wilson Jennifer G JG Qadir Nida N Chang Steven Y SY Mallow Christopher C Rivas Carolina C Babcock Hilary M HM Kwon Jennie H JH Exline Matthew C MC Botros Mena M MM Lauring Adam S AS Shapiro Nathan I NI Halasa Natasha N Chappell James D JD Grijalva Carlos G CG Rice Todd W TW Jones Ian D ID Stubblefield William B WB Baughman Adrienne A Womack Kelsey N KN Rhoads Jillian P JP Lindsell Christopher J CJ Hart Kimberly W KW Turbyfill Caitlin C Olson Samantha S Murray Nancy N Adams Katherine K Patel Manish M MM

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 20230201 3

<h4>Background</h4>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines were authorized in the United States in December 2020. Although vaccine effectiveness (VE) against mild infection declines markedly after several months, limited understanding exists on the long-term durability of protection against COVID-19-associated hospitalization.<h4>Methods</h4>Case-control analysis of adults (≥18 years) hospitalized at 21 hospitals in 18 states 11 March-15 December 2021, including COVID-1 ...[more]

PMID: 35580849

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