Uterine Artery Embolization of Uterine Arteriovenous Malformation: A Systematic Review of Success Rate, Complications, and Posterior Pregnancy Outcomes
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Ruiz Labarta F
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9324499 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BackgroundUterine arteriovenous malformation (UAVM) is a relatively rare but potentially life-threatening situations abnormal vascular connections between the uterine arterial and venous systems. Lack of recognized guidelines and clinic experience, there is a lot of clinic problems about diagnosis and treatment. By analyzing the clinical data of patients with pregnancy-related UAVM, we aim to confirm the safety of direct surgeries and the benefit of pretreatment (uterine artery embolization or medical therapy) before surgery, and to explore more optimal therapies for patients with pregnancy-related UAVM.MethodsA total of 106 patients in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2011 to December 2021 diagnosed of pregnancy-related UAVM were involved in this study. Depending on whether preoperative intervention was performed, the patients were divided into direct surgery group and pretreatment group (uterine artery embolization or medical management). Clinical characteristics, operative related factors and prognosis were analyzed.ResultsThe most common symptom of pregnancy-related UAVM was vaginal bleeding (82.5%), which could also be accompanied by abdominal pain. Pretreatments (uterine artery embolization or medical therapy) had no obvious benefit to the subsequent surgeries, but increased the hospital stay and hospital cost. Direct surgery group had satisfactory success rate and prognosis compared to pretreatment group.ConclusionFor pregnancy-related UAVM, direct surgery has good effects and high safety with shorter hospital stays and less hospital cost. What is more, without uterine artery embolization and other medical therapy, patients could remain better fertility in future.
| S-EPMC10507977 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital brain vessels pathology, in which the arterial and venous blood channels are connected by tangles of abnormal blood vessels. It is a dangerous disease that affects brain functioning causing the high risk of intracerebral haemorrhage. One of AVM treatment methods is embolization-the endovascular filling of the AVM vessel bundle with a special embolic agent. This method is widely used, but still in some cases is accompanied by intraoperative AVM vessels rupture. In this paper, the optimal scenario of AVM embolization is studied from the safety and effectiveness of the procedure point of view. The co-movement of blood and embolic agent in the AVM body is modelled on the basis of a one-dimensional two-phase filtration model. Optimal control problem with phase constraints arising from medicine is formulated and numerically solved. In numerical analysis, the monotone modification of the CABARET scheme is used. Optimal embolization model is constructed on the basis of real patients' clinical data collected during neurosurgical operations. For the special case of embolic agent, input admissible and optimal embolization scenarios were calculated.
| S-EPMC7428277 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Uterine fibroids (leiomyomas) are the most common benign neoplasm of the female pelvis and have a lifetime prevalence exceeding 80% among African American women and approaching 70% among Caucasian women. Approximately 50% of women with fibroids experience symptoms which may include menorrhagia that may result in anemia, bulk symptoms with bladder and bowel dysfunction and abdominal protrusion, dysmenorrhea, and infertility. Hysterectomy remains the most common treatment option for fibroids and concerns have been raised about the overuse of this procedure. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is now a well-established uterine preserving and minimally invasive therapy for symptomatic fibroids. Since its introduction, strong evidence for safety and efficacy of UAE has been generated with low rates of complications. This review will discuss UAE for the management of symptomatic uterine fibroids with special focus on emerging technical approaches and novel periprocedural patient care.
| S-EPMC5886769 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveThe assessment of the relative impacts of uterine artery embolization (UAE) treatment for female patients is a critical field that informs clinical decisions, yet there is a noticeable scarcity of high-quality, long-term comparative studies. This meta-analysis aimed to focus on the pregnancy rate and outcomes in female patients following UAE and to conduct subgroup analyses based on different patient populations or various control treatments.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted on 2 August 2023 through the Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library of Clinical Trials for all potential studies. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to compare pregnancy rates and outcomes between the UAE group and the control group. Heterogeneity was evaluated statistically by using the chi-square-based Cochran's Q test and Higgins I2 statistics, and 95% prediction interval (PI). Software R 4.3.1 and Stata 12.0 were used for meta-analysis. The trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed with TSA v0.9.5.10 Beta software.ResultsA total of 15 eligible studies (11 cohort studies, 3 randomized controlled trials, and 1 non-randomized clinical trial) were included in this meta-analysis. The overall results revealed that UAE significantly decreased postoperative pregnancy rate [RR (95% CI): 0.721 (0.531-0.979), 95% PI: 0.248-2.097] and was associated with an increased risk of postoperative PPH [RR (95% CI): 3.182 (1.319-7.675), 95% PI: 0.474-22.089]. Analysis grouped by population indicated that UAE decreased the risk of preterm delivery [RR (95% CI): 0.326 (0.128-0.831), p = 0.019] and cesarean section [RR (95% CI): 0.693 (0.481-0.999), p = 0.050] and increased the risk of placenta previa [RR (95% CI): 8.739 (1.580-48.341), p = 0.013] in patients with UFs, CSP, and PPH, respectively. When compared with myomectomy, HIFU, and non-use of UAE, UAE treatment was associated with the reduced risks of preterm delivery [RR (95% CI): 0.296 (0.106-0.826)] and cesarean section [(95% CI): 0.693 (0.481-0.999), p = 0.050] and increased placenta previa risk [RR (95% CI): 10.682 (6.859-16.636)], respectively.ConclusionUAE treatment was associated with a lower postoperative pregnancy rate and increased risk of PPH. Subgroup analysis suggested that UAE was shown to decrease the risk of preterm delivery and cesarean section and increase placenta previa risk.Systematic review registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, Identifier CRD42023448257.
| S-EPMC10764427 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Most of the vascular lesions on head and neck soft tissue are congenital, but a rare cause can be trauma. A 23-year-old man came to our clinic with a wide pulsatile tortuous mass in the left temporofrontal area. That mass was appeared since 10 years ago. Ten years before his coming to our clinic, he had a blunt trauma in that area. After that, a small wound appeared there and healed gradually. In clinical examination, mass was large and pulsatile, and a fine murmur was detected from it. In paraclinical examination, computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast and sonography revealed a vascular mass with arteriovenous (AV) fistula in soft tissue only in that area. We operated him and vascular mass completely excised without recurrency. Pathologic report was AV malformation (AVM). According to our study, also rare trauma is one of the causes of AVMs, and we able to resection it completely without recurrency.
| S-EPMC5539670 | biostudies-other
Project description:ImportanceMajor neurological complications from the embolization of vein of Galen malformations (VOGMs) are poorly understood. We provide a detailed analysis of contributors to periprocedural neurological complications and lessons learned.ObjectiveTo assess the rate of major periprocedural neurological complications following VOGM embolization with major procedural and strategic contributors.Design, setting, and participantsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at a quarternary referral pediatric hospital (Hospital for Sick Children; Toronto, Ontario, Canada) from January 1999 to December 2018 with a mean clinical follow-up of 44.7 months; all children with VOGM diagnosed and/or treated were eligible (n = 48). Thirty-three patients who underwent endovascular treatment were included.InterventionsEndovascular staged transarterial embolization performed in 33 patients over 91 sessions.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was the rate of periprocedural neurological complications (occurring within 1 week of embolization). The secondary outcomes were mortality, long-term neurological outcomes, and contributing anatomical and management factors to neurological complications.ResultsOf 33 patients who underwent embolization (31 boys [64.6%]; 17 girls [35.4%]; median age at first embolization, 4 months [range, 0-29 months]), 10 patients (30.3%) developed major periprocedural neurological complications. Five of these patients died. Univariate logistic regression analyses identified internal cerebral vein drainage to the main venous sac of the VOGM and use of a microcatheter with a distal outer diameter of more than 2.0F as significant predictors of poor neurological outcomes. Lessons learned from our experience include the need to assess the internal cerebral vein drainage pattern on preprocedural magnetic resonance venography, avoidance of excessive embolization into the venous sac, treatment of more distal fistulae before proximal fistulae to avoid a sump effect, and preferably use of smaller (<2.0F outer diameter) microcatheters in neonatal embolization procedures.Conclusions and relevanceIn this cohort, 10 patients with VOGM treated with embolization (30.3%) experienced major periprocedural neurological complications, half of whom died. While these outcomes are superior to historic conservative and surgical treatment results, ongoing improvements in treatment and pretreatment diagnostic approaches are needed. Awareness of the lessons learned from our experience can help to avoid similar complications in the future for this vulnerable population.
| S-EPMC7186914 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cesarean scar ectopic pregnancy (CSP) is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, and treatment of CSP with uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a novel approach. With increasing numbers of cesarean sections being performed annually, the incidence of this condition is likely to increase. The authors became aware of an unusually high number of published studies originating in mainland China regarding this unusual treatment and sought to perform a meta-analysis to provide comprehensive evidence on this novel practice. We performed a thorough search and included all forms of quality studies on this topic that reported UAE as a part of first-line management of CSP. We included only studies originating in China. Ultimately, 37 studies were included for qualitative and quantitative synthesis of evidence. After screening retrieved records and extracting data from eligible studies, we pooled continuous data as a mean estimate and 95% confidence interval (CI), and dichotomous data as proportion and 95% CI. CSP patients treated with protocols including UAE had a mean time of 30 days for serum β-hCG normalization, 95% CI [26.816, 33.881]. They had a mean estimated intraprocedural blood loss of 4.19 ± 3.76 mL, a mean hospital stay of nine days, 95%CI [7.914, 9.876], and a success rate of 93.4%, 95%CI [0.918, 0.951]. The severe complication rate was 1.2%, 95%CI [0.008, 0.017]. UAE, in combination with other procedures is being used effectively for the treatment of CSP in China. Protocols including UAE have a success rate of approximately 93.4%, and a severe complication rate of approximately 1.2%. This data's utility is limited by vast differences in the studied protocols and questionable feasibility outside of China.
| S-EPMC9783593 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A 23-year-old lady presented with a 10-month history of multiple episodes of prolonged and erratic menstrual bleeding having undergone a surgical termination of pregnancy. Initially, pelvic ultrasound and hysteroscopy were found to be normal and for many months she was treated pharmacologically for dysfunctional uterine bleeding. She also tried both a copper-coil and MIRENA intrauterine system, which were both expelled due to heavy bleeding characterised by 'a clot the size of two fists'. She required blood transfusions on multiple admissions, was forced to resign from her job and later became depressed. Under our care a transvaginal ultrasound scan showed a hypervascular region on the posterior uterine wall. An urgent hysteroscopy was performed due to her haemoglobin being 5.7 g/dl and revealed a pulsating lesion abutting the endometrium, which can be seen here on video. MR angiography confirmed an arteriovenous malformation and she was successfully treated with uterine artery embolisation.
| S-EPMC4543807 | biostudies-other
Project description:ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of using highly compressible calibrated microspheres in uterine artery embolization (UAE) for the treatment of uterine fibroids.Materials and methodsThis was a prospective multicenter study. Thirty-two women with symptomatic uterine fibroids were selected for UAE between January 2019 and March 2020. The participants completed the Uterine Fibroid Symptom and Quality of Life (UFS-QOL) questionnaire, underwent contrast-enhanced pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and were submitted to anti-Müllerian hormone measurement, subsequently undergoing UAE with Embosoft microspheres. After six months, the patients again completed the UFS-QOL questionnaire and underwent pelvic MRI.ResultsThe most common symptoms were abnormal uterine bleeding (in 81.3% of the cases), pelvic pain (in 81.3%), and compression (in 46.9%). Of the 32 patients evaluated, 12 (37.5%) had anemia due to abnormal uterine bleeding. Thirty patients completed the study. Among those patients, we observed median reductions of 21.4% in uterine volume and 15.9% in dominant fibroid volume. We identified no adverse events that could be attributed to the material itself, although there were events attributed to the UAE procedure in general.ConclusionFor the treatment of uterine fibroids, UAE using Embosoft microspheres shows satisfactory results, providing reductions in uterine and dominant fibroid volumes, with a low rate of adverse events, and improving patient quality of life, as well as demonstrating safety and efficacy.
| S-EPMC9380609 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Uterine artery embolization has Level A data supporting excellent safety and efficacy in treating symptomatic uterine leiomyomata. However, there is a perception that either postprocedural pain is severe or poorly managed by the physician performing these procedures. This has led some primary care physicians to omit this procedure from the patients' options or to steer patients away from this procedure. A few simple techniques (pruning of the vascular tree and embolizing to 5-10 beat stasis) and fastidious pre-, intra-, and post-procedural management can nearly eliminate significant pain associated with embolization. Specifically, early implementation of long-acting low-dose narcotics, antiemetics and anti-inflammatory medications is critical. Finally, the use of a superior hypogastric nerve block, which takes minutes to perform and carries a very low risk, significantly reduces pain and diminishes the need for narcotics; when this technique was used in a prospective study, all patients were able to be discharged the day of the procedure. In the authors' experience, patients treated in this manner largely recover completely within 5 days and have a far less traumatic experience than patients traditionally treated with only midazolam (Versed) and fentanyl citrate (fentanyl) intraprocedurally, and narcotics and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs postprocedurally.
| S-EPMC3835579 | biostudies-other