Dataset Information

Real-life experience with inotersen in hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with late-onset phenotype: Data from an early-access program in Italy.

ABSTRACT:

Background and purpose

Hereditary transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis (ATTRv) is a dominantly inherited, adult-onset, progressive, and fatal disease caused by mutations in the transthyretin gene. Therapeutic agents approved for this disease include the TTR stabilizer tafamidis and the gene-silencing drugs patisiran and inotersen. Inotersen is an antisense oligonucleotide that suppresses the hepatic production of transthyretin. After European Medical Agency approval in 2018, an early-access program was opened in Italy, and in this article, we present the long-term outcome of a cohort of Italian ATTRv patients who received inotersen within this program.

Methods

This is a multicenter, observational, retrospective study of patients affected by ATTRv that started inotersen during the early-access program. The primary end point was safety. Secondary end points included change from baseline in familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) stage, Polyneuropathy Disability, Neuropathy Impairment Scale, Compound Autonomic Dysfunction Test, Norfolk Quality of Life-Diabetic Neuropathy, troponin, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, interventricular septum thickness, and body mass index.

Results

In total, 23 patients were enrolled. No patient permanently discontinued the treatment because of thrombocytopenia, and no cases of severe thrombocytopenia were observed. Five patients discontinued the treatment permanently because of voluntary withdrawal (two patients), renal failure after infective pyelonephritis, not related to inotersen, drug-related hypotension, and amyloid-negative crescentic glomerulonephritis. In seven patients, dosing frequency was reduced to every 2 weeks due to recurrent thrombocytopenia. Considering the FAP stage, only two patients worsened, whereas the other 21 patients remained stable until the last follow-up available.

Conclusions

The long-term safety profile of inotersen is favorable. Neurologic disease severity at baseline is the main factor associated with progression.

SUBMITTER: Luigetti M

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9314115 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:IntroductionHereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv amyloidosis) is a clinically heterogeneous disease caused by mutations in the transthyretin (TTR) gene. The most common mutation, Val30Met, can manifest as an early- or late-onset disease.MethodsThe Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS) is an ongoing, global, longitudinal, observational survey of patients with transthyretin amyloidosis, including both inherited and wild-type disease and asymptomatic patients with TTR mutations. This is a descriptive analysis of symptomatic patients with ATTRv Val30Met amyloidosis with late- (age at least 50 years) vs. early-onset (age less than 50 years) disease in THAOS (data cutoff August 1, 2019).ResultsOf 1389 patients with ATTRv Val30Met amyloidosis, 491 (35.3%) had late-onset disease. Compared with early-onset, patients with late-onset were more likely to be male (66.2% vs. 53.6%) and have a longer mean (standard deviation [SD]) time from onset to diagnosis (3.8 [3.4] vs. 2.7 [4.1] years). Late-onset disease was associated with more severe neurological impairment at enrollment (median [10th, 90th percentile] derived Neuropathy Impairment Score in the Lower Limbs, 25.0 [4.0, 69.3] vs. 8.0 [0, 54.8]; Neurologic Composite Score, 42.0 [2.0, 155.0] vs. 21.0 [0, 102.0]). Cardiac findings were more prominent in late-onset disease. An overall interpretation of electrocardiogram as abnormal was reported in 72.1% of late-onset patients (vs. 44.3% early-onset). A left-ventricular septal thickness of at least 12 mm was reported in 69.7% of late-onset patients (vs. 14.6% early-onset). All differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionIn THAOS, late-onset ATTRv Val30Met amyloidosis is common, presenting with more severe neurologic and cardiac findings at enrollment. Heterogeneity of disease may make it more difficult to diagnose. Increased recognition of late-onset ATTRv Val30Met amyloidosis could lead to more timely diagnosis and improve patient outcomes.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00628745.