Preferences of Dairy Cattle for Supplemental Light-Emitting Diode Lighting in the Resting Area.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Wilson AM
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9331357 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Conventional approaches to improve the quality of clinical patient imaging studies focus predominantly on updating or replacing imaging equipment; however, it is often not considered that patients can also highly influence the diagnostic quality of clinical imaging studies. Patient-specific artifacts can limit the diagnostic image quality, especially when patients are uncomfortable, anxious, or agitated. Imaging facility or environmental conditions can also influence the patient's comfort and willingness to participate in diagnostic imaging studies, especially when performed in visually unesthetic, anxiety-inducing, and technology-intensive imaging centers. When given the opportunity to change a single aspect of the environmental or imaging facility experience, patients feel much more in control of the otherwise unfamiliar and uncomfortable setting. Incorporating commercial, easily adaptable, ambient lighting products within clinical imaging environments allows patients to individually customize their environment for a more personalized and comfortable experience. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this pilot study was to use a customizable colored light-emitting diode (LED) lighting system within a clinical imaging environment and demonstrate the feasibility and initial findings of enabling healthy subjects to customize the ambient lighting and color. Improving the patient experience within clinical imaging environments with patient-preferred ambient lighting and color may improve overall patient comfort, compliance, and participation in the imaging study and indirectly contribute to improving diagnostic image quality. METHODS:We installed consumer-based internet protocol addressable LED lights using the ZigBee standard in different imaging rooms within a clinical imaging environment. We recruited healthy volunteers (n=35) to generate pilot data in order to develop a subsequent clinical trial. The visual perception assessment procedure utilized questionnaires with preprogrammed light/color settings and further assessed how subjects preferred ambient light and color within a clinical imaging setting. RESULTS:Technical implementation using programmable LED lights was performed without any hardware or electrical modifications to the existing clinical imaging environment. Subject testing revealed substantial variabilities in color perception; however, clear trends in subject color preference were noted. In terms of the color hue of the imaging environment, 43% (15/35) found blue and 31% (11/35) found yellow to be the most relaxing. Conversely, 69% (24/35) found red, 17% (6/35) found yellow, and 11% (4/35) found green to be the least relaxing. CONCLUSIONS:With the majority of subjects indicating that colored lighting within a clinical imaging environment would contribute to an improved patient experience, we predict that enabling patients to customize environmental factors like lighting and color to individual preferences will improve patient comfort and patient satisfaction. Improved patient comfort in clinical imaging environments may also help to minimize patient-specific imaging artifacts that can otherwise limit diagnostic image quality. TRIAL REGISTRATION:ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03456895; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03456895.
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Project description:Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy is a promising therapeutic approach for several pathologies, including stroke. The biological effects of PBM for the treatment of cerebral ischemia have previously been explored as a neuroprotective strategy using different light sources, wavelengths, and incident light powers. However, the capability of PBM as a novel alternative therapy to stimulate the recovery of the injured neuronal tissue after ischemic stroke has been poorly explored. The aim of this study was to investigate the low-level light irradiation therapy by using Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as potential therapeutic strategy for stroke. The LED photobiomodulation (continuous wave, 830 nm, 0.2-0.6 J/cm2) was firstly evaluated at different energy densities in C17.2 immortalized mouse neural progenitor cell lines, in order to observe if this treatment had any effect on cells, in terms of proliferation and viability. Then, the PBM-LED effect (continuous wave, 830 nm, 0.28 J/cm2 at brain cortex) on long-term recovery (12 weeks) was analyzed in ischemic animal model by means lesion reduction, behavioral deficits, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Analysis of cellular proliferation after PBM was significantly increased (1 mW) in all different exposure times used; however, this effect could not be replicated in vivo experimental conditions, as PBM did not show an infarct reduction or functional recovery. Despite the promising therapeutic effect described for PBM, further preclinical studies are necessary to optimize the therapeutic window of this novel therapy, in terms of the mechanism associated to neurorecovery and to reduce the risk of failure in futures clinical trials.
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Project description:Supplemental interlighting is commonly used in modern greenhouses to improve light deficiency, but the light spectrum affects fruit quality and color change. This study aimed to analyze the effect of interlighting with red, blue, and additional far-red light on the fruit qualities and carotenoid contents of red and yellow sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum L.). Three light treatments were applied: natural light (NL), NL with red + blue LED interlighting (71 μmol m-2 s-1) (RB), and RB with far-red light (55 μmol m-2 s-1) (RBFR). Ascorbic acid, free sugars, and individual carotenoid content were quantified with HPLC analysis. Fruits were sampled on 2020.11.14 (Group 1) and 2021.01.03 (Group 2) from the plants grown under average light intensities of 335.9 and 105.6 μmol m-2 s-1, respectively. In the overall period, total yields in RB and RBFR were 22 and 33% higher than those in NL in red fruits and 2 and 21% higher in yellow fruits, respectively. In both colored fruits, ascorbic acid, total soluble sugar, and carotenoid content were higher in RB and RBFR than NL. In Group 1, ascorbic acid and total soluble sugar were significantly different between RB and RBFR only in red fruits. In Group 2, ascorbic acids in red and yellow fruits were 9 and 3% higher in RBFR than RB but total soluble sugars were 4 and 2% lower, respectively. Carotenoid contents in red and yellow fruits were 3.0- and 2.1-fold higher in RB and 2.0- and 1.4-fold higher in RBFR than those in NL, respectively. In this study, interlighting had a significant impact on fruit quality in Group 2, mainly due to the increase in the ratio of interlighting to total light by seasonal changes. In particular, red and yellow fruit yields were 9% and 19% higher in RBFR than RB, but carotenoid contents were 26 to 9% lower, respectively. This result exhibited that additional far-red lighting has a trade-off relationship between fruit yield and carotenoid content. Thus, it is necessary to provide an adequate light spectrum according to a specific cultivation purpose, such as improving yield or accumulating plastids in fruits.
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Project description:[Figure: see text].
| S-EPMC8741182 | biostudies-literature
Project description:(1) Background: Limited evidence exists addressing the action of antimicrobial visible light against Cronobacter sakazakii. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial effects of blue-LED (light emitting diode) at 405 nm against two persistent dairy environment sourced strains of C. sakazakii (ES191 and AGRFS2961). (2) Methods: Beside of investigating cell survival by counts, the phenotypic characteristics of the strains were compared with a reference strain (BAA894) by evaluating the metabolic rate, cell membrane permeability, and ROS level. (3) Results: The two environment isolates (ES191 and AGRFS2961) were more metabolic active and ES191 showed dramatic permeability change of the outer membrane. Notably, we detected varied impacts of different ROS scavengers (catalase > thiourea > superoxide dismutase) during light application, suggesting that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the reducing target of catalase, has a key role during blue light inactivation. This finding was further strengthened, following the observation that the combined effect of external H2O2 (sublethal concentration) and 405 nm LED, achieved an additional 2-4 log CFU reduction for both stationary phase and biofilm cells. (4) Conclusions: H2O2 could be used in combination with blue light to enhance bactericidal efficacy and form the basis of a new hurdle technology for controlling C. sakazakii in dairy processing plants.
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Project description:Commercially available near-infrared (IR) imagers are fabricated by integrating expensive epitaxial grown III-V compound semiconductor sensors with Si-based readout integrated circuits (ROIC) by indium bump bonding which significantly increases the fabrication costs of these image sensors. Furthermore, these typical III-V compound semiconductors are not sensitive to the visible region and thus cannot be used for multi-spectral (visible to near-IR) sensing. Here, a low cost infrared (IR) imaging camera is demonstrated with a commercially available digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera and an IR sensitive organic light emitting diode (IR-OLED). With an IR-OLED, IR images at a wavelength of 1.2 µm are directly converted to visible images which are then recorded in a Si-CMOS DSLR camera. This multi-spectral imaging system is capable of capturing images at wavelengths in the near-infrared as well as visible regions.
| S-EPMC5380012 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are becoming more commonly used as light sources for fluorescence microscopy. We describe the adaptation of a commercially available light-emitting diode flashlight for use as a source for fluorescence excitation. This light source is long-lived, inexpensive and is effective for excitation in the range of 440-600 nm.
| S-EPMC2751867 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Light colors may affect poultry behaviors, well-being and performance. However, preferences of layer pullets for light colors are not fully understood. This study was conducted to investigate the pullet preferences for four light-emitting diode colors, including white, red, green and blue, in a lighting preference test system. The system contained four identical compartments each provided with a respective light color. The pullets were able to move freely between the adjacent compartments. A total of three groups of 20 Chinese domestic Jingfen layer pullets (54 to 82 days of age) were used for the test. Pullet behaviors were continuously recorded and summarized for each light color/compartment into daily time spent (DTS), daily percentage of time spent (DPTS), daily times of visit (DTV), duration per visit, daily feed intake (DFI), daily feeding time (DFT), feeding rate (FR), distribution of pullet occupancy and hourly time spent. The results showed that the DTS (h/pullet·per day) were 3.9±0.4 under white, 1.4±0.3 under red, 2.2±0.3 under green and 4.5±0.4 under blue light, respectively. The DTS corresponded to 11.7% to 37.6% DPTS in 12-h lighting periods. The DTV (times/pullet·per day) were 84±5 under white, 48±10 under red, 88±10 under green and 94±8 under blue light. Each visit lasted 1.5 to 3.2 min. The DFI (g/pullet·per day) were 27.6±1.7 under white, 7.1±1.6 under red, 15.1±1.1 under green and 23.1±2.0 under blue light. The DFT was 0.18 to 0.65 h/pullet·per day and the FR was 0.57 to 0.75 g/min. For most of the time during the lighting periods, six to 10 birds stayed under white, and one to five birds stayed under red, green and blue light. Pullets preferred to stay under blue light when the light was on and under white light 4 h before the light off. Overall, pullets preferred blue light the most and red light the least. These findings substantiate the preferences of layer pullets for light colors, providing insights for use in the management of light-emitting diode colors to meet pullet needs.
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Project description:Skin fibrosis, often referred to as skin scarring, is a significant international health problem with limited treatment options. The hallmarks of skin fibrosis are increased fibroblast proliferation, collagen production, and migration speed. Recently published clinical observations indicate that visible red light may improve skin fibrosis. In this study we hypothesize that high-fluence light-emitting diode-generated red light (HF-LED-RL) modulates the key cellular features of skin fibrosis by decreasing cellular proliferation, collagen production, and migration speed of human skin fibroblasts. Herein, we demonstrate that HF-LED-RL increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for up to 4 hours, inhibits fibroblast proliferation without increasing apoptosis, inhibits collagen production, and inhibits migration speed through modulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. We demonstrate that HF-LED-RL is capable of inhibiting the unifying cellular processes involved in skin fibrosis including fibroblast proliferation, collagen production, and migration speed. These findings suggest that HF-LED-RL may represent a new approach to treat skin fibrosis. LED advantages include low cost, portability, and ease of use. Further characterizing the photobiomodulatory effects of HF-LED-RL on fibroblasts and investigating the anti-fibrotic effects of HF-LED-RL in human subjects may provide new insight into the utility of this therapeutic approach for skin fibrosis.
| S-EPMC5107354 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Summary To address current unmet needs in terms of scalability and material biocompatibility for future photocrosslinking-based additive manufacturing technologies, emergent platform designs are in inexorable demand. In particular, a shift from the present use of cell-damaging UV light sources in light-based three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting methods demands new platforms. We adopted an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) microdisplay as a digital visible light modulator to create a 3D printing platform modality that offers scalability and multi-material capability while forgoing the need for UV photocrosslinking. We formulate biocompatible inks that are visible light-crosslinkable with relatively quick photoinitiation rates. We demonstrated successful attachment and rapid growth of primary human dermal fibroblast-adult (HDF-a) cells on biological substrates fabricated using the OLED platform. This platform incites new possibilities by providing a simple-yet-effective means for low-cost, high-throughput, and multi-material 3D fabrication of functional structures made of polymers, ceramic composites, and biomaterials. Graphical abstract Highlights • We present organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) as a modality of 3D printing• OLED 3D printing offers scalability and high-throughput fabrication at low cost• Averting UV crosslinking, visible light is well-positioned for bioprinted scaffolds• The platform is also capable of multi-material printing Bioelectrochemistry; Bioengineering; Devices
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