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Whole Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Drought Resistance-Related Genes in Upland Cotton.

ABSTRACT: China, particularly the cotton-growing province of Xinjiang, is experiencing acute agricultural water shortages, stifling the expansion of the cotton sector. Discovering drought resistance genes in cotton and generating high-quality, drought-resistant cotton varieties through molecular breeding procedures are therefore critical to the cotton industry's success. The drought-resistant cotton variety Xinluzhong No. 82 and the drought-sensitive cotton variety Kexin No. 1 were utilised in this study to uncover a batch of drought-resistant candidate genes using whole transcriptome sequencing. The following are the key research findings: A competing endogenous RNA network (ceRNA) was built using complete transcriptional sequencing to screen the core genes in the core pathway, and two drought-related candidate genes were discovered. It was found that γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GhGABA-T, Gohir.A11G156000) was upregulated at 0 h vs. 12 h and downregulated at 12 h vs. 24 h. L-Aspartate oxidase (GhAO, Gohir.A07G220600) was downregulated at 0 h vs. 12 h and upregulated at 12 h vs. 24 h. GABA-T is analogous to a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent transferase superfamily protein (POP2) in Arabidopsis thaliana and influences plant drought resistance by controlling γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration. The analogue of GhAO in A. thaliana is involved in the early steps of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) production as well as in plant antioxidant responses. This study revealed that gene expression regulatory networks can be used for rapid screening of reliable drought resistance genes and then utilised to validate gene function.

SUBMITTER: Zheng J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9318479 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:BackgroundCotton (Gossypium spp.) fiber yield is one of the key target traits, and improved fiber yield has always been thought of as an important objective in the breeding programs and production. Although some studies had been reported for the understanding of genetic bases for cotton yield-related traits, the detected quantitative trait loci (QTL) for the traits is still very limited. To uncover the whole-genome QTL controlling three yield-related traits in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), phenotypic traits were investigated under four planting environments and 9244 single-nucleotide polymorphism linkage disequilibrium block (SNPLDB) markers were developed in an association panel consisting of 315 accessions.ResultsA total of 53, 70 and 68 significant SNPLDB loci associated with boll number (BN), boll weight (BW) and lint percentage (LP), were respectively detected through a restricted two-stage multi-locus multi-allele genome-wide association study (RTM-GWAS) procedure in multiple environments. The haplotype/allele effects of the significant SNPLDB loci were estimated and the QTL-allele matrices were organized for offering the abbreviated genetic composition of the population. Among the significant SNPLDB loci, six of them were simultaneously identified in two or more single planting environments and were thought of as the stable SNPLDB loci. Additionally, a total of 115 genes were annotated in the nearby regions of the six stable SNPLDB loci, and 16 common potential candidate genes controlling target traits of them were predicted by two RNA-seq data. One of 16 genes (GH_D06G2161) was mainly expressed in the early ovule-development stages, and the stable SNPLDB locus (LDB_19_62926589) was mapped in its promoter region.ConclusionThis study identified the QTL alleles and candidate genes that could provide important insights into the genetic basis of yield-related traits in upland cotton and might facilitate breeding cotton varieties with high yield.

Project description:BackgroundAppropriate plant architecture can improve the amount of cotton boll opening and allow increased planting density, thus increasing the level of cotton mechanical harvesting and cotton yields. The internodes of cotton fruiting branches are an important part of cotton plant architecture. Thus, studying the molecular mechanism of internode elongation in cotton fruiting branches is highly important.ResultsIn this study, we selected internodes of cotton fruiting branches at three different stages from two cultivars whose internode lengths differed significantly. A total of 76,331 genes were detected by transcriptome sequencing. By KEGG pathway analysis, we found that DEGs were significantly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. The transcriptional data and qRT-PCR results showed that members of the GH3 gene family, which are involved in auxin signal transduction, and CKX enzymes, which can reduce the level of CKs, were highly expressed in the cultivar XLZ77, which has relatively short internodes. Genes related to ethylene synthase (ACS), EIN2/3 and ERF in the ethylene signal transduction pathway and genes related to JAR1, COI1 and MYC2 in the JA signal transduction pathway were also highly expressed in XLZ77. Plant hormone determination results showed that the IAA and CK contents significantly decreased in cultivar XLZ77 compared with those in cultivar L28, while the ACC (the precursor of ethylene) and JA contents significantly increased. GO enrichment analysis revealed that the GO categories associated with promoting cell elongation, such as cell division, the cell cycle process and cell wall organization, were significantly enriched, and related genes were highly expressed in L28. However, genes related to the sphingolipid metabolic process and lignin biosynthetic process, whose expression can affect cell elongation, were highly expressed in XLZ77. In addition, 2067 TFs were differentially expressed. The WRKY, ERF and bHLH TF families were the top three largest families whose members were active in the two varieties, and the expression levels of most of the genes encoding these TFs were upregulated in XLZ77.ConclusionsAuxin and CK are positive regulators of internode elongation in cotton branches. In contrast, ethylene and JA may act as negative regulators of internode elongation in cotton branches. Furthermore, the WRKY, ERF and bHLH TFs were identified as important inhibitors of internode elongation in cotton. In XLZ77(a short-internode variety), the mass synthesis of ethylene and amino acid conjugation of auxin led to the inhibition of plant cell elongation, while an increase in JA content and degradation of CKs led to a slow rate of cell division, which eventually resulted in a phenotype that presented relatively short internodes on the fruiting branches. The results of this study not only provide gene resources for the genetic improvement of cotton plant architecture but also lay a foundation for improved understanding of the molecular mechanism of the internode elongation of cotton branches.

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Whole Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Drought Resistance-Related Genes in Upland Cotton.

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