Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kassianos G
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9225513 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:We conducted a survey study at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai to assess COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and behaviors among medical students. Almost all respondents (96.5%, n = 222) believed vaccines were effective and reported being asked about the COVID-19 vaccine by family members (79.0%, n = 180). However, when asked how they respond when someone shares misinformation, 89.0% (n = 202) responded they agree to avoid conflict, 44.9% (n = 102) listened empathically, and 9.3% (n = 21) corrected the misinformation. Medical school education can address this disconnect, using standardized patients and role-playing to give students the tools to address vaccine hesitancy within their communities.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40670-022-01670-2.
| S-EPMC9638195 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC9004449 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCOVID-19 challenged our healthcare systems and unsurprisingly, so did its vaccine. Chief among these were the uniquely politicized nature and logistical difficulties surrounding its deployment. Understanding provider attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines and their willingness/ability to deliver them is essential to developing an ideal vaccine distribution plan for Bexar County, Texas.MethodsAn electronic survey was sent to providers serving adult patients across Bexar County. Membership includes representation from local hospitals, Bexar County Medical Society, and the San Antonio Metropolitan Health District's vaccination program. The survey measured provider attitudes toward the vaccines and asked logistical questions regarding patient hesitancy and clinic infrastructure.ResultsResponses were collected from 66 ZIP codes (90% of ZIP codes in the county), and 377 providers answered the survey. Respondents who were unlikely to recommend the vaccine (3%) shared concerns involving distrust of the vaccine manufacturing process. Recommendations made by physicians to support their vaccine administration efforts included broadening the reporting timeframe (n=35), providing trained support staff (n=18), and improving logistical support (n=14). Furthermore, responses showed that only 14.44% of provider facilities were able to meet originally published refrigeration requirements to store Pfizer's vaccines compared with 87.47% for Moderna's vaccines.ConclusionsSurvey results were used to improve the efficiency of vaccination programs and address vaccine hesitancy through various avenues of information delivery. It is recommended to replicate the outcomes and applications of this study in other populations to improve the efficiency of vaccination programs and reduce vaccine hesitancy.
| S-EPMC9364726 | biostudies-literature
Project description:As of March 31, 2021, Israel had administered 116 doses of vaccine for COVID-19 per 100 population (of any age) - far more than any other OECD country. It was also ahead of other OECD countries in terms of the share of the population that had received at least one vaccination (61%) and the share that had been fully vaccinated (55%). Among Israelis aged 16 and over, the comparable figures were 81 and 74%, respectively. In light of this, the objectives of this article are: 1. To describe and analyze the vaccination uptake through the end of March 2021 2. To identify behavioral and other barriers that likely affected desire or ability to be vaccinated 3. To describe the efforts undertaken to overcome those barriers Israel's vaccination campaign was launched on December 20, and within 2.5 weeks, 20% of Israelis had received their first dose. Afterwards, the pace slowed. It took an additional 4 weeks to increase from 20 to 40% and yet another 6 weeks to increase from 40 to 60%. Initially, uptake was low among young adults, and two religious/cultural minority groups - ultra-Orthodox Jews and Israeli Arabs, but their uptake increased markedly over time.In the first quarter of 2021, Israel had to enhance access to the vaccine, address a moderate amount of vaccine hesitancy in its general population, and also address more intense pockets of vaccine hesitancy among young adults and religious/cultural minority groups. A continued high rate of infection during the months of February and March, despite broad vaccination coverage at the time, created confusion about vaccine effectiveness, which in turn contributed to vaccine hesitancy. Among Israeli Arabs, some residents of smaller villages encountered difficulties in reaching vaccination sites, and that also slowed the rate of vaccination.The challenges were addressed via a mix of messaging, incentives, extensions to the initial vaccine delivery system, and other measures. Many of the measures addressed the general population, while others were targeted at subgroups with below-average vaccination rates. Once the early adopters had been vaccinated, it took hard, creative work to increase population coverage from 40 to 60% and beyond.Significantly, some of the capacities and strategies that helped Israel address vaccine hesitancy and geographic access barriers are different from those that enabled it to procure, distribute and administer the vaccines. Some of these strategies are likely to be relevant to other countries as they progress from the challenges of securing an adequate vaccine supply and streamlining distribution to the challenge of encouraging vaccine uptake.
| S-EPMC8326649 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The scientific community has come together in a mass mobilization to combat the public health risks of COVID-19, including efforts to develop a vaccine. However, the success of any vaccine depends on the share of the population that gets vaccinated. We designed a survey experiment in which a nationally representative sample of 3,133 adults in the USA stated their intentions to vaccinate themselves and their children for COVID-19. The factors that we varied across treatments were: the stated severity and infectiousness of COVID-19 and the stated source of the risk information (White House or the Centers for Disease Control). We find that 20% of people in the USA intend to decline the vaccine. We find no statistically significant effect on vaccine intentions from the severity of COVID-19. In contrast, we find that the degree of infectiousness of the coronavirus influences vaccine intentions and that inconsistent risk messages from public health experts and elected officials may reduce vaccine uptake. However, the most important determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy seem to be distrust of the vaccine safety (including uncertainty due to vaccine novelty), as well as general vaccine avoidance, as implied by not having had a flu shot in the last two years.
| S-EPMC8175934 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This article uses novel data collected on a weekly basis covering more than 35,000 individuals in the EU to analyze the relationship between trust in various dimensions and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. We found that trust in science is negatively correlated, while trust in social media and the use of social media as the main source of information are positively associated with vaccine hesitancy. High trust in social media is found among adults aged 65+, financially distressed and unemployed individuals, and hesitancy is largely explained by conspiracy beliefs among them. Finally, we found that the temporary suspension of the AstraZeneca vaccine in March 2021 significantly increased vaccine hesitancy and especially among people with low trust in science, living in rural areas, females, and financially distressed. Our findings suggest that trust is a key determinant of vaccine hesitancy and that pro-vaccine campaigns could be successfully targeted toward groups at high risk of hesitancy.
| S-EPMC10245358 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionVaccine hesitancy can lead to incomplete vaccination, increased risk of vaccine-preventable diseases, and distrust or conflict between physicians and patients. Yet many physicians are uncomfortable navigating vaccine hesitancy and educating vaccine-hesitant patients and families. We developed a vaccine hesitancy curriculum to increase vaccine knowledge, comfort, and communication skills in pediatric residents.MethodsThe curriculum consisted of four interactive 40-minute sessions delivered to pediatric residents over 10 months. The first two sessions discussed recommended childhood vaccines, the third session examined common vaccine misconceptions, and the final session reviewed vaccine hesitancy-specific communication skills, incorporating practice through role-playing. Residents completed pre- and posttests assessing knowledge and comfort as well as receiving a standardized patient (SP) assessment of vaccine-specific communication skills after the curriculum.ResultsThirty-five residents were in the educational intervention group and 35 in a control group. Pretest scores did not differ significantly between the groups. The mean knowledge score for the intervention group increased from 47% on the pretest to 66% on the posttest. The mean self-reported comfort score (1 = low comfort, 5 = high comfort) for the intervention group increased from 2.9 on the pretest to 3.8 on the posttest. The control group showed no difference between pre- and posttest scores for knowledge or comfort. The mean postintervention SP assessment score was significantly higher for the intervention group (78%) than the control group (52%).DiscussionImplementation of a comprehensive vaccine hesitancy curriculum resulted in improved vaccine knowledge, self-reported comfort, and communication skills among pediatric residents.
| S-EPMC9792628 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThe delay in acceptance or refusal to get vaccinated despite the availability of services is called vaccine hesitancy. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative in Pakistan faced consistent barriers preventing the eradication of the disease in the country. Similarly with the advent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic mass vaccination drives were initiated to a vaccine hesitant population. The aim of this study is to explore the prevalence and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the Pakistani population.Materials and methodsCross-sectional study conducted during July to September 2021 using a snowball sampling technique targeting the adult population of Pakistan. The modified version of the vaccine hesitancy questionnaire related to the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization Vaccine Hesitancy matrix was distributed online.ResultsOut of 973 participants, 52.4% were immediately willing to take the vaccine and constituted the acceptance group whereas the remaining 47.6% who were still not sure formed the hesitant group. Support from leaders was found to be statistically significant for the difference between the hesitant and acceptance groups (p-value=0.027). Hesitant people were concerned about the effectiveness of the vaccine (60.9%) and potential side effects (57.9%) as it was not sufficiently tested prior to launch (44.7%). Age and education were significant factors affecting the acceptance of vaccination. The most trusted source of information regarding vaccination was health care workers (43.8%).ConclusionA moderately high prevalence of vaccine hesitancy was reported in Pakistan. To overcome it, policymakers need to address the reasons for it. Leaders, celebrities, and healthcare workers can play an instrumental role in dispelling conspiracy theories regarding vaccines and making the vaccination drive a success.
| S-EPMC10435776 | biostudies-literature
Project description:It is critical to develop tailored strategies to increase acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine and decrease hesitancy. Hence, this study aims to assess and identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal. We used data from a community-based survey, "COVID-19 Barometer: Social Opinion", which includes data regarding intention to take COVID-19 vaccines, health status, and risk perception in Portugal from September 2020 to January 2021. We used multinomial regression to identify factors associated with intention to delay or refuse to take COVID-19 vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Portugal was high: 56% would wait and 9% refuse. Several factors were associated with both refusal and delay: being younger, loss of income during the pandemic, no intention of taking the flu vaccine, low confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine and the health service response during the pandemic, worse perception of government measures, perception of the information provided as inconsistent and contradictory, and answering the questionnaire before the release of information regarding the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. It is crucial to build confidence in the COVID-19 vaccine as its perceived safety and efficacy were strongly associated with intention to take the vaccine. Governments and health authorities should improve communication and increase trust.
| S-EPMC8004673 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundNovel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is a barrier to achieving herd immunity, and thus, a prominent public health concern. This study aimed to identify the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy based on the World Health Organization's '3Cs' model (i.e., confidence, complacency, and convenience) in the United States (U.S.) and Canada.MethodsData from 7678 adults ages 18 or older were collected from the four most populous U.S. States, specifically New York, California, Florida, and Texas, and from English-speaking Canada at three timepoints, in May and July 2020, and March 2021 using a web-based survey (www.covid19-database.com). Sociodemographic information was collected, and comprehensive psychological assessments were administered. Univariate analyses were performed to identify the individual determinants of vaccine hesitancy, which were categorized as: 1) vaccine confidence, 2) vaccine complacency, 3) sociodemographic, and 4) other psychological factors. A series of models were computed using these categorizations.ResultsMistrust of vaccine benefit (β(SE) = 0.67(0.01), p<0.001, partial η2 = 0.26) and lower perceived seriousness of COVID-19 (β(SE) = 0.68(0.02), p<0.001, partial η2 = 0.12) were the principal determinants of vaccine hesitancy. Right-wing political affiliation (β(SE) = 0.32(0.02), p<0.001, partial η2 = 0.03), higher risk propensity (β(SE) = 0.24(0.02), p<0.001, partial η2 = 0.03), and less negative mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (β(SE) = 0.20(0.01), p<0.001, partial η2 = 0.03) were the main sociodemographic and psychological determinants. Other sociodemographic determinants included younger age, women, race, and employment status. Lack of vaccine confidence and complacency explained 38% and 21% of the variance in vaccine hesitancy, respectively; whereas, sociodemographic and psychological determinants explained 13% and 11% of the variance in vaccine hesitancy, respectively.DiscussionTargeted and tailored public health interventions that enhance the public's confidence in vaccines and emphasize the risk and seriousness of COVID-19 may address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Efforts directed toward specific marginalized and underserved groups may be required to promote vaccine confidence.
| S-EPMC8598046 | biostudies-literature