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Comprehensive COMPARE database reduces allergenic risk of novel food proteins.

ABSTRACT: The comprehensiveness of the allergen database used to bioinformatically compare a novel food protein with known allergens is critical to the ability to assess the allergenic risk of newly expressed proteins in genetically engineered crops. The strength of the relationship between a candidate GE protein's amino acid sequence and that of known allergens is used to predict cross-reactive risk. The number of truly novel allergen sequences added annually to the COMPARE database reflects on the comprehensiveness of our knowledge of allergen amino acid sequence diversity. Here, we investigated the most recent five years of updates to the COMPARE allergen database for truly novel entries. Results indicate that few truly novel sequences are added each year, suggesting that the database and our knowledge of allergen sequence diversity is currently quite comprehensive, and that current in silico prediction of allergenic risk for novel food proteins is robust.

SUBMITTER: Herman RA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9196780 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Comprehensive COMPARE database reduces allergenic risk of novel food proteins.

Herman Rod A RA Song Ping P

GM crops & food 20221201 1

The comprehensiveness of the allergen database used to bioinformatically compare a novel food protein with known allergens is critical to the ability to assess the allergenic risk of newly expressed proteins in genetically engineered crops. The strength of the relationship between a candidate GE protein's amino acid sequence and that of known allergens is used to predict cross-reactive risk. The number of truly novel allergen sequences added annually to the COMPARE database reflects on the compr ...[more]

PMID: 35674136

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Project description:ImportanceEarlier egg and peanut introduction probably reduces risk of egg and peanut allergy, respectively, but it is uncertain whether food allergy as a whole can be prevented using earlier allergenic food introduction.ObjectiveTo investigate associations between timing of allergenic food introduction to the infant diet and risk of food allergy.Data sourcesIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL databases were searched for articles from database inception to December 29, 2022. Search terms included infant, randomized controlled trial, and terms for common allergenic foods and allergic outcomes.Study selectionRandomized clinical trials evaluating age at allergenic food introduction (milk, egg, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, wheat, peanuts, and soya) during infancy and immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy from 1 to 5 years of age were included. Screening was conducted independently by multiple authors.Data extraction and synthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guideline was used. Data were extracted in duplicate and synthesized using a random-effects model. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework was used to assess certainty of evidence.Main outcomes and measuresPrimary outcomes were risk of IgE-mediated allergy to any food from 1 to 5 years of age and withdrawal from the intervention. Secondary outcomes included allergy to specific foods.ResultsOf 9283 titles screened, data were extracted from 23 eligible trials (56 articles, 13 794 randomized participants). There was moderate-certainty evidence from 4 trials (3295 participants) that introduction of multiple allergenic foods from 2 to 12 months of age (median age, 3-4 months) was associated with reduced risk of food allergy (risk ratio [RR], 0.49; 95% CI, 0.33-0.74; I2 = 49%). Absolute risk difference for a population with 5% incidence of food allergy was -26 cases (95% CI, -34 to -13 cases) per 1000 population. There was moderate-certainty evidence from 5 trials (4703 participants) that introduction of multiple allergenic foods from 2 to 12 months of age was associated with increased withdrawal from the intervention (RR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.45-3.63; I2 = 89%). Absolute risk difference for a population with 20% withdrawal from the intervention was 258 cases (95% CI, 90-526 cases) per 1000 population. There was high-certainty evidence from 9 trials (4811 participants) that introduction of egg from 3 to 6 months of age was associated with reduced risk of egg allergy (RR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.46-0.77; I2 = 0%) and high-certainty evidence from 4 trials (3796 participants) that introduction of peanut from 3 to 10 months of age was associated with reduced risk of peanut allergy (RR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.19-0.51; I2 = 21%). Evidence for timing of introduction of cow's milk and risk of cow's milk allergy was very low certainty.Conclusions and relevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, earlier introduction of multiple allergenic foods in the first year of life was associated with lower risk of developing food allergy but a high rate of withdrawal from the intervention. Further work is needed to develop allergenic food interventions that are safe and acceptable for infants and their families.

Dataset Information

Comprehensive COMPARE database reduces allergenic risk of novel food proteins.

Publications

Comprehensive COMPARE database reduces allergenic risk of novel food proteins.

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