Dataset Information

Mortality Among US Infants and Children Under 5 Years of Age with Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bronchiolitis: A Systematic Literature Review.

ABSTRACT:

Background

A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the mortality (overall and by disease severity factors) of US infants and children aged <5 years with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or all-cause bronchiolitis (ACB).

Methods

Comprehensive, systematic literature searches were conducted; articles were screened using prespecified eligibility criteria. A standard risk of bias tool was used to evaluate studies. Mortality was extracted as the rate per 100 000 or the case fatality ratio (CFR; proportion of deaths among RSV/ACB cases).

Results

Among 42 included studies, 36 evaluated inpatient deaths; 10 used nationally representative populations updated through 2013, and only 2 included late-preterm/full-term otherwise healthy infants and children. The RSV/ACB definition varied across studies (multiple International Classification of Diseases [ICD] codes; laboratory confirmation); no study reported systematic testing for RSV. No studies reported RSV mortality rates, while 3 studies provided ACB mortality rates (0.57-9.4 per 100 000). CFRs ranged from 0% to 1.7% for RSV (n = 15) and from 0% to 0.17% for ACB (n = 6); higher CFRs were reported among premature, intensive care unit-admitted, and publicly insured infants and children.

Conclusions

RSV mortality reported among US infants and children is variable. Current, nationally representative estimates are needed for otherwise healthy, late-preterm to full-term infants and children.

SUBMITTER: Bylsma LC

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9377034 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Publications

Mortality Among US Infants and Children Under 5 Years of Age with Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bronchiolitis: A Systematic Literature Review.

Bylsma Lauren C LC Suh Mina M Movva Naimisha N Fryzek Jon P JP Nelson Christopher B CB

The Journal of infectious diseases 20220801 Suppl 2

<h4>Background</h4>A systematic literature review was conducted to summarize the mortality (overall and by disease severity factors) of US infants and children aged <5 years with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or all-cause bronchiolitis (ACB).<h4>Methods</h4>Comprehensive, systematic literature searches were conducted; articles were screened using prespecified eligibility criteria. A standard risk of bias tool was used to evaluate studies. Mortality was extracted as the rate per 100 000 or th ...[more]

PMID: 35968871

Similar Datasets

Project description:BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequent cause of bronchiolitis. Precise and updated information about demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and risk factors for severe disease are needed for optimal implementation of upcoming new therapeutic and preventive interventions.ObjectivesThe main goals of this study were to define the epidemiology of acute bronchiolitis in hospitalized young children during 5 calendar years in Spain; evaluate the differences in clinical manifestations between children hospitalized with RSV infection and those hospitalized with non-RSV infection; and identify demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, and risk factors associated with disease severity.MethodsWe performed a retrospective review of the medical records of children younger than 2 years who were hospitalized with bronchiolitis between January 2015 and December 2019. We constructed multivariable models to identify independent predictors of disease severity defined as length of hospital stay (LOS), pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission, and need for a high-flow-nasal canula (HFNC).ResultsFrom January 2015 to December 2019, 1437 children were hospitalized with bronchiolitis and met the inclusion criteria. The proportion of children hospitalized with bronchiolitis caused by RSV increased significantly during the study period, from 60% to 65% (P = .03). The children with RSV bronchiolitis were younger than those with non-RSV bronchiolitis (median age = 3 months [interquartile range = 1.5-6.5 months] vs 4 months [interquartile range = 2-7.5 months], respectively (P < .01). The children younger than 6 months with RSV bronchiolitis had enhanced disease severity compared with those with non-RSV bronchiolitis, as defined by an LOS of more than 4 days, severity scores, need for an HFNC, intravenous fluids, enteral feeding, and PICU admissions (P < .01). Age younger than 6 months and RSV-positive etiology were independently associated with greater odds of PICU admission, need for an HFNC, and longer LOS.ConclusionThis study identified differences in disease severity between young children with RSV bronchiolitis and those with non-RSV bronchiolitis. These differences are particularly significant in children younger than 6 months, who comprise a group of infants with suboptimal innate immunity to RSV and may benefit from new preventive strategies.

Dataset Information

Mortality Among US Infants and Children Under 5 Years of Age with Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bronchiolitis: A Systematic Literature Review.

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Mortality Among US Infants and Children Under 5 Years of Age with Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Bronchiolitis: A Systematic Literature Review.

Similar Datasets

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