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Single-cell analysis reveals X upregulation is not global in pre-gastrulation embryos.


ABSTRACT: In mammals, transcriptional inactivation of one X chromosome in female compensates for the dosage of X-linked gene expression between the sexes. Additionally, it is believed that the upregulation of active X chromosome in male and female balances the dosage of X-linked gene expression relative to autosomal genes, as proposed by Ohno. However, the existence of X chromosome upregulation (XCU) remains controversial. Here, we have profiled gene-wise dynamics of XCU in pre-gastrulation mouse embryos at single-cell level and found that XCU is dynamically linked with X chromosome inactivation (XCI); however, XCU is not global like XCI. Moreover, we show that upregulated genes are enriched with activating marks and have enhanced burst frequency. Finally, our In-silico model predicts that recruitment probabilities of activating factors and a surge of these factors upon X-inactivation trigger XCU. Altogether, our study provides significant insight into the gene-wise dynamics and mechanistic basis of XCU during early development and extends support for Ohno's hypothesis.

SUBMITTER: Naik HC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9189126 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Single-cell analysis reveals X upregulation is not global in pre-gastrulation embryos.

Naik Hemant Chandru HC   Hari Kishore K   Chandel Deepshikha D   Jolly Mohit Kumar MK   Gayen Srimonta S  

iScience 20220525 6


In mammals, transcriptional inactivation of one X chromosome in female compensates for the dosage of X-linked gene expression between the sexes. Additionally, it is believed that the upregulation of active X chromosome in male and female balances the dosage of X-linked gene expression relative to autosomal genes, as proposed by Ohno. However, the existence of X chromosome upregulation (XCU) remains controversial. Here, we have profiled gene-wise dynamics of XCU in pre-gastrulation mouse embryos  ...[more]

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