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Drought reduces water uptake in beech from the drying topsoil, but no compensatory uptake occurs from deeper soil layers.

ABSTRACT: The intensity and frequency of droughts events are projected to increase in future with expected adverse effects for forests. Thus, information on the dynamics of tree water uptake from different soil layers during and after drought is crucial. We applied an in situ water isotopologue monitoring system to determine the oxygen isotope composition in soil and xylem water of European beech with a 2-h resolution together with measurements of soil water content, transpiration and tree water deficit. Using a Bayesian isotope mixing model, we inferred the relative and absolute contribution of water from four different soil layers to tree water use. Beech took up more than 50% of its water from the uppermost 5 cm soil layer at the beginning of the 2018 drought, but then reduced absolute water uptake from the drying topsoil by 84%. The trees were not able to quantitatively compensate for restricted topsoil water availability by additional uptake from deeper soil layers, which is related to the fine root depth distribution. Absolute water uptake from the topsoil was restored to pre-drought levels within 3 wk after rewetting. These uptake patterns help to explain both the drought sensitivity of beech and its high recovery potential after drought release.

SUBMITTER: Gessler A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9293437 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Compensatory endocytosis occurs after cortical granule exocytosis in mouse eggs.

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More homogeneous capillary flow and oxygenation in deeper cortical layers correlate with increased oxygen extraction.

Project description:Our understanding of how capillary blood flow and oxygen distribute across cortical layers to meet the local metabolic demand is incomplete. We addressed this question by using two-photon imaging of resting-state microvascular oxygen partial pressure (PO2) and flow in the whisker barrel cortex in awake mice. Our measurements in layers I-V show that the capillary red-blood-cell flux and oxygenation heterogeneity, and the intracapillary resistance to oxygen delivery, all decrease with depth, reaching a minimum around layer IV, while the depth-dependent oxygen extraction fraction is increased in layer IV, where oxygen demand is presumably the highest. Our findings suggest that more homogeneous distribution of the physiological observables relevant to oxygen transport to tissue is an important part of the microvascular network adaptation to local brain metabolism. These results will inform the biophysical models of layer-specific cerebral oxygen delivery and consumption and improve our understanding of the diseases that affect cerebral microcirculation.

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Extreme summer heat and drought lead to early fruit abortion in European beech.

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| S-EPMC7093476 | biostudies-literature

Genomic basis for drought resistance in European beech forests threatened by climate change.

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| S-EPMC8955490 | biostudies-literature

Root hydraulic phenotypes impacting water uptake in drying soils.

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| S-EPMC9303794 | biostudies-literature

topsoil

Project description:Microbial community composition and functional genes in response to experimental warming

| PRJNA1113361 | ENA

topsoil

Project description:Microbial communities for soil organic matter fractions

| PRJNA1135446 | ENA

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Decomposition of old organic matter as a result of deeper active layers in a snow depth manipulation experiment.

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