Dataset Information

Rates of Reversal of Volume Overload in Hospitalized Acute Heart Failure: Association With Long-term Kidney Function.

ABSTRACT:

Rationale & objective

Achievement of decongestion in acute heart failure (AHF) is associated with improved survival and cardiovascular outcomes but can be associated with acute declines in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We examined whether the rate of in-hospital decongestion is associated with longer term kidney function decline.

Study design

Post hoc analysis of trial data.

Settings & participants

Patients with ≥2 measures of kidney function (n = 3,500) from the Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure Outcome Study With Tolvaptan (EVEREST) trial.

Exposure

In-hospital rate of change in assessments of volume overload, including B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and clinical congestion score (0-12); and rate of change in hemoconcentration including measures of hematocrit, albumin, and total protein.

Outcome

Incident chronic kidney disease GFR category 4 or worse (chronic kidney disease [CKD] categories G4-G5; defined by a new eGFR of <30 mL/min/1.73 m²) and eGFR decline of >40%.

Analytical approach

Multivariable cause-specific hazards models.

Results

Over median 10-month follow-up period, faster decreases in volume overload and more rapid increases in hemoconcentration were associated with a decreased risk of incident CKD G4-G5 and eGFR decline of >40%. In adjusted analyses, for every 6% faster decline in BNP per week, there was a 32% lower risk of both incident CKD G4-G5 (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.58-0.79]) and eGFR decline of >40% (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.57-0.80]). For every 1% faster increase per week in absolute hematocrit, there was a lower risk for both incident CKD G4-G5 (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.64-0.84]) and eGFR decline of >40% (HR, 0.82 [95% CI, 0.71-0.95]), with results consistent for other biomarkers.

Limitations

Possibility of residual confounding.

Conclusions

These results provide reassurance that more rapid decongestion in patients with AHF does not increase the risk of adverse kidney outcomes in patients with heart failure.

SUBMITTER: McCallum W

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9135960 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Rates of Reversal of Volume Overload in Hospitalized Acute Heart Failure: Association With Long-term Kidney Function.

McCallum Wendy W Tighiouart Hocine H Testani Jeffrey M JM Griffin Matthew M Konstam Marvin A MA Udelson James E JE Sarnak Mark J MJ

American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 20211127 1

<h4>Rationale & objective</h4>Achievement of decongestion in acute heart failure (AHF) is associated with improved survival and cardiovascular outcomes but can be associated with acute declines in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We examined whether the rate of in-hospital decongestion is associated with longer term kidney function decline.<h4>Study design</h4>Post hoc analysis of trial data.<h4>Settings & participants</h4>Patients with ≥2 measures of kidney function (n = 3,500) from ...[more]

PMID: 34843844

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Project description:Current surgical management of volume overload-induced heart failure (HF) leads to variable recovery of left ventricular (LV) function despite a return of LV geometry. The mechanisms that prevent restoration of function are unknown but may be related to the timing of intervention and the degree of LV contractile impairment. This study determined whether reduction of aortocaval fistula (ACF)-induced LV volume overload during the compensatory stage of HF results in beneficial LV structural remodeling and restoration of pump function. Rats were subjected to ACF for 4 wk; a subset then received a load-reversal procedure by closing the shunt using a custom-made stent graft approach. Echocardiography or in vivo pressure-volume analysis was used to assess LV morphology and function in sham rats; rats subjected to 4-, 8-, or 15-wk ACF; and rats subjected to 4-wk ACF followed by 4- or 11-wk reversal. Structural and functional changes were correlated to LV collagen content, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and hypertrophic markers. ACF-induced volume overload led to progressive LV chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction. Rats subjected to short-term reversal (4-wk ACF + 4-wk reversal) exhibited improved chamber dimensions (LV diastolic dimension) and LV compliance that were associated with ECM remodeling and normalization of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides. Load-independent parameters indicated LV systolic (preload recruitable stroke work, Ees) and diastolic dysfunction (tau, arterial elastance). These changes were associated with an altered ?/?-myosin heavy chain ratio. However, these changes were normalized to sham levels in long-term reversal rats (4-wk ACF + 11-wk reversal). Acute hemodynamic changes following ACF reversal improve LV geometry, but LV dysfunction persists. Gradual restoration of function was related to normalization of eccentric hypertrophy, LV wall stress, and ECM remodeling. These results suggest that mild to moderate LV systolic dysfunction may be an important indicator of the ability of the myocardium to remodel following the reversal of hemodynamic overload.

Project description:Heart failure due to chronic volume overload (VO) in rats and humans is characterized by disorganization of the cardiomyocyte desmin/mitochondrial network. Here, we tested the hypothesis that desmin breakdown is an early and continuous process throughout VO. Male Sprague-Dawley rats had aortocaval fistula (ACF) or sham surgery and were examined 24 h and 4 and 12 wk later. Desmin/mitochondrial ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Protein and kinome analysis were performed in isolated cardiomyocytes, and desmin cleavage was assessed by mass spectrometry in left ventricular (LV) tissue. Echocardiography demonstrated a 40% decrease in the LV mass-to-volume ratio with spherical remodeling at 4 wk with ACF and LV systolic dysfunction at 12 wk. Starting at 24 h and continuing to 4 and 12 wk, with ACF there is TEM evidence of extensive mitochondrial clustering, IHC evidence of disorganization associated with desmin breakdown, and desmin protein cleavage verified by Western blot analysis and mass spectrometry. IHC results revealed that ACF cardiomyocytes at 4 and 12 wk had perinuclear translocation of αB-crystallin from the Z disk with increased α, β-unsaturated aldehyde 4-hydroxynonelal. Use of protein markers with verification by TUNEL staining and kinome analysis revealed an absence of cardiomyocyte apoptosis at 4 and 12 wk of ACF. Significant increases in protein indicators of mitophagy were countered by a sixfold increase in p62/sequestosome-1, which is indicative of an inability to complete autophagy. An early and continuous disruption of the desmin/mitochondrial architecture, accompanied by oxidative stress and inhibition of apoptosis and mitophagy, suggests its causal role in LV dilatation and systolic dysfunction in VO.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study provides new evidence of early onset (24 h) and continuous (4-12 wk) desmin misarrangement and disruption of the normal sarcomeric and mitochondrial architecture throughout the progression of volume overload heart failure, suggesting a causal link between desmin cleavage and mitochondrial disorganization and damage.

Dataset Information

Rates of Reversal of Volume Overload in Hospitalized Acute Heart Failure: Association With Long-term Kidney Function.

Rationale & objective

Study design

Settings & participants

Exposure

Outcome

Analytical approach

Results

Limitations

Conclusions

Publications

Rates of Reversal of Volume Overload in Hospitalized Acute Heart Failure: Association With Long-term Kidney Function.

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