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Genital HPV infection among heterosexual and homosexual male attendees of sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Beijing, China.

ABSTRACT: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been identified as etiologic agent of various cancers for both men and women. However, HPV vaccine has not been recommended for men in China by far. To provide more evidences to promote HPV vaccination among males at high-risk of infection, this study investigated genital HPV genotypes among male attendees of sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic. Male attendees (⩾18 years old) were recruited from STD clinic of Beijing Ditan Hospital. Data on sociodemographic characteristics and self-reported sexual behaviors were collected based on questionnaire. Genital swab specimens were collected for HPV genotypes. Finally, a total of 198 eligible participants were included in the study. Nearly half of them were infected with at least one type of HPV. The prevalence of genital infection among participants with only heterosexual behaviors (50·91%, 56/110) was significantly higher than those with only homosexual behaviors (36·36%, 32/88) (P < 0·001). However, the distribution pattern of the most frequently observed HPV subtypes were found to be similar between these two subgroups. HPV31, HPV18, HPV16 and HPV58 were the most frequently identified high-risk types and HPV11, HPV6, HPV81 and HPV61 were the most frequently observed low-risk types. Our results, although need further verification by larger sample size, suggested that currently available HPV vaccines covered most prevalent HPV types observed in Chinese men. As HPV vaccine has been approved for application in females in China, molecular epidemiological studies and intervention studies among high-risk males should be promoted as well.

SUBMITTER: Xin HN

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9203430 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) causes cancers in men, including penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence, the genotypes, and the risk factors of HPV infections in the oral cavity, compared to those in the genitals, among males diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in Vietnam.MethodsOral, urinary, penile, and urethral samples were collected from 198 male Vietnamese patients with STIs (median age 31.0 years, range 17-68). HPV DNA was isolated and amplified with PCR, with modified and/or original GP5+/GP6+ primers. Samples were genotyped with a gene array assay and/or population sequencing.ResultsHPV DNA was detected in 69 (34.8%) of 198 patients. Of these, 16 patients (8.1%) had infections in the oral cavity and 58 (29.3%) had infections in the genitals (4.5% in the urine, 25.8% in the penis, and 8.1% in the urethra). The concordance of HPV infections between the oral cavity and the genitals was poor (kappa = 0.01). Of the 16 patients with oral HPV DNA, 11 (68.8%) had no HPV DNA in the genitals. In the remaining five patients, HPV DNA was found at both sites, but only one showed similar strains at both sites. In the other four patients, the HPV genotypes were completely discordant between these sites. HPV18 was the most common high-risk HPV genotype in both oral (9/16, 56.3%) and genital (10/58, 17.2%) sites. Multivariable analyses showed that older age (OR 1.05), higher education (OR 2.17), and no knowledge of STIs (OR 4.21) were independent risk factors for genital HPV infections; in contrast, only older age (OR 1.05) was an independent risk factor for oral HPV infections.ConclusionsThe low concordance of HPV genotypes between oral and genital infection sites suggested that the acquisition, persistence, and/or clearance of HPV infections were different between these sites. Although HPV DNA was detected significantly less frequently in oral samples than in genital samples, oral samples should also be used for HPV screening in men.

Project description:BackgroundStudies have demonstrated the role of ulcerative and non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infections (STI) in HIV transmission/acquisition risk; less is understood about the role of non-specific inflammatory genital abnormalities.MethodsHIV-discordant heterosexual Zambian couples were enrolled into longitudinal follow-up (1994-2012). Multivariable models estimated the effect of genital ulcers and inflammation in both partners on time-to-HIV transmission within the couple. Population-attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated.ResultsA total of 207 linked infections in women occurred over 2756 couple-years (7.5/100 CY) and 171 in men over 3216 CY (5.3/100 CY). Incident HIV among women was associated with a woman's non-STI genital inflammation (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.55; PAF = 8%), bilateral inguinal adenopathy (BIA; aHR = 2.33; PAF = 8%), genital ulceration (aHR = 2.08; PAF = 7%) and the man's STI genital inflammation (aHR = 3.33; PAF = 5%), BIA (aHR = 3.35; PAF = 33%) and genital ulceration (aHR = 1.49; PAF = 9%). Infection among men was associated with a man's BIA (aHR = 4.11; PAF = 22%) and genital ulceration (aHR = 3.44; PAF = 15%) as well as with the woman's non-STI genital inflammation (aHR = 1.92; PAF = 13%) and BIA (aHR = 2.76; PAF = 14%). In HIV-M+F- couples, the man being uncircumcised. with foreskin smegma. was associated with the woman's seroconversion (aHR = 3.16) relative to being circumcised. In F+M- couples, uncircumcised men with BIA had an increased hazard of seroconversion (aHR = 13.03 with smegma and 4.95 without) relative to being circumcised. Self-reporting of symptoms was low for ulcerative and non-ulcerative STIs.ConclusionsOur findings confirm the role of STIs and highlight the contribution of non-specific genital inflammation to both male-to-female and female-to-male HIV transmission/acquisition risk. Studies are needed to characterize pathogenesis of non-specific inflammation including inguinal adenopathy. A better understanding of genital practices could inform interventions.

Project description:ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of anal HPV infection, genotype distribution, intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) and correlates in a cohort of HIV-infected patients attending at Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) clinic in Brazil.Study designA descriptive analysis was performed which includes, demographic, behavioral and clinical data. Anal specimens from HIV-positive men and women were collected during a regular visit and they were used for cytology and histopathology tests, as well as for HPV molecular identification.ResultsA total of 223 patients (143 females and 80 males) were enrolled in the study and, HPV was identified in 68.6% of the sample. The frequency of HR-HPV, HPV16/18 and multiple HPV infection were similar in both groups. The upstream regulatory region (URR) sequencing was carried out in 38 samples identified as HPV16-positive, and European variants were the most frequent (69.2%), followed by Africans (25.6%) and Asiatic-Americans (5.1%). Having more than 20 sexual partners was associated with multiple HPV infection (p = 0.000) while, anal sex and the first intercourse before 15 years of age was a risk factor for any HPV infection (p = 0.001). Being MSM (men who have sex with men) was a risk factor for any HPV and multiple infections (p = 0.002). The CD4 count >500 cells/mm3 was a protective factor for the HPV16/18 (p = 0.048) and multiple infections (p = 0.023), and the undetectable viral load and HAART treatment were both protective for any HPV (p = 0.010), HR-HPV (p = 0.091) and multiple infections (p = 0.006). Abnormal anoscopy was found in 23.7% (53/223) of the total number of patients, and this was significantly associated with all types of investigated HPV infections (p<0.0001).ConclusionsIn this study, anal HPV infection was common among young HIV-positive men and women, particularly in MSM. Anal cancer screening in patients at risk, such as those who are HIV-positive, and mainly those with anal HPV infection and a history of STI, will increase the likelihood of detecting anal intraepithelial neoplasia.

Project description:BackgroundAttendees of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinics could also benefit from HPV vaccination. Healthcare providers' recommendation is the most effective published method in motivating HPV vaccination initiation. This study was to investigate practice of recommending HPV vaccination to attendees among healthcare providers (doctors and nurses) working in public STD clinics in Hong Kong, China.MethodParticipants were medical doctors, registered nurses and enrolled nurses working in all eight public STD clinics in Hong Kong. All of them (29 doctors and 82 nurses) were approached by telephone. A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to them. A total of 98 completed questionnaires were received (28 doctors and 70 nurses). The study was conducted during January to May, 2018. Using recommendation of HPV vaccination to any attendees in the last year as the dependent variable, univariate and multiple logistic regression models were fitted.ResultsIn the last 12 months, 16.3% and 36.7% of the participants had recommended HPV vaccination to any male attendees and to any female attendees of their clinics; 41.8% had recommended it to either male or female attendees. Adjusting for significant background variables (professions and years of working experience in the clinic), three constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior were significantly associated with the dependent variable in expected directions. They were: 1) the Positive Attitude Scale (adjusted odds ratios, AOR: 1.20, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.41), 2) the Negative Attitude Scale (AOR: 0.85, 95%CI: 0.77, 0.94), and 3) the Perceived Behavioral Control Scale (AOR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.08, 1.75).ConclusionSTD clinics are ideal settings that allow healthcare providers to access individuals who are at high-risk of HPV infection and promote HPV vaccination. Health promotion targeting these healthcare providers is warranted to enhance their perceived importance of recommending HPV vaccination. Such promotion should modify their attitudes and perceived behavioral control related to recommending HPV vaccination to attendees.

Project description:BackgroundWorldwide, more than one million peoples acquire sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The burden of STIs and the youth awareness level on the transmission of STIs is under investigated in Sidama Regional State.ObjectiveTo determine the seroprevalence of STIs such as hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies, Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seroprevalence, and syphilis and to determine associated factors among youth-friendly services Attendees at selected health facilities in Hawassa city, Ethiopia.MethodsA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 416 randomly selected youth attending youth-friendly services at selected health facilities from May to August 2021. To collect the background characteristics of participants an interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Blood samples were collected, processed, and tested using Advanced Quality One Step rapid colloidal gold immunochromatographic assay for detection of antibodies for syphilis and hepatitis C virus infection, and hepatitis B virus surface antigen. For the diagnosis of syphilis Rapid Plasma Reagin was also used. HIV1/2 STAT PAK, HIV1/2/O ABON and HIV1/2 SD Bioline were used for testing antibodies for HIV infection. Data entry and analysis were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 software. A crude and adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was computed to identify associated factors.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence of STIs was 11.5% (48/422), with a 95% CI: (8.7-14.9). Out of the 48 positive results, the proportions of HBsAg, Anti-HCV, HIV, and syphilis were 56.3% (27/48), 27.1% (13/48), 10.4% (5/48), and 6.3% (3/48) respectively. Out of 416 participants, 17.1% responded that it is safe to have sex without using a condom. The Odds of developing STI among female participants, participants who did not identify alcohol intake as a risk factor for STIs, and those who engaged in transactional sex were (AOR = 2.989: 95% CI: 1.27, 7.02), and (AOR = 2.393, 95% CI: 1.18, 4.81) and practice of transactional sex (AOR = 5.527, 95% CI: 1.62, 18.75).ConclusionsSTIs are common among youth-friendly services Attendee in Hawassa city The overall STI was significantly associated with sex (females), not able to identify alcohol intake as a risk factor, and practice of transactional sex. High number of (n = 289, 69.5%) participants think that the use of condoms is not effective in preventing STIs and they engage in sexual activity without using condoms.

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Genital HPV infection among heterosexual and homosexual male attendees of sexually transmitted diseases clinic in Beijing, China.

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