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Phenolic Profiling and In-Vitro Bioactivities of Corn (Zea mays L.) Tassel Extracts by Combining Enzyme-Assisted Extraction.

ABSTRACT: In this work, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) of phenolic compounds from corn tassel using cellulase, protease, and their combination (1:1) was developed and optimized by central composite response surface methodology. The phenolic profile of obtained corn tassel extracts (CTE) was elucidated by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) analysis, and their antioxidative, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that CTE by EAE with combined enzymes had the highest total phenolic content (TPC). Under optimum enzymatic conditions, the experimental TPC values were 9.78, 8.45, and 10.70 mg/g, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the non-enzymatic control (6.75 mg/g) (p < 0.05). Fourteen more phenolic compounds (13.80-1694.36 µg/g) were identified in CTE by EAE with the combined enzymes, and thus the antioxidant activity of that extract, determined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging method, was demonstrated to be stronger than that of the extracts by EAE with the single and ethanol extraction. Furthermore, this extract also showed remarkably better antimicrobial properties against all tested food-borne pathogenic bacteria and mycotoxigenic fungi than CTE by other extraction methods. CTE by EAE were nontoxic to normal lung fibroblast cell line (Wi-38) but cytotoxic to human colorectal and lung cancer cell lines (Caco-2 and A549), with IC₅₀ values of 392.62-461.98 and 210.66-359.56 µg/mL, respectively, which indicated its potential anticancer properties. In conclusion, CTE by EAE, especially with the combined use of cellulase and protease, seems to hold promising potential for multifunctional application in food and pharma fields.

SUBMITTER: Elsayed N

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9320485 | biostudies-literature |

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Project description:The growing interest in bioactive compounds, especially in polyphenols, is due to their abundance in the human diet and potentially positive effects on health. The consumption of polyphenols has been shown to possess anti-diabetic properties by preventing insulin resistance or insulin secretion through different signaling pathways, this effect is associated with their capacity to exert genomic modulations. Several studies have suggested that polyphenols could also bind to cellular proteins and modulate their activity, however, the mechanisms of action underlying their beneficial effects are complex and are not fully understood. The aim of this work was to characterize phenolic compounds present in blue corn and black bean extracts as well as identify their potential interactions with target proteins involved in diabetes pathogenesis using in silico approach. Total polyphenols content of both blue corn and black beans was identified using UPLC-ESI/qTOF/MS and quantified by colorimetric assays. In this work we identified twenty-eight phenolic compounds in the extracts, mainly anthocyanins, flavonols, hydroxycinamic acids, dihydroxybenzoic acids, flavones, isoflavones, and flavanols. Interactome of these compounds with thirteen target proteins involved in type 2 diabetes mellitus was performed in-silico. In total, 312 bioactive compounds/protein interaction analyses were acquired. Molecular docking results highlighted that nine of the top ten interactions correspond to anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-glucoside with 11?-HS, GFAT, PPARG; delphinidin 3-glucoside with 11?-HS, GFAT, PTP and RTKs; and petunidin 3-glucoside with 11?-HS and PTP. These proteins are involved in mechanisms regulating functions such as inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, glucose and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, this work provides a prediction of the potential molecular mechanism of black bean and blue corn polyphenols, specifically anthocyanins and could constitute new pathways by which compounds exert their antidiabetic benefits.

Dataset Information

Phenolic Profiling and In-Vitro Bioactivities of Corn (Zea mays L.) Tassel Extracts by Combining Enzyme-Assisted Extraction.

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