Attitudes of COVID-19 vaccination among college students: A systematic review and meta-analysis of willingness, associated determinants, and reasons for hesitancy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Geng H
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9235888 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundVaccination is an important preventive measure against the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. We aimed to examine the willingness to vaccination and influencing factors among college students in China.MethodsFrom March 18 to April 26, 2021, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey among college students from 30 universities in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The survey was composed of the sociodemographic information, psychological status, experience during pandemic, the willingness of vaccination and related information. Students' attitudes towards vaccination were classified as 'vaccine acceptance', 'vaccine hesitancy', and 'vaccine resistance'. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the influencing factors associated with vaccine hesitancy and resistance.ResultsAmong 23,143 students who completed the survey, a total of 22,660 participants were included in the final analysis with an effective rate of 97.9% after excluding invalid questionnaires. A total of 60.6% of participants would be willing to receive COVID-19 vaccine, 33.4% were hesitant to vaccination, and 6.0% were resistant to vaccination. Social media platforms and government agencies were the main sources of information vaccination. Worry about the efficacy and adverse effects of vaccine were the top two common reason of vaccine hesitancy and resistance. Multiple multinomial logistic regression analysis identified that participants who worried about the adverse effects of vaccination were more likely to be vaccine hesitancy (aOR = 2.44, 95% CI = 2.30, 2.58) and resistance (aOR = 2.71, 95% CI = 2.40, 3.05).ConclusionMore than half of college students are willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, whereas nearly one-third college students are still hesitant or resistant. It is crucial to provide sufficient and scientific information on the efficacy and safety of vaccine through social media and government agencies platforms to promote vaccine progress against COVID-19 and control the pandemic in China.
| S-EPMC8995203 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background Since the outbreak of the respiratory infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus in 2019, the COVID-19 epidemic has posed a serious threat to the life and safety of the public, and has also seriously affected the normal study and life of college students in China. Although a series of studies have been conducted on college students’ knowledge, attitudes and practices of COVID-19, the results vary widely. This study aimed to evaluate the pooled estimated level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about COVID-19 among college students in China. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search on Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Database and Wanfang Database up to 13 February 2022. We then assessed the quality of included studies using a checklist developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for cross-sectional studies and analyzed using STATA.15 after two researchers independently extracted relevant data and entered them into Microsoft Excel. Funnel plots and Egger’s regression tests were used to check for publication bias, and sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the results. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis, on the basis of which subgroup analyses were performed by time of investigation (study period) and by gender and major of the subjects. Result A total of 42 studies including 174,440 subjects were included in this review, and the quality of the included studies was mainly intermediate and advanced. The findings of the meta-analysis showed that the overall levels of Chinese college students’ knowledge, positive and negative attitudes, and practice of preventive measures towards COVID-19 were 74% (95%CI: 69%-79%), 84% (95%CI: 80%-88%), 31% (95%CI: 23%-38%) and 82% (95%CI: 77%-86%), respectively. The results of subgroup analysis showed that female and medical college students had higher levels of knowledge and practice on COVID-19. Conclusion The study findings showed that the overall KAP level of college students in China included in the study was relatively optimistic. Influenced by gender, major and time, there were differences in the KAP level of college students. In order to promote the effective prophylaxis and control of pandemic, we recommend implementing targeted measures to improve the awareness rate of COVID-19-related knowledge among this group and the implementation rate of COVID-19 preventive measures among male and non-medical college students.
| S-EPMC9202839 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objective: Examine Juul use patterns, sociodemographic and personal factors associated with Juul use, and reasons for Juul initiation and current use, among college students. Participants: Convenience sample of 371 undergraduates at a large university in the southeast; recruited April 2018. Methods: Cross-sectional design using an online survey. Logistic regression identified the personal risk factors for current use. Results: Over 80% of participants recognized Juul; 36% reported ever use and 21% past 30-day use. Significant risk factors for current Juul use were: male, White/non-Hispanic, lower undergraduate, and current cigarette smoker. Current Juul users chose ease of use and lack of a bad smell as reasons for use. Ever Juul users most commonly endorsed curiosity and use by friends as reasons for trying Juul. Conclusions: Given the propensity for nicotine addiction among youth and young adults, rates of Juul use are alarming and warrant immediate intervention.
| S-EPMC6763357 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Despite the vaccine against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) being reported to be safe and effective, the unwillingness to vaccinate and doubts are still common. The aim of this international study was to assess the major reasons for the unwillingness to vaccinate in a group of students from Poland (n = 1202), Bangladesh (n = 1586), India (n = 484), Mexico (n = 234), Egypt (n = 566), Philippines (n = 2076), Pakistan (n = 506), Vietnam (n = 98) and China (n = 503). We conducted an online cross-sectional study that aimed to assess (1) the percentage of vaccinated and unvaccinated students and (2) the reasons associated with willingness/unwillingness to the vaccine. The study included 7255 respondents from 9 countries with a mean age of 21.85 ± 3.66 years. Only 22.11% (n = 1604) of students were vaccinated. However, the majority (69.25%, n = 5025) expressed a willingness to be vaccinated. More willing to vaccinate were students in informal relationships who worked mentally, used psychological/psychiatric services before the pandemic, and studied medicine. There are cultural differences regarding the reasons associated with the unwillingness to vaccinate, but some 'universal' might be distinguished that apply to the whole group.
| S-EPMC9657911 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives: To describe, using mixed-methods, perceptions of access to sexually transmitted infection test results via electronic personal health record (PHR) and correlates of willingness to adopt its use. Participants: Students at a mid-Atlantic historically black college. Methods: Focus-groups and interviews were conducted to explore themes on sexual health-related PHR-use (N = 35). Codes were operationalized into survey measures assessing beliefs in a cross-sectional sample (N = 354). Exploratory factor analysis identified latent factors among survey items. Multiple logistic regression models measured correlates of adoption willingness. Results: Three qualitative themes emerged on relative advantages, barriers, and functionality of PHRs. 57.6% of survey participants were willing to use PHRs for sexual health services. Reliable latent factors, centering on PHR convenience and functionality, were positively associated with adoption willingness. Conclusions: Data highlights interest among black college-age youth in adopting PHRs for comprehensive sexual health-related services. Adoption may be boosted with tailored designs responsive to expressed service needs.
| S-EPMC7211543 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake remains lower than other recommended adolescent vaccines in the United States. Parental attitudes are important predictors of vaccine uptake, yet little is known about how they have changed over time. Methods:Participants included US residents aged 13-17 years with documented vaccination status who had received <3 doses of HPV vaccine whose parents responded to the National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2010-2015. Results:Of the 76971 participants, 63.0% were male, 58.8% were non-Hispanic white, and 14.4 years was the median age. The percentage of unvaccinated teens decreased from 2010 to 2015, yet, annually, parents of unvaccinated teens of both sexes most often reported that they were "not likely at all" to vaccinate their teen. The percentage decreased significantly from 41.5% to 31.2% (P < .001) for parents of unvaccinated females from 2010 to 2015 but did not change among parents of males from 2012 to 2015. Conversely, parents of undervaccinated teens of both sexes reported higher and increasing vaccination intent over time. In 2015, nearly one-third of parents of unvaccinated teens reported that the vaccine was "not needed/necessary." Concerns about vaccine safety and side effects declined among parents of unvaccinated females but increased among parents of males (7.3% to 14.8%; P < .001). Conclusions:Although parental vaccination intent and knowledge improved over time, intent remains low and many parents still have significant concerns about HPV vaccination, even after series initiation. Multiple strategies are needed to improve series initiation and completion in the United States.
| S-EPMC6137113 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundDespite evidence for the harms of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), its use is increasing amongst college and university students worldwide. This systematic review aims to assess the knowledge of, attitudes towards and perceptions of WTS among college or university students.MethodsWe electronically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PSYCHINFO and ISI the Web of Science in October 2018, restricting our search to studies published since January 1990. We included studies among university or college students that used qualitative or quantitative methods, and addressed either knowledge, attitudes, or perceptions towards WTS. We excluded studies where WTS could not be distinguished from other forms of tobacco use and studies reported as abstracts where the full text could not be identified. Data were synthesised qualitatively and analysed data by region (global north/ south), and by reasons for use, knowledge of health hazards, how knowledge influences use, perceptions towards dependence, and policy knowledge.ResultsEighty-six studies were included; 45 from the global north and 41 from the global south. Socio-cultural and peer influences were major contributing factors that encouraged students to initiate WTS. Furthermore, WTS dependence had two components: psychological and social. This was compounded by the general perception that WTS is a less harmful, less addictive and more sociable alternative to cigarette smoking. Knowledge of WTS harms failed to correlate with a reduced risk of WTS use, and some students reported symptoms of WTS addiction. A large proportion of students believed that quitting WTS was easy, yet few were able to do so successfully. Finally, students believed current public health campaigns to educate on WTS harms were inadequate and, particularly in the global north, were not required.ConclusionReasons for WTS amongst university students are multi-faceted. Overall, interventions at both the individual and community level, but also policy measures to portray a message of increased harm amongst students, are required. Additional studies are necessitated to understand temporal changes in students' beliefs, thus allowing for better targeted interventions.
| S-EPMC6487066 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Individual differences in love attitudes and the relationship between love attitudes and other variables in Asian culture lack in-depth exploration. This study conducted cluster analysis with data regarding love attitudes obtained from 389 college students in mainland China. The result of cluster analysis based on love-attitude scales distinguished four types of students: game players, rational lovers, emotional lovers, and absence lovers. These four groups of students showed significant differences in sexual attitudes and personality traits of deliberation and dutifulness but not self-discipline. The study's implications for future studies on love attitudes in certain cultural groups were also discussed.
| S-EPMC5113012 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Objectives: To investigate the association of gender, ethnicity, living region, and socioeconomic status (SES) with health literacy and attitudes toward nevi and melanoma in Chinese adolescents and to examine whether health literacy mediates the association of SES with attitudes. Study Design: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among newly enrolled college students. First-year students were recruited from five universities in different regions of China in 2018 using the cluster sampling method. The observers were blinded to the participants. Methods: Health literacy and attitudes were measured using a previously validated tool (Nevus and Melanoma Health Literacy and attitudes Test). SES was measured by annual family income and parental highest educational level. Nonparametric test was used to examine the association of participants' characteristics with health literacy and attitudes. Two-level generalized linear model with logarithm link function and Gamma distribution was used individually for SES. The mediation effect model was used to examine the mediation effect of health literacy. Results: A total of 21,086 questionnaires were completed by college students with a mean age of 18.0 ± 0.8 years. The mean scores of health literacy and attitudes were 9.83 ± 7.46 (maximum score: 28) and 16.98 ± 2.92 (maximum score: 20), respectively. Female, Han nationality, annual family income, and parental educational levels were positively associated with health literacy and attitudes. Regional differences showed different effects on health literacy and attitudes. A mediation model showed that literacy mediated the association of SES with attitudes toward nevi and melanoma. Health literacy mediated ~30-50% of the association of SES with attitudes. Conclusions: Melanoma-related health literacy among Chinese college students is generally insufficient and needs to be improved. Targeted and personalized health education for improving health literacy related to nevi and melanoma may improve the general population's attitudes and further promote health-related behavior to prevent and identify early-stage melanoma.
| S-EPMC8632051 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMental health issue among college students is routinely a major public health concern, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have exacerbated the students' mental health issues which include psychological distress, panic disorder, insomnia, and posttraumatic stress symptoms. However, few studies reached a consensus on the impact of COVID-19 fear on mental health among college students. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis that quantitatively synthesized the fear among college students during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO electronic databases were systematically searched to identify cross-sectional study reporting the state of COVID-19 fear examined by the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) published up until November 20, 2021. Methodological quality was complied with the evaluation criteria of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The random effects model was employed to estimate the pooled mean of FCV-19S score. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were also conducted. Publication bias was assessed by Begg's test and funnel plot.ResultsA total of 16 studies with a sample size of 11,872 were included. A pooled mean of FCV-19S score was 17.60 [95% confidence interval (CI): 16.41-18.78]. The mean of COVID-19 fear in women (17.11, 95% CI: 16.59-17.64) was higher than that in men (15.21, 95% CI: 14.33-16.08). The highest and lowest pooled means of FCV-19S score were observed in the studies conducted in multiple countries that include Israel, Russian, and Belarus (21.55, 95% CI: 20.77-22.33) and in Europe (16.52, 95% CI: 15.26-17.77), respectively. No significant publication bias was detected by Begg's test.ConclusionsCollege students experienced a moderate level of fear caused by COVID-19 pandemic. It is necessary to design and implement prevention programs that target the mental health of college students.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021287017, identifier: CRD42021287017.
| S-EPMC8921101 | biostudies-literature