Increased antibody titers and reduced seronegativity following fourth mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cancer.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ehmsen S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9247283 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:Abstract Messenger RNA vaccines are the main COVID-19 vaccines authorized for use in the United States. Side effects are typically minor and transient. We report a case series of four subjects with an acute myocarditis-like illness following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination who were hospitalized at our hospital in Lubbock, Texas. Three patients were young men who presented with acute chest pain after the second dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. Another patient was a 53-year-old white woman who presented with acute left arm pain 3 days after the first dose of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. She was later found to have acute decompensated heart failure, and endomyocardial biopsy revealed eosinophilic injury–mediated myocarditis.
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Project description:BackgroundClinical trials of the BNT162b2 vaccine, revealed efficacy and safety. We report six cases of myocarditis, which occurred shortly after BNT162b2 vaccination.MethodsPatients were identified upon presentation to the emergency department with symptoms of chest pain/discomfort. In all study patients, we excluded past and current COVID-19. Routine clinical and laboratory investigations for common etiologies of myocarditis were performed. Laboratory tests also included troponin and C-reactive protein levels. The diagnosis of myocarditis was established after cardiac MRI.FindingsFive patients presented after the second and one after the first dose of the vaccine. All patients were males with a median age of 23 years. Myocarditis was diagnosed in all patients, there was no evidence of COVID-19 infection. Laboratory assays excluded concomitant infection; autoimmune disorder was considered unlikely. All patients responded to the BNT162b2 vaccine. The clinical course was mild in all six patients.InterpretationOur report of myocarditis after BNT162b2 vaccination may be possibly considered as an adverse reaction following immunization. We believe our information should be interpreted with caution and further surveillance is warranted.
| S-EPMC8162819 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8313483 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundPublic health measures to stem the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are challenged by social, economic, health status, and cultural disparities that facilitate disease transmission and amplify its severity. Prior pre-clinical biomedical technologic advances in nucleic acid-based vaccination enabled unprecedented speed of conceptualization, development, production, and widespread distribution of mRNA vaccines that target SARS-CoV-2's Spike (S) protein.DesignTwenty-five female and male volunteer fulltime employees at the Providence VA Medical Center participated in this study to examine longitudinal antibody responses to the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine. IgM-S and IgG-S were measured in serum using the Abbott IgM-S-Qualitative and IgG2-S-Quantitative chemiluminescent assays.ResultsPeak IgM responses after Vaccine Dose #1 were delayed in 6 (24%) and absent in 7 (28%) participants. IgG2-S peak responses primarily occurred 40 to 44 days after Vaccine Dose #1, which was also 11 to 14 days after Vaccine Dose #2. However, subgroups exhibited Strong (n = 6; 24%), Normal (n = 13; 52%), or Weak (n = 6; 24%) peak level responses that differed significantly from each other (P < .005 or better). The post-peak IgG2-S levels declined progressively, and within 6 months reached the mean level measured 1 month after Vaccine Dose #1. Weak responders exhibited persistently low levels of IgG2-S. Variability in vaccine responsiveness was unrelated to age or gender.ConclusionHost responses to SARS-CoV-2-Spike mRNA vaccines vary in magnitude, duration and occurrence. This study raises concern about the lack of vaccine protection in as many as 8% of otherwise normal people, and the need for open dialog about future re-boosting requirements to ensure long-lasting immunity via mRNA vaccination versus natural infection.
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Project description:It is urgently needed to evaluate the necessity and benefits of booster vaccination to facilitate clinical decision-making for recovered COVID-19 patients. In this study, we conducted a multicentre, prospective clinical trial of the earliest COVID-19 patients with a definitive history of direct or indirect exposure to SARS-CoV-2 through Hubei Province from three Chinese hospitals to evaluate the efficiency, safety and immune response of CoronaVac (an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine). Convalescent patients with high titres (≥ 1:96) or non-severe also exhibited higher frequency of long COVID-19 symptoms. One booster dose in convalescent patients with antibody titres below 1:96 significantly induced neutralizing antibodies against prototypic SARS-CoV-2 and the Delta variant by 13.03- and 9.27-fold, respectively. Transient adverse events occurred in three out of the twenty-eight immunized participants (10.71%). In addition, the ratio of naïve T cells increased dramatically, and TEMRA and TEM cells gradually decreased post vaccination. The expression levels of activation-induced cell death and apoptosis-related genes were significantly elevated after vaccination in all T-cell subtypes in convalescent patients. Our results indicate that vaccine-mediated T-cell consumption and regeneration patterns may be detrimental to the antiviral response.
2024-01-15 | GSE219086 | GEO
Project description:Abstract Background Vaccination is the most important measure to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Myocarditis has been reported as a rare adverse reaction to COVID-19 vaccines. The clinical presentation of myocarditis in such cases can range from mild general symptoms to acute heart failure. Case summary We report the cases of two young men who presented with chest pain and dyspnoea following the administration of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Cardiac investigations revealed findings typical of acute myocarditis. Discussion Myocarditis is a rare complication following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. In this case series, the temporal proximity of the development of acute myocarditis and the administration of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine was acknowledged. In the absence of other causative factors, myocarditis in these patients potentially occurred due to an adverse reaction to the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. However, a causal relationship remains speculative. Clinical suspicion of myocarditis should be high if patients present with chest pain or dyspnoea after receiving COVID-19 vaccination.
| S-EPMC8755378 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has spread worldwide, resulting in health and economic crises. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection is considered a valid prevention measure to control this pandemic. There have been reports of cases of myopericarditis following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. We present a case of a 20-year-old man with recurrent myopericarditis following an initial episode of influenza virus-induced myopericarditis and after receiving a second dose of the mRNA-1273 Moderna COVID-19 vaccine. Careful attention should be paid to patients with a history of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination.
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Project description:To find baseline markers that accurately predict vaccine reactivity and evaluate the correlation between baseline blood and urine proteomics and antibody titers after COVID-19 vaccination.
2023-11-09 | PXD036380 | iProX
Project description:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination frequently leads to minor side-effects, that may be more intense after the second dose, but more serious side effects have been reported. We report a case of a 24-year-old man who presented to the hospital with acute substernal chest pain, 4 days after his second COVID-19 Moderna vaccination. Laboratory studies revealed elevated troponins and negative viral serologies. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) demonstrated edema and delayed gadolinium enhancement of the left ventricle in a midmyocardial and epicardial distribution. The patient was diagnosed with myocarditis following Moderna vaccination. Our case report raises concern that myocarditis is a rare side effect of COVID-19 vaccine. Despite our report, it appears that there is a significantly higher risk of cardiac involvement from COVID-19 infection compared to COVID-19 vaccination.
| S-EPMC8130498 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNA was extracted from whole blood of subjects collected in Tempus tubes prior to COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination. D01 and D21 correspond to samples collected at pre-dose 1 and pre-dose 2 respectively. RNA was also extracted from blood collected at indicated time points post-vaccination. DB1, DB2, DB4 and DB7 correspond to booster day 1 (pre-booster), booster day 2, booster day 4 and booster day 7 respectively. The case subject experienced cardiac complication following mRNA booster vaccination. We performed gene expression analysis of case versus controls over time.
2023-03-20 | E-MTAB-12829 | biostudies-arrayexpress