Dataset Information

Quality of the diet during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin-American countries.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

The confinement by COVID-19 has affected the food chain and environments, which added to factors such as anxiety, frustration, fear and stress have modified the quality of the diet in the population around the world. The purpose of this study was to explore diet quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin American countries.

Methodology

Multicentric, cross-sectional study. An online survey was applied to residents of 11 Latin-American countries, during April and May 2020, when confinement was mandatory. Diet quality was evaluated using a validated questionnaire.

Result

10,573 people participated in the study. The quality of the food by country shows that Colombia presented the best quality, while Chile and Paraguay presented the lowest. When comparing the overall results of diet quality by gender, schooling and age, women, people with more schooling and people under 30 years of age, presented better diet quality. The regression model showed that the variables associated with diet quality were: age (df = 3, F = 4. 57, p < 0.001), sex (df = 1, F = 131.01, p < 0.001), level of education (df = 1, F = 38.29, p < 0.001), perception of weight change (df = 2, F = 135.31, p < 0.001), basis services (df = 1, F = 8.63, p = 0.003), and quarantine (df = 1, F = 12.14, p = 0.001).

Conclusion

It is necessary for governments to intervene to reverse these indicators, considering that inadequate feeding favors the appearance of no communicable diseases, which favor a higher risk of infection and worse prognosis with COVID-19.

SUBMITTER: Duran-Aguero S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9351126 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Quality of the diet during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin-American countries.

Durán-Agüero Samuel S Ortiz Alfonsina A Pérez-Armijo Patricio P Vinueza-Veloz María Fernanda MF Ríos-Castillo Israel I Camacho-Lopez Saby S Cavagnari Brian M BM Nava-González Edna J EJ Carpio-Arias Valeria V Cordón-Arrivillaga Karla K Mauricio-Alza Saby S Roncancio Jhon Jairo Bejarano JJB Nuñez-Martínez Beatríz B González-Medina Gabriel G Ivancovich Sonia S Meza-Miranda Eliana Romina ER Landaeta-Díaz Leslie L

Journal of health, population, and nutrition 20220804 1

<h4>Background and objectives</h4>The confinement by COVID-19 has affected the food chain and environments, which added to factors such as anxiety, frustration, fear and stress have modified the quality of the diet in the population around the world. The purpose of this study was to explore diet quality during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin American countries.<h4>Methodology</h4>Multicentric, cross-sectional study. An online survey was applied to residents of 11 Latin-American countries, duri ...[more]

PMID: 35927689

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Project description:This study aimed to evaluate changes in dietary and lifestyle habits during the period of confinement due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ibero-American countries. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted with 6,325 participants of both genders (68% women), over 18 years of age and from five countries: Brazil (N = 2,171), Argentina (N = 1,111), Peru (N = 1,174), Mexico (N = 686), and Spain (N = 1,183). Data were collected during the year 2020, between April 01 and June 30 in Spain and between July 13 and September 26, in the other countries studied using a self-administered online survey designed for the assessment of sociodemographic, employment, physical activity, health status, and dietary habits changes. Most participants (61.6%), mainly those from Spain, remained constant, without improving or worsening their pattern of food consumption. Among those who changed, a pattern of better eating choices prevailed (22.7%) in comparison with those who changed toward less healthy choices (15.7%). Argentina and Brazil showed the highest proportion of changes toward a healthier pattern of food consumption. Peruvians and Mexicans were less likely to make healthy changes in food consumption (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.4-0.6 and OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.4-0.8, respectively), when compared to Argentinians. Most respondents did not change their pattern of meal consumption, but those who did reduced their consumption of main meals and increased intake of small meals and snacks. Although most participants affirmed to be doing physical activity at home, about one-half reported perception of weight gain. Individuals with alterations in sleep pattern (either by increasing or decreasing sleep time) were more likely to change their diets to a healthier pattern. In contrast, individuals with confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and those who reported feeling anxious were more likely to perform changes to a less healthy eating pattern (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.2-2.3 and OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.1-1.4, respectively). In conclusion, although most participants remained constant in their eating habits, lifestyle changes and anxiety feelings were reported. Among those who changed patterns of food consumption, healthier choices prevailed, with differences between countries. However, there were alterations in the distribution of meals, with higher consumption of snacks and small meals. These results can be used to guide policies to prevent deleterious consequences that may affect the incidence of chronic diseases.

Project description:BackgroundThe coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19 pandemic) and associated responses have significantly disrupted healthcare. We aimed to estimate the magnitude of and reasons for households reporting healthcare disruption in 14 Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region countries from mid-2020 to mid-2021, and its relationship with country contextual factors.MethodsWe used COVID-19 high-frequency phone surveys (HFPS) conducted in 14 LAC countries in three rounds in 2020 and one in 2021. We classified the reasons reported for healthcare disruption into four groups: concerns about contracting COVID-19, healthcare supply constraints, financial reasons, and public health measures (PHMs). We used bivariate and multivariate regressions to examine correlates of reported healthcare disruption with the above groups and country context as control variables.ResultsOn average, 20% of households reported a disruption in May-June 2020 (45% to 10% at country level), dropping to 9% in June-July 2020 (31% to 3%) and July-August 2020 (26% to 3%), and declining to 3% in May-July 2021 (11% to 1%). The most common reason reported for disruption was healthcare supply constraints, followed by concerns about contracting COVID-19, PHM, and financial reasons. In multivariable regression analyses, we found that a higher incidence of new COVID-19 cases (regression coefficient (β) = 0.018, P < 0.01), stricter PHM (β = 0.002, P < 0.01), fewer hospital beds per population (β = -0.011, P < 0.01), and lower out-of-pocket health spending (β = -0.0008, P < 0.01) were associated with higher levels of disrupted care. A higher care disruption was associated with a lower gross domestic product (GDP) per person (β = -0.00001, P < 0.01) and lower population density (β = -0.056, P < 0.01).ConclusionsHealthcare services for households in LAC were substantially disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings about supply and financial constraints can inform the recovery of postponed healthcare services, while public health and contextual factors findings can inform future health system resilience efforts in LAC and elsewhere.

Dataset Information

Quality of the diet during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin-American countries.

Background and objectives

Methodology

Result

Conclusion

Publications

Quality of the diet during the COVID-19 pandemic in 11 Latin-American countries.

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