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Evolution of the Colocasiomyia gigantea Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Phylogeny, Biogeography and Shift of Host Use.

ABSTRACT: The gigantea species group of the genus Colocasiomyia de Meijere (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is among the four aroid-breeding species groups in this genus; however, it differs from the remaining three groups in the host use: all the flies in this group use plants from the subfamily Monsteroideae instead of from the subfamily Aroideae. So far, we have not resolved the phylogenetic relationship within this group, making it difficult to trace its geographical origin, pattern of species diversification and history of host plant use. In this study, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships within the C. gigantea group using DNA sequences of eight (two mitochondrial and six nuclear) gene markers, and we inferred the ancestral areas and host plants of the group based on the resulting phylogeny. According to the results, the C. gigantea group may have diverged from its sister group (i.e., the C. cristata group) through vicariance between the northeastern Oriental region and Sundaland + Wallacea, and the subsequent diversification of the C. gigantea group occurred mostly in the northeastern Oriental region, although an Oriental-to-Sundaland dispersal was followed by vicariance between these two areas, which finally gave rise to the C. gigantea-C. scindapsae lineage in the latter area. We inferred the most likely ancestral host plant of the C. gigantea group to be of the genus Rhaphidophora Hassk, with possible subsequent shifts to Scindapsus Schott and/or Epipremnum Schott plants. We discuss the potential for the egg filaments in the C. gigantea group to be used as a model system for comparative studies in pollination mutualism and developmental genetics concerning tubulogenesis.

SUBMITTER: Xiao L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9319340 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:Large groups of species with well-defined phylogenies are excellent systems for testing evolutionary hypotheses. In this paper, we describe the creation of a comparative genomic resource consisting of 23 genomes from the species-rich Drosophila montium species group, 22 of which are presented here for the first time. The montium group is well-positioned for clade genomics. Within the montium clade, evolutionary distances are such that large numbers of sequences can be accurately aligned while also recovering strong signals of divergence; and the distance between the montium group and D. melanogaster is short enough so that orthologous sequence can be readily identified. All genomes were assembled from a single, small-insert library using MaSuRCA, before going through an extensive post-assembly pipeline. Estimated genome sizes within the montium group range from 155 Mb to 223 Mb (mean = 196 Mb). The absence of long-distance information during the assembly process resulted in fragmented assemblies, with the scaffold NG50s varying widely based on repeat content and sample heterozygosity (min = 18 kb, max = 390 kb, mean = 74 kb). The total scaffold length for most assemblies is also shorter than the estimated genome size, typically by 5-15%. However, subsequent analysis showed that our assemblies are highly complete. Despite large differences in contiguity, all assemblies contain at least 96% of known single-copy Dipteran genes (BUSCOs, n = 2,799). Similarly, by aligning our assemblies to the D. melanogaster genome and remapping coordinates for a large set of transcriptional enhancers (n = 3,457), we showed that each montium assembly contains orthologs for at least 91% of D. melanogaster enhancers. Importantly, the genic and enhancer contents of our assemblies are comparable to that of far more contiguous Drosophila assemblies. The alignment of our own D. serrata assembly to a previously published PacBio D. serrata assembly also showed that our longest scaffolds (up to 1 Mb) are free of large-scale misassemblies. Our genome assemblies are a valuable resource that can be used to further resolve the montium group phylogeny; study the evolution of protein-coding genes and cis-regulatory sequences; and determine the genetic basis of ecological and behavioral adaptations.

Dataset Information

Evolution of the Colocasiomyia gigantea Species Group (Diptera: Drosophilidae): Phylogeny, Biogeography and Shift of Host Use.

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