Widely Targeted Lipidomics and Transcriptomics Analysis Revealed Changes of Lipid Metabolism in Spleen Dendritic Cells in Shrimp Allergy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Sun S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9265612 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundIt has been previously demonstrated that cholesterol content and cholesterol/phospholipid ratio were significantly higher in asthenozoospermia and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. The majority of published studies have investigated the fatty acid composition of phospholipids rather than lipids themselves. This study evaluated the lipid composition of asthenozoospermic and normozoospermic spermatozoa, and identified the exact lipid species that correlated with sperm motility.MethodsA total of 12 infertile asthenozoospermia patients and 12 normozoospermia subjects with normal sperm motility values were tested for semen volume, sperm concentration, count, motility, vitality and morphology. High-coverage targeted lipidomics with 25 individual lipid classes was performed to analyze the sperm lipid components and establish the exact lipid species that correlated with sperm motility.ResultsA total of 25 individual lipid classes and 479 lipid molecular species were identified and quantified. Asthenozoospermic spermatozoa showed an increase in the level of four lipid classes, including Cho, PE, LPI and GM3. A total of 48 lipid molecular species were significantly altered between normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic spermatozoa. Furthermore, the levels of total GM3 and six GM3 molecular species, which were altered in normozoospermic spermatozoa versus asthenozoospermic spermatozoa, were inversely correlated with sperm progressive and total motility.ConclusionsSeveral unique lipid classes and lipid molecular species were significantly altered between asthenozoospermic and normozoospermic spermatozoa, revealing new possibilities for further mechanistic pursuits and highlighting the development needs of culture medium formulations to improve sperm motility.
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Project description:The rubber tree is the primary source of natural rubber and is mainly cultivated in Southeast Asian countries. Low temperature is the major abiotic stress affecting the yield of the rubber tree. Therefore, uncovering the cold resistance mechanism in the rubber tree is necessary. The present study used RNA-sequencing technology and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to analyze the transcriptomic and metabolomic changes in two rubber tree clones with different cold resistance capacities (temperature-sensitive Reyan 8-79 and cold-resistant Yunyan 77-4) at 0 h, 2 h, 6 h, and 20 h of exposure to 4°C. Independent analysis of the transcriptome and metabolitome showed that under prolonged low-temperature treatment, Yunyan 77-4 expressed more genes involved in regulating enzyme activity, changing cell permeability, and synthesizing significant metabolites, such as flavonoids and amino acids, than Reyan 8-79. The KEGG annotation and enrichment analysis identified arginine metabolism and biosynthesis of flavonoids as the major pathway associated with cold resistance. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis showed that the increase in the expression of genes modulated flavonoid biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, and anthocyanins biosynthesis, resulting in higher levels of metabolites, such as naringenin chalcone, apigenin, dihydroquercetin, cyanidin 3-glucoside, L-arginosuccinate, N-acetyl-ornithine, ornithine, and N-acetyl-glutamate, in Yunyan 77-4 than in Reyan 8-79 after prolonged low-temperature treatment. Phylogenetic analysis identified the genes, such as CHS (gene356) and F3H (gene33147) of flavonoid biosynthesis and NAGS (gene16028, gene33765), ArgC (gene2487), and ASS (gene6161) of arginine biosynthesis were the key genes involved in the cold resistant of rubber tree. Thus, the present study provides novel insights into how rubber clones resist cold and is a valuable reference for cold-resistance breeding.
| S-EPMC9871781 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The metabolic characteristics of COVID-19 disease are still largely unknown. Here, 44 patients with COVID-19 (31 mild COVID-19 patients and 13 severe COVID-19 patients), 42 healthy controls (HC), and 42 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), were involved in the study to assess their serum metabolomic profiles. We used widely targeted metabolomics based on an ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The differentially expressed metabolites in the plasma of mild and severe COVID-19 patients, CAP patients, and HC subjects were screened, and the main metabolic pathways involved were analyzed. Multiple mature machine learning algorithms confirmed that the metabolites performed excellently in discriminating COVID-19 groups from CAP and HC subjects, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 1. The specific dysregulation of AMP, dGMP, sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and carnitine was observed in the severe COVID-19 group. Moreover, random forest analysis suggested that these metabolites could discriminate between severe COVID-19 patients and mild COVID-19 patients, with an AUC of 0.921. This study may broaden our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of COVID-19 and may offer an experimental basis for developing novel treatment strategies against it.
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Project description:BackgroundClinical management of shrimp allergy is hampered by the lack of accurate tests. Molecular diagnosis has been shown to more accurately reflect the clinical reactivity but the full spectrum of shrimp allergens and their clinical relevance are yet to be established. We therefore sought to comprehend the allergen repertoire of shrimp, investigate and compare the sensitization pattern and diagnostic value of the allergens in allergic subjects of two distinct populations.MethodsSera were collected from 85 subjects with challenge-proven or doctor-diagnosed shrimp allergy in Hong Kong and Thailand. The IgE-binding proteins of Penaeus monodon were probed by Western blotting and identified by mass spectrometry. Recombinant shrimp allergens were synthesized and analyzed for IgE sensitization by ELISA.ResultsTen IgE-binding proteins were identified, and a comprehensive panel of 11 recombinant shrimp allergens was generated. The major shrimp allergens among Hong Kong subjects were troponin C (Pen m 6) and glycogen phosphorylase (Pen m 14, 47.1%), tropomyosin (Pen m 1, 41.2%) and sarcoplasmic-calcium binding protein (Pen m 4, 35.3%), while those among Thai subjects were Pen m 1 (68.8%), Pen m 6 (50.0%) and fatty acid-binding protein (Pen m 13, 37.5%). Component-based tests yielded significantly higher area under curve values (0.77-0.96) than shrimp extract-IgE test (0.70-0.75). Yet the best component test differed between populations; Pen m 1-IgE test added diagnostic value only in the Thai cohort, whereas sensitizations to other components were better predictors of shrimp allergy in Hong Kong patients.ConclusionPen m 14 was identified as a novel shrimp allergen predictive of challenge outcome. Molecular diagnosis better predicts shrimp allergy than conventional tests, but the relevant component is population dependent.
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Project description:BackgroundPolymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are severe chronic autoimmune diseases, characterized by muscle fatigue and low muscle endurance. Conventional treatment includes high doses of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive drugs; however, few patients recover full muscle function. One explanation of the persistent muscle weakness could be altered lipid metabolism in PM/DM muscle tissue as we previously reported. Using a targeted lipidomic approach we aimed to characterize serum lipid profiles in patients with PM/DM compared to healthy individuals (HI) in a cross-sectional study. Also, in the longitudinal study we compared serum lipid profiles in patients newly diagnosed with PM/DM before and after immunosuppressive treatment.MethodsLipidomic profiles were analyzed in serum samples from 13 patients with PM/DM, 12 HI and 8 patients newly diagnosed with PM/DM before and after conventional immunosuppressive treatment using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and a gas-chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Functional Index (FI), as a test of muscle performance and serum levels of creatine kinase (s-CK) as a proxy for disease activity were analyzed.ResultsThe fatty acid (FA) composition of total serum lipids was altered in patients with PM/DM compared to HI; the levels of palmitic (16:0) acid were significantly higher while the levels of arachidonic (20:4, n-6) acid were significantly lower in patients with PM/DM. The profiles of serum phosphatidylcholine and triacylglycerol species were changed in patients with PM/DM compared to HI, suggesting disproportionate levels of saturated and polyunsaturated FAs that might have negative effects on muscle performance. After immunosuppressive treatment the total serum lipid levels of eicosadienoic (20:2, n-6) and eicosapentaenoic (20:5, n-3) acids were increased and serum phospholipid profiles were altered in patients with PM/DM. The correlation between FI or s-CK and levels of several lipid species indicate the important role of lipid changes in muscle performance and inflammation.ConclusionsSerum lipids profiles are significantly altered in patients with PM/DM compared to HI. Moreover, immunosuppressive treatment in patients newly diagnosed with PM/DM significantly affected serum lipid profiles. These findings provide new evidence of the dysregulated lipid metabolism in patients with PM/DM that could possibly contribute to low muscle performance.
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Project description:BackgroundThe high drug resistance and metabolic reprogramming of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are considered responsible for poor prognosis. In-depth research at multiple levels is urgently warranted to illustrate the lipid composition, distribution, and metabolic pathways of clinical ccRCC specimens.MethodsIn this project, a leading-edge targeted quantitative lipidomic study was conducted using 10 pairs of cancerous and adjacent normal tissues obtained from ccRCC patients. Accurate lipid quantification was performed according to a linear equation calculated using internal standards. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of lipids were performed with multiple reaction monitoring analysis based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Additionally, a multivariate statistical analysis was performed using data obtained on lipids.ResultsA total of 28 lipid classes were identified. Among them, the most abundant were triacylglycerol (TG), diacylglycerol (DG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). Cholesteryl ester (CE) was the lipid exhibiting the most considerable difference between normal samples and tumor samples. Lipid content, chain length, and chain unsaturation of acylcarnitine (CAR), CE, and DG were found to be significantly increased. Based on screening for variable importance in projection scores ≥1, as well as fold change limits between 0.5 and 2, 160 differentially expressed lipids were identified. CE was found to be the most significantly upregulated lipid, while TG was observed to be the most significantly downregulated lipid.ConclusionBased on the absolute quantitative analysis of lipids in ccRCC specimens, it was observed that the content and change trends varied in different lipid classes. Upregulation of CAR, CE, and DG was observed, and analysis of changes in the distribution helped clarify the causes of lipid accumulation in ccRCC and possible carcinogenic molecular mechanisms. The results and methods described herein provide a comprehensive analysis of ccRCC lipid metabolism and lay a theoretical foundation for cancer treatment.
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Project description:Cyperus esculentus is widely representing one of the important oil crops around the world, which provides valuable resources of edible tubers called tiger nut. The chemical composition and high ability to produce fats emphasize the role of tiger nut in promoting oil crop productivity. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of the production and accumulation of lipids in tiger nut development still remains unclear. Here, we conducted comprehensive transcriptomics and lipidomics analyses at different developmental stages of tuber in Cyperus esculentus. Lipidomic analyses confirmed that the accumulation of lipids including glycolipids, phospholipids, and glycerides were significantly enriched during tuber development from early to mature stage. The proportion of phosphatidylcholines (PC) declined during all stages and phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) was significantly declined in early and middle stages. These findings implied that PC is actively involved in triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis during the tubers development, whereas PE may participate in TAG metabolism during early and middle stages. Comparative transcriptomics analyses indicated several genomic and metabolic pathways associated with lipid metabolism during tuber development in tiger nut. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that TAG synthesis in different developmental stages was attributed to 37 candidate transcripts including CePAH1. The up-regulation of diacylglycerol (DAG) and oil content in yeast, resulted from the inducible expression of exogenous CePAH1 confirmed the central role of this candidate gene in lipid metabolism. Our results demonstrated the foundation of an integrative metabolic model for understanding the molecular mechanism of tuber development in tiger nut, in which lipid biosynthesis plays a central role.
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