Impact of Parental Knowledge and Beliefs on HPV Vaccine Hesitancy in Kenya-Findings and Implications.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Kolek CO
PROVIDER: S-EPMC9332201 | biostudies-literature |
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC8066400 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Togo is a low-income country in West Africa. Estimates from Our World in Data suggest that only 25% of the Togolese population have received at least one dose of any COVID-19 vaccine by June 2023. Whilst the early phase of the pandemic vaccine rollout across 2021 was dominated by higher-income countries taking much of the available supply, there have long been sufficient supplies for all nations. Thus, there remains a need to understand reasons for low uptake in countries such as Togo, here focusing on population confidence and trust, essentially characteristics that could potentially be addressed within health promotion strategies. Two cross-sectional telephone surveys of Togo residents were conducted in December 2020 and January 2022. These surveys asked questions around perceptions of COVID-19, trust in public health messaging, belief in conspiracy theories, and hesitancy around COVID-19 vaccination. Analyses here focus on unvaccinated respondents. Across Survey 1 (N = 1430) and Survey 2 (N = 212), 65% of respondents were men, and 47% lived in Lomé (capital city of Togo). Between Surveys 1 and 2, overall hesitancy (33.0% to 58.0% respectively) and beliefs in conspiracy theories (29% to 65%) significantly increased. Using logistics regression, governmental mistrust was the strongest significant predictor of hesitancy (OR: 2.90). Participants who indicated agreement or uncertainty with at least one conspiracy belief also predicted greater vaccine hesitancy (OR: 1.36). Proactive approaches to public health messaging, that better understand reasons for hesitancy across different demographics, can support uptake of COVID-19 vaccinations within Togo. This includes health promotion campaigns that use locally and nationally trusted knowledge providers (e.g. the health service or religious leaders) for greatest effectiveness at reducing impact of misinformation. Key future research should focus around knowledge gaps and areas of mistrust created by the pandemic, such as the impact of misinformation upon routine immunisation uptake.
| S-EPMC10903826 | biostudies-literature
Project description:HPV vaccine uptake is low among East African-American (EAA) adolescents. We developed a comic book and evaluated the impact on HPV/HPV-vaccine knowledge, beliefs and vaccine intentions. The intervention was delivered to HPV-unvaccinated EAA adolescents attending educational dinners with their mothers. Adolescents aged 14-17 were sequentially assigned alternately to a pre- or post-test. Results were compared with chi-squared tests and generalized estimating equation models adjusted for age, gender, and mother's language. Among 136 (pre-test = 64, post-test = 72) participants (90% Somali), pre/post differences were observed for proportions of correct responses to questions on HPV (44.0% vs. 82.9%, RR:1.87[95%CI 1.54-2.27]), HPV-vaccine knowledge (42.8% vs. 75.4%, RR:1.74[95%CI 1.46-2.07]), comfort discussing HPV/HPV vaccine with parents (57.8% vs. 90.3% somewhat/very comfortable, RR:1.55[95%CI 1.24-1.94]), and willingness (37.5% vs. 83.3% probably/definitely willing, RR:2.16[95%CI 1.55-3.01]) and intention (34.4% vs. 86.1% somewhat/very likely, RR:2.38[95%CI:1.69-3.37]) to get vaccinated. The intervention improved participants' HPV/HPV-vaccine knowledge, beliefs and vaccine intentions. Similar interventions could be adapted for other racial/ethnic minorities.
| S-EPMC10129048 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundSuboptimal human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates persist among adolescents in the United States (U.S.). New Jersey (NJ), among the top, most racially/ethnically diverse states in the U.S., had among the lowest HPV vaccine initiation rates, prior to 2018. This study examined parental HPV vaccine knowledge and adolescent HPV vaccine initiation among multiethnic parents in NJ, where access to language concordant HPV vaccine information and vaccination services may differ, for immigrant parents.MethodsWe surveyed parents of adolescents (ages 11-18) at community events in NJ to examine parental HPV vaccine knowledge and adolescent HPV vaccine uptake. Vaccine knowledge was assessed using an 11-item question stem that covered vaccine efficacy, gender recommendation, vaccine protection, and myths. Multivariable models assessed the association of parent nativity on HPV vaccine knowledge scores and adolescent HPV vaccine initiation, controlling for sociodemographic factors.ResultsOf the 77 parents, most parents (84%) were aware of the HPV vaccine. However, knowledge scores were low and differed by parent nativity. Non-U.S. born parents had significantly lower knowledge scores - 1.7 [- 3.1, - 0.4] and lower odds of adolescent children initiating the HPV vaccine 0.3 [0.1, 0.9] compared to U.S.-born parents after adjusting demographic characteristics.ConclusionsOur findings reveal that parental HPV vaccine knowledge remains low among suburban dwelling, immigrant parents, even though they have higher education and access to health care. Multilevel strategies to reduce missed opportunities for HPV vaccine education among parents and HPV vaccination for adolescents are needed, including for suburban, immigrant communities.
| S-EPMC8800253 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundVaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have the potential to reduce the burden of cervical cancer. School-based delivery of HPV vaccines is cost-effective and successful uptake depends on school teachers' knowledge and acceptability of the vaccine. The aim of this study is to assess primary school teachers' knowledge and acceptability of HPV vaccine and to explore facilitators and barriers of an ongoing Gavi Alliance-supported vaccination program in Kitui County, Kenya.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional, mixed methods study in Central Division of Kitui County where the Ministry of Health is offering the quadrivalent HPV vaccine to grade four girls. Data on primary school teachers' awareness, knowledge and acceptability of HPV vaccine as well as facilitators and barriers to the project was collected through self-administered questionnaires and two focus group discussions.Results339 teachers (60% female) completed the survey (62% response rate) and 13 participated in 2 focus group discussions. Vaccine awareness among teachers was high (90%), the level of knowledge about HPV and cervical cancer among teachers was moderate (48%, SD = 10.9) and females scored higher than males (50% vs. 46%, p = 0.002). Most teachers (89%) would recommend the vaccine to their daughter or close relatives. Those who would recommend the vaccine had more knowledge than those who would not (p = <0.001). The main barriers were insufficient information about the vaccine, poor accessibility of schools, absenteeism of girls on vaccine days, and fear of side effects.ConclusionsDespite low to moderate levels of knowledge about HPV vaccine among school teachers, vaccine acceptability is high. Teachers with little knowledge on HPV vaccine are less likely to accept the vaccine than those who know more; this may affect uptake if not addressed. Empowering teachers to be vaccine champions in their community may be a feasible way of disseminating information about HPV vaccine and cervical cancer.
| S-EPMC4534439 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundCOVID-19 vaccination acceptance is important, and combating hesitancy which is generally based on the individuals' beliefs and perceptions is essential in the present pandemic. This study assesses COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and associated factors, beliefs and barriers associated with COVID-19 vaccination.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out among 492 Bangladeshi residents (76% male; mean age = 24.21 ± 4.91 years; age range = 18-50 years) prior to the nationwide mass COVID-19 vaccination campaign (September 28, 2021). A semi-structured e-questionnaire included three sections (demographic variables, beliefs around the vaccination, and perceived barriers regarding COVID-19 vaccination).ResultsMore than a quarter of participants (26.42%) were hesitant, 70.33% reported to accept the vaccine, and 3.25% refused to be vaccinated. While (54%) believed that mass vaccination would be the most effective method to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, concerns regarding the side effects of the vaccine (58%), inadequate vaccine trials before human administration (43%), commercial profiteering (42%), and mistrust of the benefits of the vaccine (20%) were also reported. In addition, other barriers including a short supply of vaccines, unknown future adverse effects (55%), low confidence in the health system (51%), doubts regarding its effectiveness (50%) and safety (45%), and insufficient information regarding potential adverse effects (44.7%) were reported. In bivariate analysis, variables such as current political affiliation, previous vaccination history, and health status were significantly associated with the COVID-19 vaccine uptake variable (acceptance, hesitancy, refusal). Regression analysis showed that participants who identified with the opposing current political parties, and not having been vaccinated since the age of 18 years were significantly more likely to report vaccine hesitancy.ConclusionsThe current findings relating to COVID-19 vaccination demonstrate that government and policy makers need to take all necessary measures to ensure the effectiveness of the vaccination program among the Bangladeshi people.
| S-EPMC9398020 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionCOVID-19 is a deadly worldwide pandemic and has led to rapid vaccine development. Vaccinating children is a key step to ending the pandemic.MethodThis project used a pretest-posttest design to determine if a 1-hr webinar improved parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The webinar was streamed live and later posted to YouTube. Parental vaccine hesitancy was measured by an adapted version of the Parental Attitudes about Childhood Vaccine survey for COVID-19 vaccines. Parental Attitudes about Childhood Vaccine data were collected during the live session and from YouTube for 4 weeks after the original webinar air date.ResultsAfter calculating a Wilcoxon signed rank test to measure the change of vaccine hesitancy before (median, 40.00) and after (median, 28.50) the webinar, there was a statistically significant difference (z = 0.003, p = .05).DiscussionThe webinar demonstrated improved vaccine hesitancy and provided scientifically based vaccine information to parents.
| S-EPMC10017383 | biostudies-literature
Project description:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of vaccine hesitancy screening on childhood vaccine uptake. METHODS:We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial in pediatric primary care clinics in Washington state. Vaccine-hesitant parents (VHPs) with a healthy newborn receiving health supervision at participating clinics were eligible. VHPs were identified by using a 4-item version of the validated Parent Attitudes About Childhood Vaccines Survey (PACV). Before their child's 2- and 6-month health supervision visits, VHPs at intervention clinics completed the 15-item PACV embedded in a survey containing placebo items. Intervention providers received a summary of parents' 15-item PACV responses and interpretation of their PACV score; discretion was given to providers regarding how they acted on this information. VHPs at control clinics completed only the placebo survey items, and their child's provider received a summary of their responses; control providers remained blinded to parent VHP status. Our outcome was child immunization status at 8 months of age expressed as percent of days underimmunized. We compared outcomes in control and intervention participants using t test and linear mixed-effects regression. RESULTS:We enrolled 24 clinics (12 in each arm) and 156 parents (65 in the intervention arm). Parent characteristics were similar across arms except more intervention (versus control) parents had a first-born child (60.9% vs 44%; P = .04). No significant difference in outcome was detected between arms (25.2% [95% confidence interval: 16.0% to 34.5%] vs 19.1% [95% confidence interval: 12.0% to 26.3%] mean days underimmunized in the intervention and control arms, respectively). CONCLUSION:Vaccine hesitancy screening was not significantly associated with days underimmunized.
| S-EPMC6855815 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThis study assessed parental vaccine hesitancy in a metropolitan area of the United States. The study aimed to determine what characteristics and contributing factors influenced parental vaccine hesitancy and concerns regarding COVID-19.Design and methodsAn online survey was used to recruit 93 parents to answer demographic and vaccine hesitancy information. Vaccine hesitancy was measured using the Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccines survey. The study was conducted between June 2020 and September 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.ResultsThe rate of vaccine hesitancy was 15%. One hundred percent of vaccine hesitant parents were mothers, at least 30 years of age, married, and had completed at least some college. When characteristics of vaccine hesitant parents were compared to non-hesitant parents, the hesitant parents reported having more children, with 93% reporting two or more children compared to only 74% of non-hesitant parents (p = 0.046). Fifty percent of hesitant parents reported no concerns regarding COVID-19 compared to only 20% of non-hesitant parents (p = 0.006), and significantly less hesitant parents reported willingness to have their children receive a safe, effective COVID-19 vaccine if it were available compared to non-hesitant parents (p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that older mothers with two or more children are more likely to be vaccine hesitant and this hesitancy extends to the current COVID-19 pandemic.Practice implicationsHealthcare providers can use the results of this study to identify parents at risk for vaccine hesitancy and initiate individualized education to promote on-time childhood vaccination.
| S-EPMC8970879 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundHuman Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in Canada and around the world. Vaccination is an effective prevention strategy, but uptake is low, especially among newcomers to Canada. We sought to understand newcomers' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs (KAB) on HPV and HPV vaccination and their role in HPV vaccine acceptance.MethodsNewcomers were defined as individuals born outside Canada, (i.e., individuals born in a different country, the majority of whom are immigrants or refugees, but also includes students and undocumented migrants). Eligible participants were newcomers, aged 16 or older and who could read or write in English, French or Arabic. Surveys were administered in two community health centres in Ottawa, Canada that primarily engage with newcomer populations. Follow-up interviews were conducted either at the community health centre or over the phone, depending on participants' preferences.ResultsFifty participants completed the survey, the majority of whom were women (74%) and spoke Arabic as their first language (54%). Seven participants completed supplemental interviews to complement their survey responses. The majority (70%) of participants had not previously heard of HPV. Less than half (46%) knew that the vaccine is effective in preventing certain types of cancer; nearly 40% incorrectly believed the vaccine could cure HPV. Qualitative interviews supported the survey findings.ConclusionsDespite a lack of HPV knowledge due to cultural and language barriers, there is still a strong desire among newcomers to receive the vaccine, especially when accompanied by a physician recommendation. Cultural and language-appropriate resources are needed to help newcomers make informed vaccination decisions and promote HPV vaccine uptake.
| S-EPMC7797127 | biostudies-literature