Dataset Information

Rapid methods for testing the efficacy of sterilization-grade filter membranes.

ABSTRACT: The validation of sterilization-grade membranes is integral to ensuring the efficient and safe use of microfiltration systems. Here validation refers to the production of sterile filtrate for sterilizing-grade membranes under challenge test conditions. Current validation methods require 48 h of culture for results to become available, which creates time delays within the manufacturing process and quality control (QC) backlogs. This work compares four methods for the production of filter challenge test data, to the desired test sensitivity, within 24 h using bioluminescent and fluorescent recombinant strains of the test organism Brevundimonas diminuta. These methods should provide a way to implement more rapid QC test regimens for filters.

SUBMITTER: Griffiths MH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC92167 | biostudies-literature | 2000 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Rapid methods for testing the efficacy of sterilization-grade filter membranes.

Griffiths M H MH Andrew P W PW Ball P R PR Hall G M GM

Applied and environmental microbiology 20000801 8

The validation of sterilization-grade membranes is integral to ensuring the efficient and safe use of microfiltration systems. Here validation refers to the production of sterile filtrate for sterilizing-grade membranes under challenge test conditions. Current validation methods require 48 h of culture for results to become available, which creates time delays within the manufacturing process and quality control (QC) backlogs. This work compares four methods for the production of filter challeng ...[more]

PMID: 10919803

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Project description:ObjectiveTo compare the safety and efficacy of hysteroscopic sterilization with the "Essure" device with laparoscopic sterilization in a large, all-inclusive, state cohort.DesignPopulation based cohort study.SettingsOutpatient interventional setting in New York State.ParticipantsWomen undergoing interval sterilization procedure, including hysteroscopic sterilization with Essure device and laparoscopic surgery, between 2005 and 2013.Main outcomes measuresSafety events within 30 days of procedures; unintended pregnancies and reoperations within one year of procedures. Mixed model accounting for hospital clustering was used to compare 30 day and 1 year outcomes, adjusting for patient characteristics and other confounders. Time to reoperation was evaluated using frailty model for time to event analysis.ResultsWe identified 8048 patients undergoing hysteroscopic sterilization and 44,278 undergoing laparoscopic sterilization between 2005 and 2013 in New York State. There was a significant increase in the use of hysteroscopic procedures during this period, while use of laparoscopic sterilization decreased. Patients undergoing hysteroscopic sterilization were older than those undergoing laparoscopic sterilization and were more likely to have a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (10.3% v 7.2%, P<0.01), major abdominal surgery (9.4% v 7.9%, P<0.01), and cesarean section (23.2% v 15.4%, P<0.01). At one year after surgery, hysteroscopic sterilization was not associated with a higher risk of unintended pregnancy (odds ratio 0.84 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.12)) but was associated with a substantially increased risk of reoperation (odds ratio 10.16 (7.47 to 13.81)) compared with laparoscopic sterilization.ConclusionsPatients undergoing hysteroscopic sterilization have a similar risk of unintended pregnancy but a more than 10-fold higher risk of undergoing reoperation compared with patients undergoing laparoscopic sterilization. Benefits and risks of both procedures should be discussed with patients for informed decisions making.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Rugby union match demands are complex, requiring the development of multiple physical qualities concurrently. Quantifying the physical qualities of age grade rugby union players is vital for practitioners to support athlete preparation and long-term development. AIM:This systematic review aimed to identify the methods used to quantify the physical qualities of male age grade (? Under-20) rugby union players, present the normative values for physical qualities, and compare physical qualities between age grades and positions. METHODS:Electronic databases were systematically reviewed from the earliest record to November 2019 using key words relating to sex, age, sport and physical testing. RESULTS:Forty-two studies evaluated the physical qualities of age grade rugby union players. Seventy-five tests were used to quantify body composition, muscular strength, muscular power, linear speed, change of direction ability, aerobic capacity and anaerobic endurance. Thirty-one studies met the eligibility criteria to present the physical qualities. Physical qualities differentiate between age groups below Under-16, while differences in older age groups (Under-16 to Under-20) are not clear. Positional differences are present with forwards possessing greater height, body mass, body fat percentage and strength while backs are faster and have greater aerobic capacities. CONCLUSIONS:A wide variety of tests are used to assess physical qualities limiting between study comparisons. Although differences in older age grades are unclear, older age groups (Under-19-20) generally performed better in physical tests. Positional differences are associated with match demands where forwards are exposed to less running but a greater number of collisions. Practitioners can use the results from this review to evaluate the physical qualities of age grade rugby union players to enhance training prescription, goal setting and player development. Future research should consider the use of national standardised testing batteries due to the inconsistency in testing methods and small samples limiting the reporting of positional differences.

Project description:BACKGROUND:Ticks are obligate blood feeders transmitting major pathogens worldwide. Over the past few years, considerable research efforts have focused on the diversity, distribution and impact of gut and intracellular bacterial symbionts on tick development and tick-borne pathogen transmission. The study of this internal microbiome requires the use of a sterilization method to remove external (i.e. cuticular) microbes present on the tick's surface and to avoid any further contamination. Several sterilization methods exist, including ethanol- or bleach-based treatments that are both effective in killing microbes but with different potential effects on DNA denaturation. METHODS:We examined how these different sterilization methods impact the measure of internal microbial diversity hosted by the Cayenne tick Amblyomma cajennense (sensu stricto). Bacterial barcoding investigations based on 16S rRNA gene sequences were conducted on two batches of 50 individuals each: Ticks of the first batch were sterilized with bleach diluted at 1% and the second batch with 70% ethanol. Tick external microbiome was also determined from cuticle smearing and water samples used for tick washing. RESULTS:Bacterial barcoding investigations showed major differences between ethanol- and bleach-treated specimens. Both methods led to the detection of major intracellular bacteria associated with A. cajennense (s.s.) but ethanol-treated ticks always harbored a higher bacterial diversity than bleach-treated ticks. Further examinations of tick gut and tick external microbiome revealed that ethanol-based surface sterilization method is inefficient to eliminate the DNA of external bacteria. CONCLUSIONS:We herein provide evidence that studies investigating the internal microbiome of ticks should consider bleach as the gold standard to efficiently remove cuticular bacterial DNA. Indeed, this method does not impact the internal bacterial diversity hosted by ticks and is thus a better method than the ethanol-based one for studying the internal microbiome.

Dataset Information

Rapid methods for testing the efficacy of sterilization-grade filter membranes.

Publications

Rapid methods for testing the efficacy of sterilization-grade filter membranes.

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