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A long-acting interleukin-7, rhIL-7-hyFc, enhances CAR T cell expansion, persistence, and anti-tumor activity.

ABSTRACT: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is routinely used to treat patients with refractory hematologic malignancies. However, a significant proportion of patients experience suboptimal CAR T cell cytotoxicity and persistence that can permit tumor cell escape and disease relapse. Here we show that a prototype pro-lymphoid growth factor is able to enhance CAR T cell efficacy. We demonstrate that a long-acting form of recombinant human interleukin-7 (IL-7) fused with hybrid Fc (rhIL-7-hyFc) promotes proliferation, persistence and cytotoxicity of human CAR T cells in xenogeneic mouse models, and murine CAR T cells in syngeneic mouse models, resulting in long-term tumor-free survival. Thus, rhIL-7-hyFc represents a tunable clinic-ready adjuvant for improving suboptimal CAR T cell activity.

SUBMITTER: Kim MY

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9192727 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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A long-acting interleukin-7, rhIL-7-hyFc, enhances CAR T cell expansion, persistence, and anti-tumor activity.

Kim Miriam Y MY Jayasinghe Reyka R Devenport Jessica M JM Ritchey Julie K JK Rettig Michael P MP O'Neal Julie J Staser Karl W KW Kennerly Krista M KM Carter Alun J AJ Gao Feng F Lee Byung Ha BH Cooper Matthew L ML DiPersio John F JF

Nature communications 20220613 1

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is routinely used to treat patients with refractory hematologic malignancies. However, a significant proportion of patients experience suboptimal CAR T cell cytotoxicity and persistence that can permit tumor cell escape and disease relapse. Here we show that a prototype pro-lymphoid growth factor is able to enhance CAR T cell efficacy. We demonstrate that a long-acting form of recombinant human interleukin-7 (IL-7) fused with hybrid Fc (rhIL-7-hyFc) ...[more]

PMID: 35697686

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Project description:BackgroundChimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has achieved remarkable remission in patients with B-cell malignancies. However, its efficacy in treating solid tumors remains limited. Here, we investigated a combination therapy approach using an engineered long-acting interleukin (IL)-7 (rhIL-7-hyFc or NT-I7) and CAR-T cells targeting three antigens, glypican-2 (GPC2), glypican-3 (GPC3), and mesothelin (MSLN), against multiple solid tumor types including liver cancer, neuroblastoma, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer in mice.MethodsCAR-T cells targeting GPC2, GPC3, and MSLN were used in combination with NT-I7 to assess the anticancer activity. Xenograft tumor models, including the liver cancer orthotopic model, were established using NOD scid gamma mice engrafted with cell lines derived from hepatocellular carcinoma, neuroblastoma, ovarian cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The mice were monitored by bioluminescence in vivo tumor imaging and tumor volume measurement using a caliper. Immunophenotyping of CAR-T cells on NT-I7 stimulation was evaluated for memory markers, exhaust markers, and T-cell signaling molecules by flow cytometry and western blotting.ResultsCompared with the IL-2 combination, preclinical evaluation of NT-I7 exhibited regression of solid tumors via enhanced occupancy of CD4+ CAR-T, improved T-cell expansion, reduced exhaustion markers (programmed cell death protein 1 or PD-1 and lymphocyte-activation gene 3 or LAG-3) expression, and increased generation of stem cell-like memory CAR-T cells. The STAT5 pathway was demonstrated to be downstream of NT-I7 signaling, mediated by increased expression of the IL-7 receptor expression in CAR-T cells. Furthermore, CAR-T cells improved efficacy against tumors with low antigen density when combined with NT-I7 in mice, presenting an avenue for patients with heterogeneous antigenic profiles.ConclusionThis study provides a rationale for NT-I7 plus CAR-T cell combination therapy for solid tumors in humans.

Dataset Information

A long-acting interleukin-7, rhIL-7-hyFc, enhances CAR T cell expansion, persistence, and anti-tumor activity.

Publications

A long-acting interleukin-7, rhIL-7-hyFc, enhances CAR T cell expansion, persistence, and anti-tumor activity.

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