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Efficient expansion of rare human circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in steady-state blood using a polypeptide-forming 3D culture.

ABSTRACT: Although widely applied in treating hematopoietic malignancies, transplantation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) is impeded by HSPC shortage. Whether circulating HSPCs (cHSPCs) in steady-state blood could be used as an alternative source remains largely elusive. Here we develop a three-dimensional culture system (3DCS) including arginine, glycine, aspartate, and a series of factors. Fourteen-day culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) in 3DCS led to 125- and 70-fold increase of the frequency and number of CD34⁺ cells. Further, 3DCS-expanded cHSPCs exhibited the similar reconstitution rate compared to CD34⁺ HSPCs in bone marrow. Mechanistically, 3DCS fabricated an immunomodulatory niche, secreting cytokines as TNF to support cHSPC survival and proliferation. Finally, 3DCS could also promote the expansion of cHSPCs in patients who failed in HSPC mobilization. Our 3DCS successfully expands rare cHSPCs, providing an alternative source for the HSPC therapy, particularly for the patients/donors who have failed in HSPC mobilization.

SUBMITTER: Xu Y

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9237197 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Purpose: Circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (cHSPCs) are rare in normal human peripheral blood (PB) without mobilization. We apply a novel three-dimension culture system (3DCS) seeded with no mobilized PB monocytes (PBMNCs), to expand cHSPCs. Two-dimension culture system (2DCS), primary PBMNCs and CD34+ HSPCs derived from bone marrow serves as system, negative and positive control groups respectively. Bulk RNA sequencing analysis is performed to dissect the function and molecular mechanism for cHSPCs. Methods: Four groups are designed in the study including the samples cultured in 2DCS, cultured in 3DCS, normal primary PBMNCs and CD34+ HSPCs derived from mobilized peripheral blood. Total RNA was extracted from the cells followed by mRNA enrichment with poly-T oligo-attached magnetic beads. Cells from 2DCS and normal primary PBMNCs served as controls (the number of repetitions for the groups, n = 3). Mobilized bone marrow-derived CD34+ HSPCs were purified with EasySep Human CD34 Positive Selection Kit (StemCell Technologies) serving as positive control (n = 4). Sequencing libraries were generated using NEBNext® UltraTM RNA Library Prep Kit (NEB, Illumina®, USA) following manufacturer’s recommendations. Index codes were added to attribute sequences to each sample. Preferential 150~200 bp in length of cDNA fragments were selected and purified with AMPure XP system (Beckman Coulter, Beverly, USA). PCR was performed with Phusion High-Fidelity DNA polymerase, universal PCR primers and index (X) Primer after adaptor of cDNA being ligated with USER Enzyme (NEB, USA). At last, PCR products were purified with AMPure XP system and library quality was assessed on the Agilent Bioanalyzer 2100 system. The clustering of the index-coded products was carried out on a cBot Cluster Generation System using TruSeq PE Cluster Kit v3-cBot-HS (Illumina) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Sequencing raw data were generated using the Illumina HiSeqTM platform, and 125 bp/150 bp paired-end reads were selected. Results: Bulk RNA sequencing analysis reveals that the samples in 3DCS have more similarity expression pattern with CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) than ones in 2DCS and PBMNCs, for their expression higher level of the specific hematopoietic stem signatures including core stem transcription factors (TFs) as Runx1, HoxA9, HoxB4 and GATA2, self-renewal genes, surface epitopes, and some signaling pathways essential for HSPC fate determination. This study provides a novel culture system to expand rare cHSPC in normal PB, and the underlying molecular and functional signatures are dissected. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the first detailed analysis of normal peripheral blood-derived cHSPC transcriptomes based on RNA-seq technology. Our results show that 3DCS facilitates to expand the rare circulating HSPCs with repopulating capacity. The underlying molecular and functional signatures of cHSPCs are dissected. The study provides a platform for normal PB further clinical applications in cell transplantation and personalized precision medicine.

Project description:Umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been established as an alternative source for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) for cell and gene therapies. Limited cell yields of UCB units have been tackled with the development of cytokine-based ex vivo expansion platforms. To improve the effectiveness of these platforms, namely targeting clinical approval, in this study, we optimized the cytokine cocktails in two clinically relevant expansion platforms for HSPC, a liquid suspension culture system (CS_HSPC) and a co-culture system with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM MSC) (CS_HSPC/MSC). Using a methodology based on experimental design, three different cytokines [stem cell factor (SCF), fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt-3L), and thrombopoietin (TPO)] were studied in both systems during a 7-day culture under serum-free conditions. Proliferation and colony-forming unit assays, as well as immunophenotypic analysis were performed. Five experimental outputs [fold increase (FI) of total nucleated cells (FI TNC), FI of CD34+ cells, FI of erythroid burst-forming unit (BFU-E), FI of colony-forming unit granulocyte-monocyte (CFU-GM), and FI of multilineage colony-forming unit (CFU-Mix)] were followed as target outputs of the optimization model. The novel optimized cocktails determined herein comprised concentrations of 64, 61, and 80 ng/mL (CS_HSPC) and 90, 82, and 77 ng/mL (CS_HSPC/MSC) for SCF, Flt-3L, and TPO, respectively. After cytokine optimization, CS_HSPC and CS_HSPC/MSC were directly compared as platforms. CS_HSPC/MSC outperformed the feeder-free system in 6 of 8 tested experimental measures, displaying superior capability toward increasing the number of hematopoietic cells while maintaining the expression of HSPC markers (i.e., CD34+ and CD34+CD90+) and multilineage differentiation potential. A tailored approach toward optimization has made it possible to individually maximize cytokine contribution in both studied platforms. Consequently, cocktail optimization has successfully led to an increase in the expansion platform performance, while allowing a rational side-by-side comparison among different platforms and enhancing our knowledge on the impact of cytokine supplementation on the HSPC expansion process.

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Efficient expansion of rare human circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in steady-state blood using a polypeptide-forming 3D culture.

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