Dataset Information

Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by Rhodococcus: Assimilation of Hexadecane in Different Aggregate States.

ABSTRACT: The aim of our study was to reveal the peculiarities of the adaptation of rhodococci to hydrophobic hydrocarbon degradation at low temperatures when the substrate was in solid states. The ability of actinobacteria Rhodococcus erythropolis (strains X5 and S67) to degrade hexadecane at 10 °C (solid hydrophobic substrate) and 26 °C (liquid hydrophobic substrate) is described. Despite the solid state of the hydrophobic substrate at 10 °C, bacteria demonstrate a high level of its degradation (30-40%) within 18 days. For the first time, we show that specialized cellular structures are formed during the degradation of solid hexadecane by Rhodococcus at low temperatures: intracellular multimembrane structures and surface vesicles connected to the cell by fibers. The formation of specialized cellular structures when Rhodococcus bacteria are grown on solid hexadecane is an important adaptive trait, thereby contributing to the enlargement of a contact area between membrane-bound enzymes and a hydrophobic substrate.

SUBMITTER: Thi Mo L

PROVIDER: S-EPMC9416576 | biostudies-literature | 2022 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by <i>Rhodococcus</i>: Assimilation of Hexadecane in Different Aggregate States.

Thi Mo Luong L Irina Puntus P Natalia Suzina S Irina Nechaeva N Lenar Akhmetov A Andrey Filonov F Ekaterina Akatova A Sergey Alferov A Olga Ponamoreva P

Microorganisms 20220808 8

The aim of our study was to reveal the peculiarities of the adaptation of rhodococci to hydrophobic hydrocarbon degradation at low temperatures when the substrate was in solid states. The ability of actinobacteria <i>Rhodococcus erythropolis</i> (strains X5 and S67) to degrade hexadecane at 10 °C (solid hydrophobic substrate) and 26 °C (liquid hydrophobic substrate) is described. Despite the solid state of the hydrophobic substrate at 10 °C, bacteria demonstrate a high level of its degradation ( ...[more]

PMID: 36014013

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Project description:Low pollutant substrate bioavailability limits hydrocarbon biodegradation in soils. Bacterially produced surface-active compounds, such as rhamnolipid biosurfactant and the PA bioemulsifying protein produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, can improve bioavailability and biodegradation in liquid culture, but their production and roles in soils are unknown. In this study, we asked if the genes for surface-active compounds are expressed in unsaturated porous media contaminated with hexadecane. Furthermore, if expression does occur, is biodegradation enhanced? To detect expression of genes for surface-active compounds, we fused the gfp reporter gene either to the promoter region of pra, which encodes for the emulsifying PA protein, or to the promoter of the transcriptional activator rhlR. We assessed green fluorescent protein (GFP) production conferred by these gene fusions in P. aeruginosa PG201. GFP was produced in sand culture, indicating that the rhlR and pra genes are both transcribed in unsaturated porous media. Confocal laser scanning microscopy of liquid drops revealed that gfp expression was localized at the hexadecane-water interface. Wild-type PG201 and its mutants that are deficient in either PA protein, rhamnolipid synthesis, or both were studied to determine if the genetic potential to make surface-active compounds confers an advantage to P. aeruginosa biodegrading hexadecane in sand. Hexadecane depletion rates and carbon utilization efficiency in sand culture were the same for wild-type and mutant strains, i.e., whether PG201 was proficient or deficient in surfactant or emulsifier production. Environmental scanning electron microscopy revealed that colonization of sand grains was sparse, with cells in small monolayer clusters instead of multilayered biofilms. Our findings suggest that P. aeruginosa likely produces surface-active compounds in sand culture. However, the ability to produce surface-active compounds did not enhance biodegradation in sand culture because well-distributed cells and well-distributed hexadecane favored direct contact to hexadecane for most cells. In contrast, surface-active compounds enable bacteria in liquid culture to adhere to the hexadecane-water interface when they otherwise would not, and thus production of surface-active compounds is an advantage for hexadecane biodegradation in well-dispersed liquid systems.

Dataset Information

Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by Rhodococcus: Assimilation of Hexadecane in Different Aggregate States.

Publications

Hydrocarbons Biodegradation by <i>Rhodococcus</i>: Assimilation of Hexadecane in Different Aggregate States.

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