Level and trend of total plasma cholesterol in national and subnational of Iran: a systematic review and age-spatio-temporal analysis from 1990 to 2016.
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ABSTRACT: Purpose
We aimed to estimate the level and trend of plasma cholesterol and raised total cholesterol (TC > 200 mg/dl) prevalence at national and subnational level of Iran.Methods
Nine national surveys and 27 studies, encompassing 3,505 unique points on over 500,000 adults, aged > 25 years with a report of laboratory measurement of TC were found. Age-spatio-temporal model and Gaussian Process Regression were used to estimate mean TC for each sex, 5-year age groups, and 31 provinces from 1990 to 2016.Results
At national level, age-standardized prevalence of TC > 200 mg/dL has decreased from 57·2%(53·3-61·1) to 22·4%(20·5-24·3) in women and 53·2%(49·1-57·3) to 18·0%(16·4-19·6) in men. TC distribution presented a condensation between 170-200 mg/dL. At subnational level, decreasing and converging patterns of raised TC prevalence were detected.Conclusion
The decrease in raised TC is likely the result of statin widespread use, food industry improvements, and the expanded primary health care.Supplementary information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-022-01052-w.
SUBMITTER: Mehdipour P
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9150051 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Level and trend of total plasma cholesterol in national and subnational of Iran: a systematic review and age-spatio-temporal analysis from 1990 to 2016.
Mehdipour Parinaz P Mohammadi Esmaeil E Sepanlou Sadaf G SG Ahmadvand Alireza A Peykari Niloofar N Djalalinia Shirin S Rezaei-Darzi Ehsan E Mohebi Farnam F Moradi Yousef Y Samaei Mehrnoosh M Khosravi Ardeshir A Jamshidi Hamidreza H Farzadfar Farshad F
Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders 20220530 2
<h4>Purpose</h4>We aimed to estimate the level and trend of plasma cholesterol and raised total cholesterol (TC > 200 mg/dl) prevalence at national and subnational level of Iran.<h4>Methods</h4>Nine national surveys and 27 studies, encompassing 3,505 unique points on over 500,000 adults, aged > 25 years with a report of laboratory measurement of TC were found. Age-spatio-temporal model and Gaussian Process Regression were used to estimate mean TC for each sex, 5-year age groups, and 31 provinces ...[more]
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Project description:BackgroundMental and behavioural disorders account for a large proportion of the burden of diseases in Iran. Identifying the pattern of change can help in policy making and provision of mental health services. We aimed to analyse the burden of mental disorders (excluding substance use disorders) in Iran at national and subnational levels with data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019.MethodsWe used data from 1990 to 2019 on anxiety disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder, conduct disorder, depressive disorders, eating disorders, idiopathic developmental intellectual disability, schizophrenia, and other mental disorders in Iran and its 31 provinces. We calculated total disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), age-standardised DALYs, and prevalence rates in 1990 and 2019, as well as the percentage change between these time periods.FindingsMental disorders accounted for 1 159 410 (4·6%) of 25 007 732 all-cause DALYs in Iran in 1990 and 2 053 871 (10·3%) of 19 828 721 in 2019. Although total DALYs for mental disorders increased by 77·1% (95% uncertainty interval 76·7 to 77·6%) during this period, age-standardised DALY rate increased by 1·8% (-4·1 to 7·7%). The overall patterns of change were similar at the subnational level as the national level, although the rates differed between provinces with a highest-to-lowest ratio of 1·22 for age-standardised DALY rates in 2019.InterpretationThe increase in the burden of mental disorders in Iran is higher than the general trend in the world. The slight change in age-standardised DALYs suggests that the increase is mainly attributable to changes in the size and structure of the population. Considering the absolute and relative increase in the burden of mental disorders during the past 30 years at national and provincial levels, there is an urgent need to address the determinants of mental health and upgrade mental health services across all levels of care in Iran.FundingBill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
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