Importance of respiratory syncytial virus as a predictor of hospital length of stay in bronchiolitis [version 4; peer review: 2 approved]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Buendia J
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9277196 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Similar Datasets
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC5029757 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect segments of the M (matrix), N (nucleoprotein), and F (fusion) genes of human metapneumovirus in bronchoalveolar fluid from 30 infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. Seventy percent of them were coinfected with metapneumovirus. Such coinfection might be a factor influencing the severity of bronchiolitis.
| S-EPMC2958536 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background: There is limited data on how different RSV genotypes and associated viral loads influence disease phenotypes. We characterized the genetic variability of RSV strains during five non-consecutive respiratory seasons, and evaluated the role of RSV subtypes, genotypes and viral loads on clinical disease severity. Methods: Healthy infants hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis were prospectively enrolled and nasopharyngeal samples obtained within 24h of hospitalization for RSV load quantitation by PCR, typing and genotyping. Parameters of disease severity were assessed, and multivariate models constructed to identify virologic and clinical factors predictive of clinical outcomes. Results: From March 2004 to April 2011, we enrolled 253 patients (56.5 % males; median age 2.1 (1.1-4.0) months). RSV A infections predominated over RSV B (69% vs. 31%; p<0.001) and showed greater genotype variability. The most common genotypes were RSV A/GA2, A/GA5 and RSV B/BA. Infants infected with RSV GA5 had higher viral loads compared with GA2 or BA infection (p<0.01), independent of duration of symptoms. After adjusting for other covariates, RSV A/GA5 infections were associated with longer hospital stay. Conclusions: RSV A infections were more frequent than RSV B infections and displayed greater genetic variability. Infections with GA5 were independently associated with clinical disease severity.
2018-03-21 | GSE103842 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Following RSV bronchiolitis, 50% of children develop post-bronchiolitis wheeze (PBW). Animal studies have suggested that interleukin (IL)-10 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis and subsequent airway hyperresponsiveness. Previously, we showed that ex vivo monocyte IL-10 production is a predictor of PBW. Additionally, heterozygosity of the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1800872 in the IL10 promoter region was associated with protection against RSV bronchiolitis. METHODS: This study aimed to determine the in vivo role of IL-10 in RSV pathogenesis and recurrent wheeze in a new cohort of 235 infants hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis. IL-10 levels in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were measured at the time of hospitalization and the IL10 SNP rs1800872 genotype was determined. Follow-up data were available for 185 children (79%). RESULTS: Local IL-10 levels during RSV infection turned out to be higher in infants that later developed physician diagnosed PBW as compared to infants without PBW in the first year after RSV infection (958 vs 692 pg/ml, p = 0.02). The IL10 promoter SNP rs1800872 was not associated with IL-10 concentration in NPAs. CONCLUSION: The relationship between high local IL-10 levels during the initial RSV infection and physician diagnosed PBW provides further evidence of the importance of the IL-10 response during RSV bronchiolitis.
| S-EPMC3179726 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Immune response after viral infection usually involves T(H)1-mediated response; however, severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection appears to be associated with the development of asthma, a T(H)2-predominant phenotype.To understand the early and subsequent immunologic response to a serious RSV infection in children over time.A total of 206 previously healthy infants hospitalized with severe RSV bronchiolitis were enrolled in a prospective cohort called the RSV Bronchiolitis in Early Life study. Peripheral blood T cells were obtained immediately after RSV infection and at 2, 4, and 6 years of age, stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin, and analyzed for IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, and IFN-gamma by flow cytometry and real-time PCR.Of the children, 48% (n = 97) developed asthma (physician-diagnosed), and 48% (n = 97) had eczema by age 6 years; 32% (n = 48 of 150) developed allergic sensitization by 3 years of age. Children with asthma had lower IL-13 expression at 6 years of age than those without (P = .001). IFN-gamma, IL-2, and IL-4 levels did not differ by asthma or eczema status during follow-up (all P > .05). Allergic sensitization was not associated with differences in cytokine levels during follow-up (all P > .05).Severe RSV infection early in life is associated with a high incidence of asthma and eczema. Contrary to expectations, subsequent immunologic development in those who developed asthma, eczema, or allergic sensitization was not associated with a T(H)2 phenotype in the peripheral blood.
| S-EPMC2597800 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundEarly-life severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis is a risk factor for childhood asthma. Because azithromycin may attenuate airway inflammation during RSV bronchiolitis, we evaluated whether it would reduce the occurrence of post-RSV recurrent wheeze.MethodsWe prospectively enrolled 200 otherwise healthy 1- to 18-month-old children hospitalized with RSV bronchiolitis in this single-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study and randomly assigned them to receive oral azithromycin (10 mg/kg daily for 7 days, followed by 5 mg/kg daily for 7 days) or placebo. Randomization was stratified by recent open-label antibiotic use. The primary outcome was the occurrence of recurrent wheeze, defined as a third episode of post-RSV wheeze over the following 2 to 4 years.ResultsAs an indication of the biologic activity of azithromycin, nasal wash interleukin-8 levels, at day 14 after randomization, were lower among azithromycin-treated participants (P<0.01). Despite evidence of biologic activity, azithromycin did not reduce the risk of post-RSV recurrent wheeze (47% in the azithromycin group vs. 36% in the placebo group; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92 to 2.29; P=0.11). Azithromycin also did not modify the risk of recurrent wheeze among participants already receiving other antibiotic treatment at the time of enrollment (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.43 to 2.07). There was a potential signal among antibiotic-naïve participants who received azithromycin to have an increased risk of recurrent wheeze (hazard ratio, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.03 to 3.1).ConclusionsAzithromycin therapy for 14 days during acute severe RSV bronchiolitis did not reduce recurrent wheeze occurrence over the following 2 to 4 years. Our data suggest no benefit of azithromycin administration with the goal of preventing recurrent wheeze in later life. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02911935.).
| S-EPMC10448891 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of viral bronchiolitis in infants worldwide, and environmental, viral and host factors are all of importance for disease susceptibility and severity. To study the systemic host response to this disease we used the microarray technology to measure mRNA gene expression levels in whole blood of five male infants hospitalised with acute RSV, subtype B, bronchiolitis versus five one year old male controls exposed to RSV during infancy without bronchiolitis. The gene expression levels were further evaluated in a new experiment using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) both in the five infants selected for microarray and in 13 other infants hospitalised with the same disease.ResultsAmong the 30 genes most differentially expressed by microarray nearly 50% were involved in immunological processes. We found the highly upregulated interferon, alpha-inducible protein 27 (IFI27) and the highly downregulated gene Charcot-Leyden crystal protein (CLC) to be the two most differentially expressed genes in the microarray study. When performing QRT-PCR on these genes IFI27 was upregulated in all but one infant, and CLC was downregulated in all 18 infants, and similar to that given by microarray.ConclusionThe gene IFI27 is upregulated and the gene CLC is downregulated in whole blood of infants hospitalised with RSV, subtype B, bronchiolitis and is not reported before. More studies are needed to elucidate the specificity of these gene expressions in association with host response to this virus in bronchiolitis of moderate severity.
| S-EPMC1713240 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Respiratory syncytial virus has a negative-sense single-stranded RNA genome constitutively encapsidated by the viral nucleoprotein N, forming a helical nucleocapsid which is the template for viral transcription and replication by the viral polymerase L. Recruitment of L onto the nucleocapsid depends on the viral phosphoprotein P, which is an essential L cofactor. A prerequisite for genome and antigenome encapsidation is the presence of the monomeric, RNA-free, neosynthesized N protein, named N0. Stabilization of N0 depends on the binding of the N-terminal residues of P to its surface, which prevents N oligomerization. However, the mechanism involved in the transition from N0-P to nucleocapsid assembly, and thus in the specificity of viral genome encapsidation, is still unknown. Furthermore, the specific role of N oligomerization and RNA in the morphogenesis of viral factories, where viral transcription and replication occur, have not been elucidated although the interaction between P and N complexed to RNA has been shown to be responsible for this process. Here, using a chimeric protein comprising N and the first 40 N-terminal residues of P, we succeeded in purifying a recombinant N0-like protein competent for RNA encapsidation in vitro. Our results showed the importance of RNA length for stable encapsidation and revealed that the nature of the 5' end of RNA does not explain the specificity of encapsidation. Finally, we showed that RNA encapsidation is crucial for the in vitro reconstitution of pseudo-viral factories. Together, our findings provide insight into respiratory syncytial virus viral genome encapsidation specificity.
| S-EPMC9436823 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:Bronchiolitis, the leading cause of hospitalization among infants in the United States, is most commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), followed by rhinovirus (RV). Conventional perception is that bronchiolitis is a single entity, albeit with different viral etiologies and degrees of severity. Methods:We conducted a cross-sectional study of nasopharyngeal aspirates from 106 infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis due to either RSV only (80 patients) or RV only (26 patients). We performed metabolomics analysis and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing on all samples and metagenomic sequencing on 58 of 106 samples. Results:Infants with RSV-only and RV-only infections had significantly different nasopharyngeal metabolome profiles (P < .001) and bacterial metagenome profiles (P < .05). RSV-only infection was associated with metabolites from a range of pathways and with a microbiome dominated by Streptococcus pneumoniae. By contrast, RV-only infection was associated with increased levels of essential and nonessential N-acetyl amino acids and with a high relative abundance of Haemophilus influenzae. These co-occurring species were associated with driving the bacterially derived metabolic pathways. Multi-omic analysis showed that both the virus and the microbiome were significantly associated with metabolic function in infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Conclusion:Although replication of these findings is necessary, they highlight that bronchiolitis is not a uniform disease between RSV and RV infections, a result with future implications for prevention and treatment.
| S-EPMC5939849 | biostudies-literature
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2024-05-29 | GSE232687 | GEO