Dataset Information

Examining Disparities and Excess Cardiovascular Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate the patterns and demographic features of cardiovascular disease (CVD) death and subtypes myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure in the pre-COVID-19 era (2018-2019) vs during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) in the United States.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, we used the US Multiple Cause of Death files for 2018 to 2021 to examine the trend of excess cause-specific deaths using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for CVD (I00 to I99), MI (I21 and I22), stroke (I60 to I69), and heart failure (I42 and I50). Our primary outcome was excess mortality from CVD and its 3 subtypes (MI, stroke, and heart failure) between prepandemic (2018-2019) and pandemic (2020-2021) years. We performed a subgroup analysis on race and month-to-month and year-to-year variation using χ² analysis to test statistical significance.

Results

Overall, 3,598,352 CVD deaths were analyzed during the study period. There was a 6.7% excess CVD mortality, 2.5% MI mortality, and 8.5% stroke mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) compared with the prepandemic era (2018-2019). Black individuals had higher excess CVD mortality (13.8%) than White individuals (5.1%; P<.001). This remained consistent across subtypes of CVD, including MI (9.6% vs 1.0%; P<.001), stroke (14.5% vs 6.9%; P<.001), and heart failure (5.1% vs -1.2%; P<.001).

Conclusion

There has been a significant rise in CVD and subtype-specific mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic that has been persistent despite 2 years since the onset of the pandemic. Excess CVD mortality has disproportionately affected Black compared with White individuals. Further studies targeting and eliminating health care disparities are necessary.

SUBMITTER: Janus SE

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9300586 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Examining Disparities and Excess Cardiovascular Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Janus Scott E SE Makhlouf Mohamed M Chahine Nicole N Motairek Issam I Al-Kindi Sadeer G SG

Mayo Clinic proceedings 20220721 12

<h4>Objective</h4>To investigate the patterns and demographic features of cardiovascular disease (CVD) death and subtypes myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and heart failure in the pre-COVID-19 era (2018-2019) vs during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021) in the United States.<h4>Methods</h4>In this cross-sectional study, we used the US Multiple Cause of Death files for 2018 to 2021 to examine the trend of excess cause-specific deaths using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revisio ...[more]

PMID: 36336516

Similar Datasets

Project description:ImportanceResidential evictions may have increased excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.ObjectiveTo estimate excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic for renters who received eviction filings (threatened renters).Design, setting, and participantsThis retrospective cohort study used an excess mortality framework. Mortality based on linked eviction and death records from 2020 through 2021 was compared with projected mortality estimated from similar records from 2010 through 2016. Data from court records between January 1, 2020, and August 31, 2021, were collected via the Eviction Lab's Eviction Tracking System. Similar data from court records between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2016, also collected by the Eviction Lab, were used to estimate projected mortality during the pandemic. We also constructed 2 comparison groups: all individuals living in the study area and a subsample of those individuals living in high-poverty, high-filing tracts.ExposuresEviction filing.Main outcomes and measuresAll-cause mortality in a given month. The difference between observed mortality and projected mortality was used as a measure of excess mortality associated with the pandemic.ResultsThe cohort of threatened renters during the pandemic period consisted of 282 000 individuals (median age, 36 years [IQR, 28-47]). Eviction filings were 44.7% lower than expected during the study period. The composition of threatened renters by race, ethnicity, sex, and socioeconomic characteristics during the pandemic was comparable with the prepandemic composition. Expected cumulative age-standardized mortality among threatened renters during this 20-month period of the pandemic was 116.5 (95% CI, 104.0-130.3) per 100 000 person-months, and observed mortality was 238.6 (95% CI, 230.8-246.3) per 100 000 person-months or 106% higher than expected. In contrast, expected mortality for the population living in similar neighborhoods was 114.6 (95% CI, 112.1-116.8) per 100 000 person-months, and observed mortality was 142.8 (95% CI, 140.2-145.3) per 100 000 person-months or 25% higher than expected. In the general population across the study area, expected mortality was 83.5 (95% CI, 83.3-83.8) per 100 000 person-months, and observed mortality was 91.6 (95% CI, 91.4-91.8) per 100 000 person-months or 9% higher than expected. The pandemic produced positive excess mortality ratios across all age groups among threatened renters.Conclusions and relevanceRenters who received eviction filings experienced substantial excess mortality associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Dataset Information

Examining Disparities and Excess Cardiovascular Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Examining Disparities and Excess Cardiovascular Mortality Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Similar Datasets

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