Dataset Information

Influence of maternal vomiting during early pregnancy on school-age respiratory health.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hyperemesis gravidarum, a clinical entity characterized by severe nausea and excess vomiting, might lead to a suboptimal maternal nutritional status during pregnancy and subsequently to adverse respiratory health in the offspring. The role of common vomiting symptoms on offspring's respiratory health is unclear. We examined the associations of maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy with childhood respiratory outcomes, and potential explaining factors.

Methods

This study was embedded in a population-based prospective cohort study from early pregnancy onwards among 4232 mothers and their children. Maternal vomiting during early pregnancy was assessed by a questionnaire. At age 10 years, information on current wheezing and ever asthma was obtained by a questionnaire, and lung function was measured by spirometry at our research center. We used multiple regression analyses to assess the associations of maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy with childhood respiratory outcomes.

Results

Compared to children from mothers without daily vomiting during early pregnancy, children from mothers with daily vomiting during early pregnancy had a higher forced expiratory flow when 75% of the forced vital capacity (FVC) is exhaled (Z-score difference [95% confidence interval, CI]: 0.13 [0.03, 0.23]), and an increased risk of current wheezing and ever asthma ([odds ratio, OR] [95% CI]: 1.75 [1.10, 2.79] and 1.61 [1.13, 2.31], respectively). These associations were fully explained by sociodemographic factors, but not sex or lifestyle-, infectious-, or growth-related factors. Maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy was not associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁ ), FVC, and FEV₁ /FVC.

Conclusion

Only sociodemographic factors explain the associations of maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy with childhood respiratory outcomes.

SUBMITTER: Poeran-Bahadoer SD

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9299134 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that low birth weight and fetal exposure to extreme maternal undernutrition is associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Hyperemesis gravidarum, a clinical entity characterized by severe nausea and excess vomiting leading to a suboptimal maternal nutritional status during early pregnancy, is associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Several studies also showed that different measures related to hyperemesis gravidarum, such as maternal daily vomiting or severe weight loss, are associated with increased risks of adverse fetal pregnancy outcomes. Not much is known about long-term offspring consequences of maternal hyperemesis gravidarum and related measures during pregnancy. We examined the associations of maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy, as a measure related to hyperemesis gravidarum, with childhood cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS:In a population-based prospective cohort study from early pregnancy onwards among 4,769 mothers and their children in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, we measured childhood body mass index, total fat mass percentage, android/gynoid fat mass ratio, preperitoneal fat mass area, blood pressure, lipids, and insulin levels. We used multiple regression analyses to assess the associations of maternal vomiting during early pregnancy with childhood cardiovascular outcomes. RESULTS:Compared with the children of mothers without daily vomiting during early pregnancy, the children of mothers with daily vomiting during early pregnancy had a higher childhood total body fat mass (difference 0.12 standard deviation score [SDS]; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03-0.20), android/gynoid fat mass ratio (difference 0.13 SDS; 95% CI 0.04-0.23), and preperitoneal fat mass area (difference 0.10 SDS; 95% CI 0-0.20). These associations were not explained by birth characteristics but partly explained by higher infant growth. Maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy was not associated with childhood blood pressure, lipids, and insulin levels. CONCLUSIONS:Maternal daily vomiting during early pregnancy is associated with higher childhood total body fat mass and abdominal fat mass levels, but not with other cardiovascular risk factors. Further studies are needed to replicate these findings, to explore the underlying mechanisms and to assess the long-term consequences.

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