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Dataset on FAEE synthesized from oil blends via a derived submerged fermented Theobroma cacao pod husk: Application of hybrid design optimizer.

ABSTRACT: A new base catalyst was derived from submerged fermented Theobroma cacao pod husk (TCPH) in this work, the developed catalyst was tested for the production of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) using the blends of beef tallow (BTO) - waste use oil (WUO) in the ratios of 10:90 (BTO₁₀)_, 20:80 (BTO₂₀)_, 30:70 (BTO₃₀)….., 90:10 (BTO₉₀)_, respectively. To determine the optimum FAEE yield with variable effects (reaction time, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, and EtOH/OMR), a hybrid design from response surface was adopted with coefficient of determination (R²) and Adjusted coefficient of determination (R²-adj.). Furthermore, the catalytic efficiency was tested by catalyst recycle, refining, and reusability test. Data revealed the oil blend ratio of BTO₆₀:WUO₄₀ was adequate to produced low viscous FAEE. Catalysts' analysis and characterization revealed the catalyst produced high CaO-base of 87.65 (%wt.), which accounted for the high yield of FAEE. Mathematical optimization via hybrid design showed that the catalyst amount with high F-value = 3063.24 and P-value = 0.0115, played the most significant role in the conversion of blended oil to FAEE among the variable factors considered. Furthermore, based on Box-Cox transformation, the lambda indicated a normal data in normal function of Y³ for polynomial model accuracy. Optimum validated FAEE yields of 99.64 (%wt.) with high coefficient of determination (R²) was established. The qualities of the FAEE were within the standard specification for biodiesel, and the produced catalysts can serve as feedstocks for industrial application.

SUBMITTER: F AT

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9214796 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:An understanding of the tolerance mechanisms of Theobroma cacao used against Moniliophthora roreri, the causal agent of frosty pod rot, is important for the generation of stable disease-tolerant clones. A comparative view was obtained of transcript populations of infected pods from two susceptible and two tolerant clones using RNA sequence (RNA-Seq) analysis. A total of 3009 transcripts showed differential expression among clones. KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated shifts in 152 different metabolic pathways between the tolerant and susceptible clones. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time qRT-PCR) analyses of 36 genes verified the differential expression. Regression analysis validated a uniform progression in gene expression in association with infection levels and fungal loads in the susceptible clones. Expression patterns observed in the susceptible clones diverged in tolerant clones, with many genes showing higher expression at a low level of infection and fungal load. Principal coordinate analyses of real-time qRT-PCR data separated the gene expression patterns between susceptible and tolerant clones for pods showing malformation. Although some genes were constitutively differentially expressed between clones, most results suggested that defence responses were induced at low fungal load in the tolerant clones. Several elicitor-responsive genes were highly expressed in tolerant clones, suggesting rapid recognition of the pathogen and induction of defence genes. Expression patterns suggested that the jasmonic acid-ethylene- and/or salicylic acid-mediated defence pathways were activated in the tolerant clones, being enhanced by reduced brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis and catabolic inactivation of both BR and abscisic acids. Finally, several genes associated with hypersensitive response-like cell death were also induced in tolerant clones.

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Dataset on FAEE synthesized from oil blends via a derived submerged fermented Theobroma cacao pod husk: Application of hybrid design optimizer.

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