Dataset Information

Cytotoxicity of 2D engineered nanomaterials in pulmonary and corneal epithelium.

ABSTRACT: Two-dimensional (2D) engineered nanomaterials are widely used in consumer and industrial goods due to their unique chemical and physical characteristics. Engineered nanomaterials are incredibly small and capable of being aerosolized during manufacturing, with the potential for biological interaction at first-contact sites such as the eye and lung. The unique properties of 2D nanomaterials that make them of interest to many industries may also cause toxicity towards epithelial cells. Using murine and human respiratory epithelial cell culture models, we tested the cytotoxicity of eight 2D engineered nanomaterials: graphene (110 nm), graphene oxide (2 um), graphene oxide (400 nm), reduced graphene oxide (2 um), reduced graphene oxide (400 nm), partially reduced graphene oxide (400 nm), molybdenum disulfide (400 nm), and hexagonal boron nitride (150 nm). Non-graphene nanomaterials were also tested in human corneal epithelial cells for ocular epithelial cytotoxicity. Hexagonal boron nitride was found to be cytotoxic in mouse tracheal, human alveolar, and human corneal epithelial cells. Hexagonal boron nitride was also tested for inhibition of wound healing in alveolar epithelial cells; no inhibition was seen at sub-cytotoxic doses. Nanomaterials should be considered with care before use, due to specific regional cytotoxicity that also varies by cell type. Supported by U01ES027288 and T32HL007013 and T32ES007059.

SUBMITTER: Domanico M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9205178 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Cytotoxicity of 2D engineered nanomaterials in pulmonary and corneal epithelium.

Domanico Morgan M Fukuto Atsuhiko A Tran Lisa M LM Bustamante Jessica-Miranda JM Edwards Patricia C PC Pinkerton Kent E KE Thomasy Sara M SM Van Winkle Laura S LS

NanoImpact 20220401

Two-dimensional (2D) engineered nanomaterials are widely used in consumer and industrial goods due to their unique chemical and physical characteristics. Engineered nanomaterials are incredibly small and capable of being aerosolized during manufacturing, with the potential for biological interaction at first-contact sites such as the eye and lung. The unique properties of 2D nanomaterials that make them of interest to many industries may also cause toxicity towards epithelial cells. Using murine ...[more]

PMID: 35560287

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Project description:BackgroundThe increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) of varying physical and chemical characteristics poses a great challenge for screening and assessing the potential pathology induced by these materials, necessitating novel toxicological approaches. Toxicogenomics measures changes in mRNA levels in cells and tissues following exposure to toxic substances. The resulting information on altered gene expression profiles, associated pathways, and the doses at which these changes occur, are used to identify the underlying mechanisms of toxicity and to predict disease outcomes. We evaluated the applicability of toxicogenomics data in identifying potential lung-specific (genomic datasets are currently available from experiments where mice have been exposed to various ENMs through this common route of exposure) disease outcomes following exposure to ENMs.MethodsSeven toxicogenomics studies describing mouse pulmonary responses over time following intra-tracheal exposure to increasing doses of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), carbon black, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles of varying properties were examined to understand underlying mechanisms of toxicity. mRNA profiles from these studies were compared to the publicly available datasets of 15 other mouse models of lung injury/diseases induced by various agents including bleomycin, ovalbumin, TNFα, lipopolysaccharide, bacterial infection, and welding fumes to delineate the implications of ENM-perturbed biological processes to disease pathogenesis in lungs.ResultsThe meta-analysis revealed two distinct clusters-one driven by TiO2 and the other by CNTs. Unsupervised clustering of the genes showing significant expression changes revealed that CNT response clustered with bleomycin injury and bacterial infection models, both of which are known to induce lung fibrosis, in a post-exposure-time dependent manner, irrespective of the CNT's physical-chemical properties. TiO2 samples clustered separately from CNTs and disease models.ConclusionsThese results indicate that in the absence of apical toxicity data, a tiered strategy beginning with short term, in vivo tissue transcriptomics profiling can effectively and efficiently screen new ENMs that have a higher probability of inducing pulmonary pathogenesis.

Dataset Information

Cytotoxicity of 2D engineered nanomaterials in pulmonary and corneal epithelium.

Publications

Cytotoxicity of 2D engineered nanomaterials in pulmonary and corneal epithelium.

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