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Prevalence and Correlates of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

ABSTRACT: Background: Motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome is considered to be a pre-dementia syndrome. Although an increasing number of studies have begun to focus on this syndrome, few investigations have been launched in China. This study was performed to examine the prevalence and correlates of MCR in China. Methods: We included 5,725 adults aged over 60 years from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). MCR was defined as the presence of subjective cognitive complaints and a gait speed ≤20th percentile of the weighted population distribution adjusted for sex and height. The associations among selected modifiable associated factors and clinical measures with MCR were examined using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Of the participants, 414 met the criteria for MCR with an overall prevalence 7.29% (95% CI: 6.62–7.96%). MCR was found to be more prevalent among women than men (9.73 vs 4.85%), and more prevalent among participants ≥75 years than those <75 years (7.85 vs 5.23%). After multivariable adjustment, lower or upper extremity functional limitations, activities of daily living (ADL) disabilities, weak grip strength, exhaustion, and history of hypertension were found to be significantly associated with MCR. The multivariate analysis also showed higher levels of cystatin C and C-reactive protein were associated with increased odds for MCR. Conclusions: The present study showed that MCR syndrome is highly prevalent among Chinese community-dwelling older adults, and revealed several factors that were correlated with MCR. Longitudinal studies are warranted to further explore the modifiable risk factors of MCR.

SUBMITTER: Bai A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9261413 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Physical frailty, characterized by reduced physiologic complexity and ability to cope with stressors, is closely associated with cognitive impairment, which increases the risk of poor clinical outcomes. To better capture the association between frailty and cognitive impairment, a new construct, cognitive frailty, has been proposed. Cognitive frailty is a clinical condition characterized by the simultaneous presence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment. There is little evidence on the relationship between physical frailty and cognition, as well as cognitive frailty, in Chinese older adults. We aimed to elucidate whether physical frailty is associated with cognitive impairment in an older Chinese population. METHODS:Data were obtained from the China Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment Study. The sample comprised 3202 community-dwelling adults, aged 60 years and older, from seven Chinese cities. Physical frailty was assessed using a modified, four-item version of the Fried criteria, according to frailty phenotype. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). RESULTS:The prevalence of physical frailty, prefrailty, cognitive impairment, and cognitive frailty was 9.9, 33.9, 7.5, and 2.3%, respectively (weighted: 8.8, 33.8, 6.5, and 2.0%). The prevalence of the combination of prefrail/frail and cognitive impairment was 5.1% (weighted 4.5%). Frail participants performed worse on global cognition and all cognitive domains than robust and prefrail participants. The MMSE total score was positively correlated with walking speed and negatively correlated with age and frailty. A multivariate logistic regression revealed that after adjusting for age, gender, education level, living area, and chronic diseases, frailty, exhaustion, slowness, and inactivity were significantly associated with poor global cognition. CONCLUSIONS:The standard prevalence of physical frailty, prefrailty, cognitive impairment, and cognitive frailty in community-dwelling older adults in China was 8.8, 33.8, 6.5, and 2.0%, respectively. Frailty, exhaustion, slowness, and inactivity were significantly associated with poor global cognition.

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Prevalence and Correlates of Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older Adults

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