Dataset Information

Heterologous booster vaccination with CoronaVac following prime vaccination with mRNA vaccine.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Despite the high vaccine efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, there are individuals who developed excessive reactogenic and/or allergic responses after the first mRNA dose and were considered ineligible for further mRNA doses. CoronaVac, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, is recommended in Singapore as an alternative.

Methods

Individuals, ineligible for further mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) because of excessive reactive responses to prime mRNA vaccination, were recruited and offered two doses of CoronaVac as booster vaccination 38-224 days post their mRNA vaccine dose. Individuals who did not develop any excessive reactive responses after the prime mRNA vaccination were also recruited and given another mRNA vaccine as booster vaccination. Blood samples were collected at days 0, 21 and 90 post first CoronaVac dose and mRNA dose, respectively, for analysis.

Results

We showed that two CoronaVac booster doses induced specific immunity in these mRNA vaccine-primed individuals. Although the spike-specific antibody response was lower, their memory B cell response against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein was similar, compared with individuals who received two BNT162b2 injections. The spike-specific memory T cell response also increased following CoronaVac booster doses. However, specific immunity against the Omicron variant was low, similar to individuals with two BNT162b2 doses.

Conclusion

Our findings showed that while mRNA vaccine-primed individuals can opt for two subsequent doses of CoronaVac, an additional dose may be necessary to achieve protection, especially against newly emerging immune escape variants such as Omicron.

SUBMITTER: Goh YS

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9398778 | biostudies-literature | 2022

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Heterologous booster vaccination with CoronaVac following prime vaccination with mRNA vaccine.

Goh Yun Shan YS Fong Siew-Wai SW Rouers Angeline A Chang Zi Wei ZW Tay Matthew Zirui MZ Chavatte Jean-Marc JM Zhuo Nicole Ziyi NZ Hor Pei Xiang PX Loh Chiew Yee CY Huang Yuling Y Wong Joel Xu En JXE Tan Yong Jie YJ Lim Daniel Rui Xiang DRX Wang Bei B Ngoh Eve Zi Xian EZX Salleh Siti Nazihah Mohd SNM Lee Raphael Tze Chuen RTC Pada Surinder S Sun Louisa Jin LJ Ong Desmond Luan Seng DLS Somani Jyoti J Lee Eng Sing ES Maurer-Stroh Sebastian S Wang Cheng-I CI Leo Yee-Sin YS Lin Raymond Tp RT Ren Ee Chee EC Lye David C DC Young Barnaby Edward BE Lim Poh Lian PL Ng Lisa Fp LF Renia Laurent L

Clinical & translational immunology 20220823 8

<h4>Objective</h4>Despite the high vaccine efficacy of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, there are individuals who developed excessive reactogenic and/or allergic responses after the first mRNA dose and were considered ineligible for further mRNA doses. CoronaVac, an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, is recommended in Singapore as an alternative.<h4>Methods</h4>Individuals, ineligible for further mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273) because of excessive reactive responses to prime mRNA vaccination, were re ...[more]

PMID: 36016852

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Project description:The Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has high transmissibility and recently swept the globe. Due to the extensive number of mutations, this variant has high level of immune evasion, which drastically reduced the efficacy of existing antibodies and vaccines. Thus, it is important to test an Omicron-specific vaccine, evaluate its immune response against Omicron and other variants, and compare its immunogenicity as boosters with existing vaccine designed against the reference wildtype virus (WT). Here, we generated an Omicron-specific lipid nanoparticle (LNP) mRNA vaccine candidate, and tested its activity in animals, both alone and as a heterologous booster to existing WT mRNA vaccine. Our Omicron-specific LNP-mRNA vaccine elicited strong and specific antibody response in vaccination-naive mice. Mice that received two-dose WT LNP-mRNA, the one mimicking the commonly used Pfizer/Moderna mRNA vaccine, showed a >40-fold reduction in neutralization potency against Omicron variant than that against WT two weeks post second dose, which further reduced to background level >3 months post second dose. As a booster shot for two-dose WT mRNA vaccinated mice, a single dose of either a homologous booster with WT LNP-mRNA or a heterologous booster with Omicron LNP-mRNA restored the waning antibody response against Omicron, with over 40-fold increase at two weeks post injection as compared to right before booster. Interestingly, the heterologous Omicron LNP-mRNA booster elicited neutralizing titers 10-20 fold higher than the homologous WT booster against the Omicron variant, with comparable titers against the Delta variant. All three types of vaccination, including Omicron mRNA alone, WT mRNA homologous booster, and Omicron heterologous booster, elicited broad binding antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 WA-1, Beta, and Delta variants, as well as other Betacoronavirus species such as SARS-CoV, but not Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). These data provided direct proof-of-concept assessments of an Omicron-specific mRNA vaccination in vivo, both alone and as a heterologous booster to the existing widely-used WT mRNA vaccine form.

Dataset Information

Heterologous booster vaccination with CoronaVac following prime vaccination with mRNA vaccine.

Objective

Methods

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Heterologous booster vaccination with CoronaVac following prime vaccination with mRNA vaccine.

Similar Datasets

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