Dataset Information

Identification of Candidate Genes for a Major Quantitative Disease Resistance Locus From Soybean PI 427105B for Resistance to Phytophthora sojae.

ABSTRACT: Phytophthora root and stem rot is a yield-limiting soybean disease caused by the soil-borne oomycete Phytophthora sojae. Although multiple quantitative disease resistance loci (QDRL) have been identified, most explain <10% of the phenotypic variation (PV). The major QDRL explaining up to 45% of the PV were previously identified on chromosome 18 and represent a valuable source of resistance for soybean breeding programs. Resistance alleles from plant introductions 427105B and 427106 significantly increase yield in disease-prone fields and result in no significant yield difference in fields with less to no disease pressure. In this study, high-resolution mapping reduced the QDRL interval to 3.1 cm, and RNA-seq analysis of near-isogenic lines (NILs) varying at QDRL-18 pinpointed a single gene of interest which was downregulated in inoculated NILs carrying the resistant allele compared to inoculated NILs with the susceptible allele. This gene of interest putatively encodes a serine-threonine kinase (STK) related to the AtCR4 family and may be acting as a susceptibility factor, based on the specific increase of jasmonic acid concentration in inoculated NILs. This work facilitates further functional analyses and marker-assisted breeding efforts by prioritizing candidate genes and narrowing the targeted region for introgression.

SUBMITTER: Karhoff S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9237613 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Identification of Candidate Genes for a Major Quantitative Disease Resistance Locus From Soybean PI 427105B for Resistance to Phytophthora sojae.

Karhoff Stephanie S Vargas-Garcia Christian C Lee Sungwoo S Mian M A Rouf MAR Graham Michelle A MA Dorrance Anne E AE McHale Leah K LK

Frontiers in plant science 20220614

Phytophthora root and stem rot is a yield-limiting soybean disease caused by the soil-borne oomycete Phytophthora sojae. Although multiple quantitative disease resistance loci (QDRL) have been identified, most explain <10% of the phenotypic variation (PV). The major QDRL explaining up to 45% of the PV were previously identified on chromosome 18 and represent a valuable source of resistance for soybean breeding programs. Resistance alleles from plant introductions 427105B and 427106 ...[more]

PMID: 35774827

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Project description:Phytophthora root and stem rot caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most destructive diseases of soybean. Deploying soybean cultivars carrying race-specific resistance conferred by Rps genes is the most practicalapproach to managing this disease. Previously, two Rps genes, RpsUN1 and RpsUN2 conferring broad spectra of resistance to P. sojae isolates, were identified in a landrace PI 567139B and mapped to a 6.5-cM region on chromosome 3 and a 3.0-cM region on chromosome 16, corresponding to 840 kb and 600 kb of sequences, respectively,of the soybean reference genome. By analyzing ten and nine recombinants defined by genotypic and phenotypic screening of the 826 F2:3 families derived from two reciprocal crosses between the two parental lines of the mapping populations, RpsUN1 and RpsUN2 were further narrowed to a 151-kb region that harbors five genes including three NBS-LRR genes, and a 36-kb region that contains four genes including five NBS-LRR genes, respectively, according to the reference genome. Analysis of expressional changes of these nine genes before and after inoculation with the pathogen suggest that the counterparts of Glyma.03g034600 in the RpsUN1 region and the counterparts of Glyma.16g215200 and Glyma.16g214900 in the RpsUN2 region of PI 567139B may be associated with the resistance to P. sojae. It is also suggested that unequal recombination between different NBS-LRR genes in the mapped regions may have occurred, resulting in the formation of two recombinants with inconsistent genotypes and phenotypes detected by molecular markers within the fine-mapped regions. The haplotypes of genomic regions surrounding RpsUN1 and RpsUN2 in the entire soybean germplasm deposited in the US soybean germplasm collection were analyzed towards a better understanding of the origins of these two novel sources of resistance and screening of effective markers for marker-assisted selectionof these two resistance genes for soybean breeding.

Project description:Phytophthora root rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae is a destructive disease of soybean (Glycine max) worldwide. We previously confirmed that the bHLH transcription factor GmPIB1 (P. sojae-inducible bHLH transcription factor) reduces accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells by inhibiting expression of the peroxidase-related gene GmSPOD thus improving the resistance of hairy roots to P. sojae. To identify proteins interacting with GmPIB1 and assess their participation in the defense response to P. sojae, we obtained transgenic soybean hairy roots overexpressing GmPIB1 by Agrobacterium rhizogenes mediated transformation and examined GmPIB1 protein-protein interactions using immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry. We identified 392 proteins likely interacting with GmPIB1 and selected 20 candidate genes, and only 26S proteasome regulatory subunit GmPSMD (Genbank accession no. XP_014631720) interacted with GmPIB1 in luciferase complementation and pull-down experiments and yeast two-hybrid assays. Overexpression of GmPSMD (GmPSMD-OE) in soybean hairy roots remarkably improved resistance to P. sojae and RNA interference of GmPSMD (GmPSMD -RNAi) increased susceptibility. In addition, accumulation of total ROS and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in GmPSMD-OE transgenic soybean hairy roots were remarkably lower than those of the control after P. sojae infection. Moreover, in GmPSMD-RNAi transgenic soybean hairy roots, H2O2 and the accumulation of total ROS exceeded those of the control. There was no obvious difference in superoxide anion (O2 -) content between control and transgenic hairy roots. Antioxidant enzymes include peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) are responsible for ROS scavenging in soybean. The activities of these antioxidant enzymes were remarkably higher in GmPSMD-OE transgenic soybean hairy roots than those in control, but were reduced in GmPSMD-RNAi transgenic soybean hairy roots. Moreover, the activity of 26S proteasome in GmPSMD-OE and GmPIB1-OE transgenic soybean hairy roots was significantly higher than that in control and was significantly lower in PSMD-RNAi soybean hairy roots after P. sojae infection. These data suggest that GmPSMD might reduce the production of ROS by improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as POD, SOD, GPX, CAT, and GmPSMD plays a significant role in the response of soybean to P. sojae. Our study reveals a valuable mechanism for regulation of the pathogen response by the 26S proteasome in soybean.

Dataset Information

Identification of Candidate Genes for a Major Quantitative Disease Resistance Locus From Soybean PI 427105B for Resistance to Phytophthora sojae.

Publications

Identification of Candidate Genes for a Major Quantitative Disease Resistance Locus From Soybean PI 427105B for Resistance to <i>Phytophthora sojae</i>.

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