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Dietary Supplement Use in Relation to Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors, including Adherence to Mediterranean-Style Diet in University Students.

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to examine socio-demographic and lifestyle determinants, including diet quality, of dietary supplement (DS) use among 2545 students who attended public universities in Warsaw. The data was collected using a self-administered health and lifestyle questionnaire and a 5-day dietary record method. Diet quality was assessed using a Mediterranean Diet Score. To determine the covariates of DS use, multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models with an estimation of odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used. The results showed that 41% of participants were DS users. The following predictors of DS use were identified: gender (male vs. female; OR:0.62, 95% CI:0.50-0.79), physical activity (high vs. low; OR:1.79, 95% CI:1.45-2.20), BMI (≥25 vs. 18.5-24.9 kg/m²; OR:0.77, 95% CI:0.61-0.98), cigarette smoking (yes vs. no; OR:0.67, 95% CI:0.52-0.86), and presence of chronic diseases (yes vs. no; OR:2.37, 95% CI:1.89-2.98). Moreover, higher nutritional knowledge, special diet usage, eating more meals/day, and fortified food consumption were determinants of DS use. Adherence to the Mediterranean-style diet was positively associated with DS use, a 1-score increment was associated with a 10% (p-trend = 0.011) higher probability of DS usage. Given that the use of vitamins and/or minerals is common among university students and their users are characterized by eating a higher quality diet, investigating the contribution of DS in overall dietary nutrient intake warrants further study.

SUBMITTER: Sicinska E

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9269239 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Different Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors Can Determine the Dietary Supplement Use in Children and Adolescents in Central-Eastern Poland.

Project description:Vitamin/mineral supplement (VMS) use has become increasingly popular in children and adolescents; however, different predictors may be associated with their usage. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare determinants of VMS use in 1578 children and adolescents. Data was collected among parents of children (?12 years old) and among adolescents (>12 years old) who attended public schools by a self-administered questionnaire. Multivariate-adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for determining the predictors of VMS use. In children, the following determinants of VMS use were indicated: socioeconomic status (average vs. very good/good; OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.16?2.48), physical activity (1?5 vs. <1 h/week; OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.02?2.04), BMI (?25 vs. 18.5?24.9 kg/m²; OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.46?0.98), and presence of chronic diseases (yes vs. no; OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.46?3.69). In adolescents, gender (male vs. female; OR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.37?0.87), residential area (rural vs. urban; OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40?0.99), BMI (<18.5 vs. 18.5?24.9 kg/m²; OR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.17?0.73), and health status (average/poor vs. at least good; OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.13?3.39) were factors of VMS use. In both groups, the mother's higher educational level, fortified food consumption and diet modification towards better food choices were predictors of VMS use. In conclusion, most of the predictors of VMS use were different in children and adolescents.

| S-EPMC6470763 | biostudies-literature

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Clusters of lifestyle behaviours and their associations with socio-demographic characteristics in Dutch toddlers.

Project description:PurposeThis study aimed to identify clusters of lifestyle behaviours in toddlers and assess associations with socio-demographic characteristics.MethodsWe used data from the Dutch National Food Consumption Survey 2012-2016 and included 646 children aged 1-3 years. Based on 24-h dietary recalls and a questionnaire, a two-step cluster analysis was conducted to identify clusters in the intake of fruit, vegetables, sugar-sweetened beverages and unhealthy snacks, physical activity and screen time. Logistic regression models assessed associations between socio-demographic characteristics and cluster allocation.ResultsThree clusters emerged from the data. The 'relatively healthy cluster' demonstrated a high intake of fruit and vegetables, low sugar-sweetened beverage and unhealthy snack intake and low screen time. The 'active snacking cluster' was characterised by high unhealthy snack intake and high physical activity, and the 'sedentary sweet beverage cluster' by high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and high screen time. Children aged 1 year were most likely to be allocated to the 'relatively healthy cluster'. Compared to children of parents with a high education level, children of parents with a low or middle education level were less likely to be in the 'relatively healthy cluster', but more likely to be in the 'sedentary sweet beverage cluster'.ConclusionClusters of lifestyle behaviours can be distinguished already in children aged 1-3 years. To promote healthy lifestyle behaviour, efforts may focus on maintaining healthy behaviour in 1-year-olds and more on switching towards healthy behaviour in 2- and 3-year-olds.

| S-EPMC10030397 | biostudies-literature

Adherence to a Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern and Cancer Risk in a Prospective Cohort Study.

Project description:A Mediterranean-style diet is a healthy eating pattern that may benefit cancer risk, but evidence among Americans is scarce. We examined the prospective association between adherence to such a diet pattern and total cancer risk. A Mediterranean-style dietary pattern (MSDP) score was derived from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at exam 5 (1991-1995). Subjects included 2966 participants of the Framingham Offspring Study who were free of prevalent cancer. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for demographic, lifestyle, and anthropometric measures. Cox-models were also used to examine effect modification by lifestyle and anthropometric measures. During 18 years of median follow-up, 259 women and 352 men were diagnosed with cancer. Women with moderate or higher adherence to the MSDP had ≥25% lower risks of cancer than women with the lowest MSDP (HR (moderate vs. lowest): 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52-0.97 and HR (highest vs. lowest): 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55-0.99). The association between MSDP score and cancer risk in men was weaker except in non-smokers. Beneficial effects of the MSDP in women were stronger among those who were not overweight. In this study, higher adherence to MSDP was associated with lower cancer risk, especially among women.

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Association of Adherence to the Mediterranean-Style Diet with Lower Frailty Index in Older Adults.

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